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Parkinson's disease risk and severity is tied to a channel in cells' 'recycling centers


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Many genetic mutations have been found to be associated with a person s risk of developing Parkinson s disease. Yet for most of these variants, the mechanism through which they act remains unclear.
Now a new study in
Nature led by a team from the University of Pennsylvania has revealed how two different variations one that increases disease risk and leads to more severe disease in people who develop Parkinson s and another that reduces risk manifest in the body.
The work, led by Dejian Ren, a professor in the School of Arts & Sciences Department of Biology, showed that the variation that raises disease risk, which about 17% of people possess, causes a reduction in function of an ion channel in cellular organelles called lysosomes, also known as cells waste removal and recycling centers. Meanwhile, a different variation that reduces Parkinson s disease risk by about 20% and is present in 7% of the general population enhances the activity of the same ion ....

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Climate change doesn't spare the smallest


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In a normal year, biologists Daniel Janzen and Winnie Hallwachs spend about six months in Costa Rica, where they conduct research and pursue conservation efforts in Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG), a World Heritage Site in the northwest that encompasses, a network of parks and preserves they helped establish in the 1980s and that has grown to more than 400,000 acres, including marine, dry forest, cloud forest, and rain forest environments.
In 2020 that is where the married couple was when the COVID-19 pandemic took hold of the world, and compelled them to extend their stay in the virus-free forest until the fall, when they felt safe enough to travel back to their other home in Philadelphia. ....

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