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Donation of Constantine | document


Donatio Constantini and
Constitutum Constantini, the best-known and most important forgery of the Middle Ages, the document purporting to record the Roman emperor Constantine the Great’s bestowal of vast territory and spiritual and temporal power on Pope Sylvester I (reigned 314–335) and his successors. Based on legends that date back to the 5th century, the Donation was composed by an unknown writer in the 8th century. Although it had only limited impact at the time of its compilation, it had great influence on political and religious affairs in medieval Europe until it was clearly demonstrated to be a forgery by Lorenzo Valla in the 15th century. ....

Israel General , Al Iskandariyah , Lorenzo Valla , Pope Sylvester , Santi Quattro Coronati , Constitutum Constantini , Legendas Silvestri Latin , Latin Donatio Constantini , Middle Ages , Byzantine Empire , Pope Stephen , Western Empire , Holy Roman , Donation Of Constantine , நிலையான மக்கள் , இஸ்ரேல் ஜநரல் , லோரென்சோ வல்லா , போப் சில்வெஸ்டர் , பைசாண்டின் பேரரசு , போப் ஸ்டீபன் , மேற்கு பேரரசு , பரிசுத்த ரோமன் , நன்கொடை ஆஃப் மாறிலி ,

ragtime | Description, History, & Facts


Paul Fearn/Alamy
Scott Joplin, called the “King of Ragtime,” published the most successful of the early rags, “The Maple Leaf Rag,” in 1899. Joplin, who considered ragtime a permanent and serious branch of classical music, composed hundreds of short pieces, a set of études, and operas in the style. Other important performers were, in St. Louis, Louis Chauvin and Thomas M. Turpin (father of St. Louis ragtime) and, in New Orleans, Tony Jackson.
Though ragtime’s heyday was relatively short-lived, the music influenced the later development of jazz. Ragtime experienced occasional revivals, most notably in the 1970s. During that decade pianist Joshua Rifkin released the acclaimed album ....

United States , Thomasm Turpin , Tony Jackson , Paul Fearn Alamy , Marvin Hamlisch , Louis Chauvin , Joshua Rifkin , Scott Joplin , Academy Award , African Americanbanjo , Maple Leaf Rag , New Orleans , Piano Rags , Grammy Award , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , மிச Ou ரி , டோனி ஜாக்சன் , லூயிஸ் சாருவின் , ஜோஷுவா ரிஃப்கின் , ஸ்காட் ஜாப்ளின் , கலைக்கழகம் விருது , மேப்பிள் இலை துணியுடன் , புதியது ஆர்லீயந்ஸ் , பியானோ கந்தல் , கிராமி விருது ,

Scott Joplin | Biography, Music, & Facts


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Scott Joplin, (born 1867/68, Texas, U.S. died April 1, 1917, New York, New York), American composer and pianist known as the “king of ragtime” at the turn of the 20th century.
Joplin spent his childhood in northeastern Texas, though the exact date and place of his birth are unknown. By 1880 his family had moved to Texarkana, where he studied piano with local teachers. Joplin traveled through the Midwest from the mid-1880s, performing at the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. Settling in Sedalia, Missouri, in 1895, he studied music at the George R. Smith College for Negroes and hoped for a career as a concert pianist and classical composer. His first published songs brought him fame, and in 1900 he moved to St. Louis to work more closely with the music publisher John Stark. ....

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Bantustan | Definition, History, Map, & Facts


Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bantustans were rooted in Land Actspromulgated in 1913 and 1936, which defined a number of scattered areas as “native reserves” for Blacks. Some expansion, consolidation, and relocation of these areas occurred in the following decades. By the 1950s the combined areas of the reserves amounted to 13 percent of the total land area of South Africa, while Blacks made up at least 75 percent of the total population. The 1959 Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act relabeled the reserves as “homelands,” or Bantustans, in which only specific ethnic groups were to have residence rights. Later, the Bantu Homelands Citizenship Act of 1970 defined Blacks living throughout South Africa as legal citizens of the homelands designated for their particular ethnic groups thereby stripping them of their South African citizenship and their few remaining civil and political rights. Between the 1960s and 1980s, the white-dominated South African government continu ....

South Africa , Free State , Eastern Cape , South African , Bantustans Ciskei , Britannica Inc , Black African , North Sotho , South Sotho , Land Actspromulgated , Bantu Self Government Act , Bantu Homelands Citizenship Act , இலவசம் நிலை , கிழக்கு கேப் , பிரிட்டானிக்கா இன்க் , பாண்டு சுய அரசு நாடகம் , பாண்டு தாயகங்கள் குடியுரிமை நாடகம் ,

Sharpeville massacre | Summary, Significance, & Facts


Central Press/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
The Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC), a splinter group of the African National Congress (ANC) created in 1959, organized a countrywide demonstration for March 21, 1960, for the abolition of South Africa’s pass laws. Participants were instructed to surrender their reference books (passes) and invite arrest. Some 20,000 Blacks gathered near a police station at Sharpeville, located about 30 miles (50 km) south of Johannesburg. After some demonstrators, according to police, began stoning police officers and their armoured cars, the officers opened fire on them with submachine guns. About 69 Blacks were killed and more than 180 wounded, some 50 women and children being among the victims. A state of emergency was declared in South Africa, more than 11,000 people were detained, and the PAC and ANC were outlawed. Reports of the incident helped focus international criticism on South Africa’s apartheid policy. Following the dismantling of apart ....

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