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Development programs can promote growth while also reducing brain drain in low-income countries


Silhouette of people with luggage walking in a row. Andrey Popov/Shutterstock.com
Globalization has facilitated physical mobility, enabling international migration to increase from 92 million in 1960 to 244 million in 2017. Traditionally, rising migration flows have been attributed to a lack of economic development in origin countries. Would-be migrants, the argument goes, decide to move primarily in search of higher wages and income abroad.
A competing hypothesis on the migration-development relation
The “migration transition hypothesis,” first set forth by Wilbur Zelinsky in his seminal paper on the subject (1971), provided a more nuanced picture. Out-migration (emigration) first increases with development in a country until a certain turning point, after which it gradually recedes. Several scholars found empirical evidence for this, using mainly cross-sectional data (De Haas, 2010; Clemens, 2014; Dao et al., 2018). This suggests that in low-income countries eco ....

World Bank , District Of Columbia , United States , Wilbur Zelinsky , World Bank Group , World Bank Economic , United Nations Department Of Economic , Kiel Institute For The World Economy , Affair Trends In International Migrant Stocks , Department Of Economic , Institute For The Study Of Labor , United Nations , World Bank Policy Research Working Paper , Population Division , International Migration Institute , International Migrant Stock , Development Reduce Migration , Journal Of Development Economics , World Bank Global Bilateral Databases , Global Bilateral Databases , United Nations Department , Social Affair Trends , International Migrant Stocks , Working Paper , Kiel Institute , World Economy ,

The Global Debt Problem - LewRockwell


The Global Debt Problem
It has been recently estimated that global debts stand at $284 trillion equivalent, representing 355% of global GDP. Estimates such as these must be treated with caution, and they probably underestimate financial sector debt. Furthermore, no allowance in these figures is made for OTC derivatives, which according to the Bank for International Settlements have a gross value of $15.48 quadrillion(!), netting out at $609 trillion.
This article comments on the different debt sectors: government, finance, non-financial corporate and consumer debt. It finds the dangers of excessive corporate debt have had the least attention, and that systemic risk in commercial banks is grossly underestimated. ....

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