Transcripts For CSPAN Washington Journal 20160511

Commanderinchief . If youre a active military, dial in at 2027488000. Retired military, 2027488001. You can also join the conversation on twitter if you like at twitter. Com cspanwj or facebook. Com cspan. Good morning to all of you. And well get to you calls here n just a minute. So lets begin first, leo shane, with who participated in this survey and what questions did you ask . Guest sure and thanks for the invite here. This is a survey of our readers who are. Currently serving members. We asked some pretty specifically, you know know given specific matchups, who would you vote for . We wanted to really get some opinions on the likely matchups for this fall. So we asked them if forced to choose between donald trump and Hillary Clinton, who would you choose . And the results were pretty striking. 54 of our respondents said they backed donald trump and 43 said they backed Hillary Clinton. 21 said forget it. Im not going to vote if those are my who only choices. Host and why did they say that, would not vote . Guest we didnt give them a third option in this case. They said if we had a third party option, well take it. And in this case, we were just looking at the front runners and wanted to see what is their opinion, how many people are dissatisfied with these last two choices. Were seeing quite a significant number of Service Members arent happy with only being left with trump and clinton, essentially at this point. Host what is it that theyre not satisfied with . Guest weve heard from some folks that they just feel like these are both establishment, candid in some ways. Weve heard from a lot of folks that there are some frustration that they dont understand the military, neither have served and dont understand military issues. Thats one of the things that well be digging in as the summer goes along, if this is just the initial gut reaction after the primaries or is this more systematic disappointment throughout the ranks. Host you also did the hypothetical matchup between donald trump and Bernie Sanders. And Bernie Sanders fared better than Hillary Clinton did. Guest yeah, slightly better, not enough to overtake donald trump. The biggest thing we saw in all of our result is Party Affiliation is what really mattered. When we look at Service Members who are republicans, they broke for donald trump pretty convincingly across the board no matter what the matchup was, about 80 . And in clintons case, among democrats, she got 72 of all the democrats, again, regardless when shes matched up with onald trump. Were seeing it reflected within the ranks. And thats significant to us because it means a lot of the concerns about Foreign Policy, lack of multiexperience, military issues that weve seen heeps pretty heavily on donald trump. Theyre just not resonated or just not affecting how military members see the candidates. And are most military members conservative . Guest its one of those numbers thats tough to get to. There is certainly a larger number of republicans than democrats. There are certainly still some democrats in there. In the recent surveys weve done, republicans to democrats and quite a few independents too. Us to not surprising to see that folks who very strongly associate with the Republican Party are going to back the republican nominee even with some of the criticism surrounding him. Host how will you follow up on this poll . Guest were looking at a handful of different issues throughout the summer here. Since a lot of our readers were very focused on the thirdparty issue, well be looking at that. We already did do another question when they are talking about former marine corps general james madise. Theres rumors about his possible entry into the race and among the people we surveyed, more than half said he would be a good candidate. Well be looking at those thirdparty options seeing if theres a real appeal or if thats simply just another outlet of frustration about these front runners and searching for some way to vote. Most of the folks that we talked to in the survey said they want to vote. They want to participate. This is one of their rights and responsibilities, but theyre just not enthused with necessarily these two choices that theyve been presented. Host and leo shane, our military members active and retired, a group of voters that you can count on to show up on election day . Guest they usually are. Theres a lot of dlts especially with overseas voters, military members who are serving overseas with getting their ballots in on time with some of the deadlines they have to reach. Its an emphasis that the military puts on getting their votes and sent them back in time. It is a population that, you know, maybe a little more so looks at these kind of civic responsibilities very seriously. Whether or not thats enough to sway the election, that remains to be seen. That military vote could be critical. Host thank you, leo. Guest any time. Host as we go to calls, take a look at how the military times poll broke down. When you look at the different branches of the military, army, navy, air force and marine corps, who do you prefer and a general election between what we have as right now, the two frontrunners, donald trump and Hillary Clinton. Lets go to robert from wisconsin. Retired military. Good morning. Welcome to the conversation. Ho do you prefer here . Caller good morning. Donald trump. Host and tell us why, robert. Caller well, one, i put on our uniform for democracy. And i hate sanders because hes a socialist. I dont believe in it. Clinton is nothing more than bama in a dress. Mr. Trump is going to enforce us as a nation, as a people who we are, americans, hopefully, were all american. And i think hell build our military backup. Ive seen a very change in our military and a lot of us, we get together and talk dont like the changes we see in it. And we think trump will just build us back up, i mean, proudly. Not arrogant, like some of the old hippies used to tell us, you know. Youre all baby killers and whatever. And with honor and i think hell do it. Host robert, do you worry about his impulsive nature . Caller no. No, maam. Every president s got to put on different faces for different situations. Thats a fact. Donald trump to me is like my old commander. He went off left and right. But he got his dimensions through and he told us what to do and he did it. So i love trump in that sense. I do regret dr. Carson couldnt hang in there but i will go with trump. Host all right. Vincent in tulsa, oklahoma, active military. Hi, vincent. Youre on the air. Caller im voting for Hillary Clinton. Host michael in arizona, retired. Hi, michael. Good morning. Caller good morning. Taking my opinion is care in the would seem to be a little unprecedented this one thinking neither one of the two major candidates have any military experience one way or the other. At this point, im worried about trump maybe being kind of quick on the trigger. And ms. Clinton, i see her as being not so much interested or concerned about being attacked or whatever. But she shouldnt make military decisions based on sheer. Litical assessment i do have to say that it is most interesting that donald trump and Hillary Clinton probably are two competitors for president of the United States. But were a strong country. Well survive whatever happens. Host ok, michael. When did you serve . Caller oh, wow. 69. To 19 host and were you in the army, navy . What branch . Caller i was in the air force. For s. A. C. W member host were talking to retired and active military this morning. Whos your choice for ommanderinchief . Recently, donald trump gave a Foreign Policy speech, laid out his vision for what kind of commanderinchief he would be. Take a listen to part of what he had to say. Donald trump tour friends and allies, i say america is going to be strong again. America is going to be reliable again. Its going to be a great and reliable ally again. Its going to be a friend again. Were going to finally have a coherent Foreign Policy based upon american interests and the shared interests of our allies. [applause] donald trump were getting the nationbuilding business and instead, focusing on creating stability in the world. Our moments of greatest strength came when politics ended at the waters edge. E need a new rational american Foreign Policy, informed by the best minds and supported by both parties and it will be by both parties. Democrats, republicans, independents, everybody. This is how we won the cold war and it is how we will win the new future struggles which may be many, may be complex, but we will win if i become president. Host donald trump giving a traditional candidate speech laying out his Foreign Policy agenda if he were to become commanderinchief. And were asking military only this morning. Who is your choice . Go said, sir. What do you think . Caller good morning. Thanks for taking my call. Host youre welcome. So whos your choice here . Caller i originally liked rand paul. I was even a bigger fan of his father but not a fan of either trump or hillary but if i had to choose, i would probably pick trump. Primary reason is five worked with classified information in the past and the issue with our private server, if i did what she did, i have a pretty good chance that she would probably go to prison, that i would probably go to jail. So i dont think she should be qualified to run for president. And ultimately, im leaning more towards libertarian, the third party, but given the choices, i would probably take trump. Host so rafael, let me ask you then. You liked ron paul and rand paul, both of them seen as not wanting to get involved, not intervening in the worlds conflicts. And as a military person, why did that appeal to you . Caller ive seen too many people and too many of my Close Friends suffer from ptsd and various other circumstances that i felt were unnecessary. Im all in favor of defending our nation, but at the same time, i think we have to be more cognizant of which International Affairs that we as a nation want to get involved with. Host ok. So rafael, what you said about National Security and Hillary Clintons private server that she had set up for herself while she was secretary of state. Front page of New York Times this morning has an article. Said a email recently sent is unclassed. And they give this example that on the morning of march 13, 2011, the assistant secretary of ate Jeffrey Feldman wrote an you werent email informing them that host rafael what, they say here is that this is a practice that goes beyond Hillary Clinton and that in the age of the internet, this is diplomacy as its happening, especially in an urgent, fast developing situation. How do you respond . Caller you know i realize the issue here, but at the same time, i still think that people hould be scrutinized and classified is still classified. Host do you think too much is classified though, rafael . Caller sometimes, perhaps. But, you know, i cant really comment to too specifically on that. Host ok. Rafael, active military in seattle, washington. Let go to the back to the New York Times. A review of the emails from mrs. Clintons private server that the state department made public under the freedom of information act provides an extensive record of how suns Sensitive Information often looped throughout president obamas Foreign Policy apparatus on unclassified systems host so that in the New York Times this morning. Sam, alexander, virginia. Youre retired. Whos your choice for president . Caller my choice is hillary. Host ok. Tell us why. Caller mainly because well, first of all, im a little skeptical in this survey. I remember vividly. I joined the military in 1963. I was in vietnam in 1964 and 1965. And most of the people that i served with, we served, you know, regardless of party. But then all of a sudden, the party became the driving force and a lot of the people who identified as being republicans back during those days, they were officers. But what i really want to say is i dont understand how people who are active duty or, you know, retired can back donald trump. This is a man with how many deferments . And all of a sudden, hes this big supporter of the military . When he had a chance to be a member of the military and he opted out . Something is not right here. Host ok, sam. Roy, in california, retired. And roy, what do you think . Caller good morning. Thank you for taking my call. Host good morning. Caller im supporting hillary. And partly because of the same reasons as the last gentleman mentioned. Donald trump doesnt have a clue. He just says things off the top of his head and we have had many president s and many commanders in achieve that lately have gotten us into dire situation about not only dollars, but treasure our blood of our young men and women. And i dont want to take a chance with donald trump. Hillary, i feel is more stable. Shes been there. Shes already established relationship with other government. And i think she will be a way better choice. One thing i want to say to tench thats out there supporting trump. A lot of times when youre upset, you make wrong decisions. You need to calm down and think about what you want to do clearly. Just dont jump because youre upset. Thank you. Thats my statement. Host roy, have you voted for a republican in the past . Or have you always voted for democrats . Caller ive always voted for democrats. And except in this election, if it came down to hillary and john kasich, thats where i would have a little quandary. Host ok. Hes reasonable. Everyones adopted a strident position and now, theyre all going back to trump, no matter what they said about him. All of a sudden now, they have to fall in line. And i dont agree with that. Host ok. Theres a few that are as you know. Speaker paul ryan saying hes not quite ready to get behind donald trump and he, along with other leadership in the house and senate will have meetings with the Presumptive Republican nominee on thursday up on capitol hill. Lets hear from Hillary Clinton. Back in march at stanford university, she talked about National Security issues. Heres what she said to say about defeating ice is and what needs to be done. Hillary clinton we do have to take out isiss stronghold in iraq and syria. We should intensify the Coalition Air campaign against step ghters, leaders, and up support for local Kurdish Forces on the ground and Coalition Efforts to protect civilians. And pursue a diplomatic strategy aimed at achieving political resolutions to syrias civil war and iraqs sectarian divide. Second, we must dismantle the Global Network of terror that supplies money, arms, propaganda and fighters. This means targeted efforts to deal with isis affiliates from libya to afghanistan. It means going after the key enablers who facilitate, illicit Financial Transactions and help jihaddists arrange travel, forged documents and evade detection. And it means waging online battles with extremists to discredit their ideology, expose their lies and counter their appeals to potential recruits in the west and around the world. Third, we must harden our defenses and build our resilience here at home. We need to counter each step in the process can lead to an attack, deferring wouldbe terrorists and discovering and disrupting plots before theyre carried out. Host Hillary Clinton in march, outlining what she would do to defeat isis. Wall street journal this morning with the headline isis kill list expanded. They report Islamic State has distributed long lists of killing americans encouraging its followers to target those individuals, vexing authorities who are at odds who the list poses an actual threat or a scare tactic host were asking military only this morning. Who would be your pick for commanderinchief . Jeff is retired military in las vegas. Ood morning, jeff. Caller good morning. Thank you for taking my call. Host you bet. Caller were talking about commanderinchief just between hillary and mr. Trump, right . Host well, would you like to see Bernie Sanders . Hes still in the race. Caller he is in the race. Like i said, im going to try to stay on task of what you talk about because i come from an intel background. Erved on u. S. Nassau, and with that said, ive always paid close to the Intel Community and have a little more knowledge of things that happen around the world. With that said, i have to bring it up because its so obvious, but ms. Clinton with the whole benghazi thing, not making the proper decision and given so ny chances, that, i think it excludes her of even looking at her as commanderinchief. Because anyone that makes a proper decision in that position, i do believe trump in that situation if im looking at those two, he does make decisions. Obviously, he has advisors at the ready but hes a decisionmaking person. Hes not going to believe our troops or u. S. Citizens at risk like that overseas. With that said, its the whole process of who were putting in the white house to be the commanderinchief in the first place. That needs to be looked at so we can actually get people that are going to have a little more experience for that type of a position. It would be great to see someone with a great military background as well serve as commanderinchief. Host ok. Were go to florida. Jim, also retired military. Good morning to you. Caller good morning. Im going to vote for trump. Hes the only one throughout the primaries that has spoke about taking care of the veterans and also rebuilding the military. Im a lifelong retiree with the u. S. Army. And i just believe the past speaks for itself. If you look at what the Cleveland Indians did, bill clinton, clintons did, bill clinton, when obama got into it, it was the same thing. Those polls show the reasons youre looking at third party because the republicans and the democrats have not given the military the proper pay raises that theyre supposed to get theyre supposed to get a 1. 8 and the congress and the senate went along with cutting it down to a 1 and no percent. So if you look at the commissary situations and all of the things that both parties want to cut, thats why theyre looking towards a third party. But trumps the only one that spoke about taking care of the veterans which that problem still exists very rampant and i think your show should get back into doing some more shows on taking care of the vet and whats going on in the v. A. Host New York Times report thought the Army Secretary nominee is blocked is being blocked by one senator. Some g. O. P. Colleagues oppose the stalling on a potential landmark appointment. And this is what the new york es report Michael Schmidt host were asking military only to call in this morning and tell us who your choice is for commanderinchief. About about, please call in at 2027488000. Retired military, 2027488001. Patrick from new york, retired. Good morning. Welcome. Youre on the air. Caller good morning. Host go ahead, sir. Caller oh, thank you. I would vote for Bernie Sanders first and donald trump second oddly enough for the simple reason that neither one has bought is bought and paid for. Hillary clinton and this is part of the email scandal out there, received moneys from tunisia, south korea, formosa, all kinds of places for bill clinton and her Global Initiative program. This money goes into canada where its not properly audited. Hillarys es on into fund. And thats most likely why shes trying to stall. On letting people know. Host patrick, do you agree with senator sanders Foreign Policy agenda . Caller i actually do. I think bernie is pretty wise. He understands we cannot simply become involved in war after war after war, that the establishment seems to like to get us into. Host ok. Patrick, that was a get setup for listening to senator sanders after the paris attack by ice is and the killings in san bernadino, california. Senator sanders gave a speech in november talking about how he would conduct Foreign Policy. Take a listen. Bernie sanders i will never hesitate to defend this nation. But i will never send our sons and daughters to war under false pretense or pretenses about dubious battles with no end in sight. To my mind, it is clear that the United States must pursue policies to destroy the brutal and barbaric isis regime. And to create conditions that prevents ideologies from flourishing. But we cannot and should not do it alone. Our response must begin with an understanding of past mistakes and missteps in our previous approaches to Foreign Policy. It begins with the acknowledgement that unilateral military action should be a last resort, not a first resort. [applause] Bernie Sanders and that illconceived military decisions such as the invasion of iraq can wreak far reaching devastation and destabilization over regions for decades. Host that is what Bernie Sanders had to say about his vision of Foreign Policy if he were to be commanderinchief ack in november. There were contests in West Virginia and nebraska for the republicans. Here is where the delegate count stands right now for donald trump, the prum tiff republican nominee. He is at 1,59 delegates. E needs 1,237 nominations. He needs less than 40 to clinch the nomination. On the democrats side, this is here it stands host on the contest, New York Times this morning. Hillary clinton suggests giving medicare a buyin option is on the front page. And it says shes stepping to the left as she tries to clinch the nomination, mrs. Clinton is moving to the left on health care and this week, took a step in our opponents direction suggest she would like to give the people the option to buy into medicare. Host that in the New York Times this morning. And then theres this also in the washington post. Studies fault sanders on policy costs suggesting senator sanders would not come up with enough money using this approach and that is taxing the rich and that the poor and the middle class would have to pay more than sanders has projected to fund his ideas. Host so thats an update with some policy pieces in the papers this morning. And then lets go back to calls. Well go to mark next in the broncos bronx. You are retired, mark, and youre on the air. Caller thank you very much, greta. Thank you for cspan. I dont really like either of these candidates. One of the problems i have with trims his insistence that our military is going to be so strong that no one will mess with us. Well, this has never proven to be true. If we go back 2,000 years to the romance which were the Strongest Army in the world, there for insurrections constantly. In 1775, the Strongest Army in the world were the british. And how did that work out for them here in the colonies . And in vietnam, i was in vietnam. The Strongest Army in the world was us. And there were constant well we know what happened. Insurrection is not going to be deterred by the strength of the army. His thoughts, trumps thoughts that this is going to prevent insurrection or isis has just not ever proven out. I am very insulted when he attacks john mccain. I can juice the same affect. I like my Business People not to have gone bankrupt. I like my christians not to have committed adultery. And i like my war among rers not have gotten deferments. I think hes a hypocrite. Hillary clinton all i can put vey yiddish is to say oi what a choice we have for presidency. Its frightening to me. But thats my opinion and thats all i have to say. Host ok, mark. Well go to detroit. Bert in michigan. Retired military. Whos your choice for ommanderinchief . Caller i definitely support Hillary Clinton. And the simple fact is that donald trump is inexperienced and doesnt have a clue as to whats going on. And hes an entertainer, ok . He can talk about war and how strong hes going to make the military and the reason hes doing that is because hes never going or these are not his kids or his grandkids. He want people to go to war to fight battles for him. Clinton is not squeaky clean but shes been in the political realm, she has experience and i trust her more than i would trust donald trump with the Nuclear Weapons. Host ok. Patty in virginia. Patty, do you work at the pentagon now . Caller no, i worked there for 20 years. I now work for the director of national intelligence. Host so tell us, patty, whos your choice for commanderinchief . What qualities because of your experience, what qualities does a commanderinchief need to have and do you see that in any of these candidates . Caller yeah. I mean, i have been in washington working National Security for over 27 years now. And i say that the first point i want to make about Hillary Clinton is the only choice for commanderinchief is that she has lived through in the inside on dilemmas facing us over the last 15, 20 years, regarding the changing nature of warfare. She understands that counterinsurgency has nothing to do with the size of the military or the size of our weapons or how many nukes we have or how, you know, how bolster boastful we are about our power. We are bigger than the next seven nations together in terms of our military. So to say that the Obama Administration has torn down the military is ridiculous. Made it smaller, made it smarter, more sophisticated. Hillary has lived all of that. I just want to make a point about benghazi because thats such a red herring for the right. She had nothing to do with the benghazi situation. The support wasnt there. The intel wasnt there to do any kind of warning for what was going to happen at that facility where the ambassador had chosen to visit. And they couldnt call enough military assets fast enough or enough surveillance assets to find out what was going on because they were all in the middle east in other conflicts. So hillary does not control the military surveillance assets. So people are so confused because this has been thrown around like, you know, very irresponsibly that somehow benghazi was also fault. Host patty, can i ask you question . Caller yes. Host who would have been what about the c. I. A. That were in the area and this criticism that a standdown order was given . Caller a standdown from the state department . Host that caller the state department doesnt control the c. I. A. Assets in the area. Host right. Caller so, yeah. So whatever, you know, was going on which will probably continue to be classified was not in Hillary Clintons set of responsibilities as secretary of state. Host ok. Thats patty, pentagon former pentagon employee and now with central intelligence. Is that right, patty . Caller d. N. I. , which is not quite the same thing. Director of national intelligence. Host adam in arlington, virginia, active military. Youre on the air. Caller hi. Im active duty navy. Served on the marine corps. Im an afghanistan veteran. I have to completely disagree with the previous caller. The bottom line is even if hillary did not know about all the details which she did know is that it was not caused by a video and she and her direct people got on National Television and lied to the public about what it was even though she knew. That alone is the problem with benghazi. If you make the wrong decision, you own that decision she want lied to the public. Thats a problem. Host and is that why you would oppose her or are you opposing her for that reason . Caller i dont want to act like i like trump. Hillary and trump, theres both serious character flaws there. I dont believe that hillary is trustworthy. And i think that Donald Trumps a hypocrite and a blowhard. But between the two of them, i would say this. I agree with the previous caller in her statement about the smaller military or the larger military not being a stronger military per se but i would say that under the current conflict, a lot of our military has been defanged. So our rules of engagement, our ridiculous, we got to wait till get shot out before we thats ridiculous. I dont think trump would be as soft as the war fighting policies. I do give him that. And i want to comment on what the military times guy said earlier about the movement. Its kind of a joke among the military but i dont think any of us necessarily think that he would be a viable candidate. Donald trump is already super incorrect. He said some really politically incorrect things. He was too hardcore for the marine corps. So what does that tell you about his chances of getting elected president . Host im going to leave it there. Roy in delaware, retired military. Hi, roy. Roy, are you with us . Caller hello . Host good morning, sir. Youre on the air. Caller hi, good morning. Actually, my name is darrell. Host darrell. Sorry about that. Go ahead. Caller thats all right. One thing i just like to say real quickly in regards to benghazi. If Hillary Clinton in fact had her server, how do we know for sure that her server wasnt hacked and the details of the security of the embassy in benghazi were not lifted off that server which actually prompted that attack in the first place . I think that question hasnt been asked and i think it really needs to be addressed. Host ok. Caller and for one, we sailed that waters in that part of the world. We have a lot of issues not just in the middle east. You have to look at the south china sea, north korea is definitely making some noise. And we have to look at what the russians are doing in the baltic. If we surrendered the baltic waters, whats next . Do we see the entire north atlantic . Youre going to have to make some tough decisions in the future. As soon w that as that house bill gets approved and into president obamas desk. Host roy, who do you think could make those tough decisions . Whos the best person . Caller well, i have to be candid with you, greta can, donald trump is not my first choice but my candidate did not prevail in the process. So the board is going to be easy for donald trump. If you compare with Bernie Sanders or Hillary Clinton, Hillary Clintons judgment alone , i can tell you for a fact that any of us who wore the uniform and took that oath and weve been as careless with these security information as she was, we would be enjoying a long tour of champagne and cake. So we have to ask ourselves as a country, facing facing a reality that were going to have to see the person most likely to surround himself with the people that are going to give him the right advice. Thats got to be donald trump. Host that was darrell, related to what he said, this is a headline in the Washington Times this morning. Chinese fighter jet tracks u. S. War ships. Navy seals, near disputed reef and freedom operation. Cat and mouse games over who controls one of the more strategic waterways escalated as china scrambles to track the s. Warship by a disputed passage ground. And theres also this headline this morning. Hiroshima ropes old wounds. Some may see president obamas trip as apology for the nuclear strike. And it says American Veterans group have urged obama not to visit her shima until the japanese apologizes for the wartime treatment of the prisoners of war. Polls show most japanese expect obama to explicitly apologize for the bombings, many japanese are likely interpret his mere visit as an apology. The white house made clear tuesday that he would not apologize. A couple more calls. Mark in columbia, ohio, retired military. Hi, mark. Youre on the air. Caller hi, greta. I might have jumped the gun. Im not sure but i thought your choice for commanderinchief im a veteran of the United States marine corps for 74 and 79. Host were talking to retired and active military. Caller ok. Im not retired. Im just a veteran. Host ok. Caller i wasnt smart enough to stay. But i have problem with hillary and the helicopter incident, the lying about the helicopter and dodging around. Thats a total insult to all of our veterans who have had to dodge bullets, ok . That will just prove that she will make up something and do anything. How can you trust her . We cant trust her. And its not for donald trump either, hes crazy but at least hes trying to in my opinion, put America First and stop sending our kids over to wars we cant win. I totally disagree with the caller earlier saying that none of them are going to send none of their kids. Neither is hillary, ok . Hillary will not think about sending her only daughter over there. And thats what i think all of these candidates should consider. Is when you vote for war, which one of your relatives will you send to that war . Host ok. Randy in indiana, also retired military. I want to get your voice in. Go ahead. Caller yes. Im a conservative republican. But i wont be voting for either donald trump or Hillary Clinton. I will be voting for a libertarian austin peterson. Host ok. Caller and hes more conservative than donald trump ever thought about being. I see Hillary Clinton and donald trump as two sides of the same coin. Host and randy, and what is that coin . I mean, what are the sides . Caller extremely liberal. Neither one of them have military experience. Neither one of them seem trustworthy in my judgment, as far as backing the military. Donald trump was draft dodger morals. More or else. And Hillary Clinton, you can see with the emails and benghazi. I have no trust in her whatsoever. Host ok. That was randy in indiana. Well have the leave the conversations there. Before we take a quick break, we want to show you an update on president obamas nominee for the Supreme Court. Merrick garland filled out the 141page questionnaire that is custom for nominees to do and it is on the judiciary committees website in case any of you are interested in going through it. As for the questionnaire, it is ainly a detailed recitation of garlands legal career, his nonjudicial writing, his professional affiliations and his record as u. S. Court of appeals judge. When we come back, well speak with representative tom cole, republican of oklahoma, about the meeting between donald trump and Speaker Paul Ryan and later, well continue talking policy and politics with new york democrat Gregory Meeks who sits on the Foreign Affairs and inancial services committee. Book tv has 48 hours of nonfiction books and authors every weekend. Here are some programs to watch for. Don watkins, author of equal is unfair. What were not concerned with is not how much money do you have, but how did you get it . Did you get it through something that was fair or did you get it through a process that was unfair . And when you try to equalize people who earn their money honestly, thats something were challenging and saying thats not a fairway to treat people. He says the American Dream is threatened not by income and equality but by success. On sunday afternoon at 4 30, a war veteran and former c. E. O. Of vets for freedom. He talks about theodore roosevelt, citizenship and a republic address and his rescission for americans today. This book is not about me, about roosevelt. It is a call to action. To me, it is meant to inspire, motivate and remind americans of every generation what makes America Special and that it is worth fighting for. And some of us carried a rifle and many in this generation still do, but you dont have to carry a arrive toll be in the arena. And its our job to instill in every situation the principles that per we have wait an experiment perpetuate an experiment in human freedom. And then aaron mchugh and her book, political suicide. It is filled with budgetary tight ropes and routines, ethical disappearing acts and clowns. Instead, i becomes three rings of horror. Were so feeding by the time the mud is swung, the skeletons will come out of the closet and election day is over that were often exhausted by our new legislatures before they had a chance to start their jobs. She recounts memorable political missteps in American History. Go to book tv. Org for the complete weekend schedule. Washington journal continues. Host back with us is tom cole. Lets talk about your district. I want to show our viewers this is Associated Press video of the latest tornado in elmore city, oklahoma. Thats in your district. Guest correct. Host how are people doing . What happened . Guest theyre doing well. These are always difficult. We had lost some lives. Two people were killed. Some serious damage, fortunately, most of this was in a very rural area. So it wasnt in one of these massive strikes in the metropolitan area in 2013. Its probably our closest calls called ways was the town winniewood of 2,000 people but refinery, oil excuse me. And so you always worry that catastrophic damage would come out. But its the spring. This happens pretty much every spring, someplace in the state and certainly someplace in the region. Were awfully good at it. And we get terrific support. Our First Responders are excellent. The state and federal authorities always do a great job and these folks are pretty tough. Host we saw the tanks. Guest yeah, thats massive. Thats the Largest Holding complex for petroleum in the United States. Theres literally tens of millions of oil there at any given time. Host what kind of vulnerability does the state of oklahoma have to these tornadoes . Guest a lot. Tornadoes cause a lot of damage where they strike. But its not like a hurricane. Its not like a sandy or a katrina. The bad one in 2013 was on the ground for a few a little over half an hour, 45 minutes, 17 miles long. Inside that area, everything is devastated. But immediately outside, everythings fine. So, again, not like a hurricane or something that could put hundreds of thousands of square miles out. Host this is a picture of a citizen cleaning up in texas but it says in the caption that mary foulen declared a state of emergency for 15 counties tuesday the day after two people were killed and the storm system raked the central United States. So because she has declared a state of emergency for those 15 counties, what does that mean for federal money and federal support . Guest well, the still has to sign off on it. And then it goes to the administration to make the decision. Weve always gotten terrific response regardless of the nature of the administration, democrat or republican. People are sympathetic. They understand things like this happens. You are eligible for a variety of loans and disaster clean up, the locality the federal government pays well over three quarters of the burden. So its extremely helpful in getting an area back up on its feet. Host lets turn to politics now. The campaign, Speaker Paul Ryan sat down with the wall street journal yesterday. Heres the headline. Ryan seeks unity for the Republican Party. Was it helpful, hurtful that speaker ryan last week said im not ready to support donald trump . Guest i think probably helpful. I think the speaker put it pretty well went he said lets not pretend year all unified when we know were not. But i think this is a very constructive way to go about it. Lets sit down and have a discussion. Find points of agreements. We dont expect everybody is going to agree on every issue, but, you know, i think this kind of dialogue, particularly between probably the two most important political figures are presumptive president ial nominee and the highest elected republican in the country, the speaker of the house who is in line for the presidency. They need to be working together and be comfortable with one another. They clearly have not known one another. But i thought mr. Trumps response was Pitch Perfect in terms of welcoming that kind of discussion and dialogue and sitting down. So i expect a productive meeting. Process of getting to know one another and figuring out to know one another. And at the end of the day, i think they both arrive at the same point. Honestly, they both need one another in the fall. Pauls main job is to hold the House Majority. And youre not like throw preside over a convention of your nominee and disagree with that or allow a rift to develop between the speaker and the president ial nominee in a fall campaign. Thats just counterproductive to both mr. Trump to win the presidency and to paul ryan. Host if it starts this way and as you just say, it goes on for a while, doesnt that weaken the republicans in the general election . Guest i dont think so. Were all probably pretty shocked at the republican nominating process is over quicker than the democratic process. Theyre still in the middle of campaigns against one another. And running ads at one another. And so, you know, i think this stuff is pretty natural. It was pretty vigorous democratic primary in 2008. I didnt see that it kept people from coming together for then senator obama. I think the same thing will happen here. And theres something deeper at work here. Theres clearly major changes going on in the electorate. And a common anger left and right, quite frankly at washington, d. C. And whether what has or hasnt been done. Thats generated not only donald trump, but Bernie Sanders who is performing much better than most democrats i know anticipated he would. Host whats your advice to donald trump to get folks like speaker ryan and other republicans who say there are principles that im not going to compromise on that make up the Republican Party and they are concerned that donald trump does not share that those same principles. Guest i think donald trump has to show himself to be what he is, which is, i think, a work in progress. Most candidates change over the course of a campaign. And i dont mean that they just learn more and this is the first time candidate at the highest level. So i think youre looking for growth. Youre looking for maturity. Youre looking for inclusiveness. Youre looking for somebody willing to listen to your point of view. I think those things are there. I dont think thats going to be its hard to do. And you can never underestimate, frankly with all due respect, how well Hillary Clinton unifist republicans. So i think its not going to be hard. The choices comes in the postconvention period for everybody are pretty clear. You can vote for Hillary Clinton or donald trump or a third party which will be a dear vote is essentially meaningless, but each american will come to that conclusion. Ryan, hese of speaker does have to think, and i know he thinks more broadly because he represents the House Majority and 240 odd House Republicans who look to him for leadership, so he has a special responsibility, but he has never done anything but discharges as possibilities with integrity and effectiveness, so i think he will do that again. Exit polling from yesterdays nebraska primary for republicans. Ditch eyes with other exit polling during the process. It jives with other exit polling during the process. A significant number of republicans in nebraska are not wholly comfortable with donald trump in the office. Four out of 10 say they would be scared or concerned if mr. Trump gets to be president. Think more are probably scared at Hillary Clinton becomes president. Once the focus is on her, and that is what Republican Voters are thinking about, you will see that real quick. Host what is your advice to fellow republicans . What is your advice to the folks who are all up in november . Uest to be prepared we have not lost a single the primaryet in season, so control things you can control. Make sure your campaign is operational and you have kept in touch with constituents and they know you reflect their views and values. In terms of the president ial, almost overwhelmingly the great majority will support the nominee because they will also be voting for the republican nominee for president. Even in a few cases, people feel like they need to do other things out of principle or out of political expedience, given the nature of their district, i think that is inappropriate for them to do. I think mostpart, republicans will end up supporting the republican nominee. Host donald trump will be meeting with the speaker of the house as well as others in the house and senate on thursday. David, you are up. Democrat, welcome. Caller good morning. You are doing a good job. I just want to say i think the media did a good thing. I have never heard the president in my lifetime, i will be 66 month, talk billy donald trump talks. Talks the way donald trump talks. He calls hillary crooked hillary. I cannot understand how in the world we can have somebody and i like some things he said, if he can do the things he says he can do, kind of like a lot of the other folk. If they are going to do all this stuff, but they dont ever do it. Stayingng just keeps the same way. I dont understand it. What he talkst on about the namecalling. It is unbelievable to me. Guest it is not my style to call people names, but i think right now the tolerance for that is considerably higher because the voters are mad and frustrated, just like you are. They are ready for rough language. There has been rough language from a number of the candidates, not just on the republican side. I cannot tell you that i particularly like that language. One of the reason i like paul ryan is he is uplifting and upbeat personality. ,opefully, it will get better but my hopes are largely centered on the other side of the election. People think the country is going the wrong direction and they really want to shake up washington, d. C. , and they want to do that for the left and right. The rhetoric of the country has been pretty rough for the majority of the time. They called the president of the loser, thatr and a was harry reid talking about george bush, so i do not think this is new with donald trump. It is something i regret. Host cathy in georgia, republican, you are next. Myler thank you for taking call. Donald trump certainly is not my first, second or 15th selection. I am 58yearold woman in georgia. It is a matter of conscience. It is going to be hard for me to and i have been a single republican conservative voter my whole life and it will be really, really hard. Language, i think he is an opportunist, i dont think he is a republican. I voted for every other republican, but i will have to think more than twice to support him. He will be onpe his knees when he goes to talk to paul ryan. We need a true statement. I am ashamed to have him represent our country. Host can you respond to that . Guest that is pretty candid and obviously heartfelt. Cannot disagree with anybody tothe other hand, i look guys like paul ryan and i have a lot of faith in him. He represents the future of the Republican Party to me and i hope the republic itself at one point. You just have to look through these things. That a voter with this level of concern will still go votes. I worry and negative campaigns tend to depress turnout across the board and they get disgusted with both sides. I dont think you will affect the process by not isticipating, so the caller clearly trying to work this through in her own way and to represent her country, and im hoping she wants to make sure she boats and it is registered. We will let the process work out and wherever she ends up will be the right place for her. Host paul ryan, senator ted suspended his campaign, return to the senate. The headline in the wall street defiant ted cruz returns to the senate and he refused again to endorse a donald trump and he seems emboldened by his strong showing in the race and shows no interest in be more accommodating to the washington establishment to campaign against. What would 50 do for the party of senator ted cruz were to say, i am supporting donald trump and i went all of my supporters who voted for me to vote for donald trump . Guest it would be helpful. He did run a terrific campaign. He was the last man standing other than trump himself. D is a bright, articulate and able guy. Said,y, as mr. Trump [indiscernible] i suspect he will weigh what he thinks is the right thing to do. He is a conviction politician. He will also need to think about are betterand it you off having played a role in helping Hillary Clinton become president , i do not think so. I dont think most republicans a want to look in the mirror after we lose the president ial election and say, i enable this. There goes the Supreme Court, the United States senate, we could lose the house in a bad election, so people have to work through these things. Real that these are competitions, tough personally. I have had to do this several times. I understand. At the end of the day, if youre going to be on the republican ticket, either now or in the future and not just on top but on its, you ought to be supporting the other republicans. You can certainly not be afraid to spell out the differences. At the end of the day, if the choice is Hillary Clinton or donald trump, for republicans, that will be an easy choice to make. Host polls that were released yesterday shows the kid being that connect between the front runners with swing states. Take a look at florida, ohio and pennsylvania. You can see that right now, the party front runners are essentially tied. Steve, independent, South Carolina. Caller good morning. Leave out, do not michigan and virginia, who have had more republican turnout in the primaries and they may flip this time. Either way, i went to reiterate i am independent. I am a realist. I will go to the booth in november and push the number with the Constitution Party and that is my way. Oklahoma isst and going to be read and South Carolina is going to be read. That is a given. We have local and state elections also. Here is the problem. Party seems to be in a state of disarray with so many people in the establishment coming out and speaking out against support of donald trump. However, we know that donald trump has energized people to come out and he is mainly responsible for the record voter turnout in the primaries. Does the feeling amongst Trump Supporters that is really not most difference between washington democrats and the and thatn republican, is where the problem is. In the meantime, let me speak to the lack of support by people. Here isford them down my congressman. He has found not to support donald trump. His seat is coming up. Jenny horne, who thousand to support him, will be running against him, and she gained National Petition after the emmanuel conflict with the Confederate Flag down, so she is pretty popular. What does this say for the republicans . Thatme about this notion theres not much difference between washington democrats and republicans and that is why trump is so popular. Extraordinarys an amount of difference. You can look at any survey and voting patterns on the house and senate rolling and find they are farther apart today than they have ever been. Some of the frustration is in the in a system of divided government. Most of the things that people in my area are mad about where the president is concerned happened in 2009 and 2010 when the at the super majority in the senate and a much bigger majority then we have today in the house. That is for you have everything from obamacare to dodd frank. If you look at republicans, they repealed them immediately but it is hard to get past. They also have cut the deficit from 1. 4 trillion to only 430 billion and that is a pretty rapid rise. All the tax cuts expired while president obama was in office and that is 2200 more for every 2000, so makes the it was tax cuts for all americans. They also got the measure of entitlement from last year. I think we have been fighting the good fight. At the end of the day, you have to extract for the time. The other problem is what i would put as an antiestablishment establishment out there today which spends a lot of time convincing republicans that the problem in washington is republicans, but the problem is barack obama if you are a liberal democrat or conservative republican. If you want to get things done and you want to change on a massive scale, one party or the other has to conform all three branches. The American People have been a little schizophrenic about this. They gave the president huge victory in 2008, overwhelming control of the house and senate. Two years later, took the house away from him and narrowed the senate. Then they reelected him in 2012 and they took the house and senate away in 2014, said that suggest a great deal of electorate andhe a lot of changes going on. 60 of the republican conference elected since 2010. The average age of the state senator fell by 17 years. There are lots of new basis and turmoil. I think we are in a prolonged time of realignment and at the are in ae day, people fiery mood right now. That is ok. Sooner or later, they look at the combination that they like and they think is working. They have not gotten there yet. Over time, the system seems to get to where the American People want it to be. I have a lot of confidence in it. Host sarah palin thinks that speaker ryan is the problem in washington and says that she becausek to unseat him he was not getting behind donald trump right away. [laughter] says he has seen a ryansrm that support to comments but he has been favored by 81 of republicans and gop leading independents who are registered voters. Ryan and hispaul family has lived there for generations. He is well known, well respected, wellliked and unloved figure in his area. He is distinguished enough at 45 to be a Vice President ial nominee and the youngest speaker since the mid19th century. That is a heck of a record and im willing to in on my chips on paul ryan anyone trying to defeat them inside or outside of the district. I think the speaker has been honest about this and we should not pretend we are unified when we are not. We need to talk to these issues and find common ground. I think that is what the is doing. He is leading us, which is what he is supposed to be doing. That is a good thing and not a bad thing. Just bear with him. I think people who can watch them operate will note that those of us who have served with them in the house know, a person of great integrity, a thoughtful person and he does the right like almost end, 100 of the time. I dont know if he was an eagle scout, but he should have been. I respect his leadership and i think he will make us a better team in the fall election and that is what matters. Host we will go to cleveland, ohio, joe, republican. Caller good morning. Thank you. I am and 85yearold christian and i have seen a lot of politicians, but lets take politics out for a moment and look at the American Public and what theyre looking at. Number one, i dont know why people that are packing trump are not putting this out there. He just hired more people of diversity than any other person who has run for president in my lifetime. He has done more construction, he knows how to talk to tradespeople, the common man, the educators, he has built off courses, the people hired dark hispanics, asians and africanamericans. He also has the people he has hired are hispanics, asians, and africanamericans. This is an opportunity to be productive, not political, but production. The other issue is the socialist party or the democrats, everyone at the citys going through racism and murders in the black Community End up falling apart economically are all the democratic cities and you make good points. Pointed out. E that is why the American Public is upset. This man that came into office with the promise of making things better has made it so much worse and has stirred up so much hatred between the races. I have never seen anything as disgusting in my life. Thank you and god bless our country. Eloquentrtainly very remarks. I think the point that donald an exceptionally successful business guy is a big part of his appeal. Time he has been outside the political system like the caller suggests and that is to create jobs and opportunities. He has made himself fabulously wealthy, but a lot of other people, too. Americans like that. I have seen no evidence of discrimination of any type inside of his organization. He seems to be surrounded by a lot of people that think highly of him with a diverse background and points of views. He is certainly not the traditional republican. No doubt about that. People always said they wanted someone who does not follow party lines. Here is a guy that does not follow the party lines quite often. I think we will learn a lot more more than ween know today, and he will be confronted with a lot of questions and challenges, contradictions, and every candidate goes through this. Particularly candidates at the highest level. The American People will see the candidates, make a judgment, and if they make a mistake, they fix it in four years. Have a little faith in the wisdom of the american voter. They tend to get us to the right place. Att a tweak for cruz, the end of the day, it is the choice of supporting clinton or the pathological liar, narcissist, and serial philanderer. What to you make of those comments . Guest it makes the point that you ought to be careful of your language and the political campaign. 17 people were running for the you are going to be confronted with choice. You all signed a pledge, so i try to be measured, particularly in the contest with other republicans, because at some point, you want that friendship. If you are fortunate to be the playee or if you want to by the rules of the game, you will have to be willing to support the person your own party chose. Each candidate has to work in their own way. I would be awful careful about rhetoric. You can be sharp about issues, nothing wrong with that. We have candidates that if you followed them over their career, at one point, mr. Cruz said wonderful things about mr. Trump. Trumpd not excuse mr. From this situation. Basing to have given as good as they got, rhetorically, but at the end of the day, they will be offronted with this dilemma what you support Hillary Clinton or rally around the person that the party, that you are part of, chose . I think youre better off to play within the rules of the game and accept the verdict of the voters. Host we will hear from alice, democrat, ohio. Caller good morning. I have a question about supporting donald trump. What group could possibly listen to his language and except that as it being ok for their children to listen to . That boggles my mind. If you could give me an answer, i would appreciate it. Guest i would agree with your point. I wish the language were different in this campaign, but if you are voting evangelical or not, why would you support americanwho put security at risk, frankly breaking their words to the president about that . Why would you support some of you engineered a reckless work in libya that opened up isis . Why would you support someone who [indiscernible] projecting power to the middle east in a way they have not since the 1970s and doing loop the loops . I think there is a lot more serious issues here than just language. There are going to be sharp differences. No questions about that. It will be a hardfought campaign. Both are entering the general election. It is the first time in American History that that has happened, that the boat is upside down. , about onel recently third of the electorate cannot stand either one of them. That goes from republicans, democrats and independents. They will decide who wins the election. You do not know if they will stay home, but for the lesser of two evils, change their mind, or come out one way down the ballot and another way . We do not know. As manynow that americans as possible should exercise and go to the polls and choice. This will be a consequential election. It will almost certainly should the Supreme Court for generations. Control of the senate is at stake. I think in election this volatile, control of the house is also at stake. If you liked 2009 and 2010, you may want to vote democratic. If you want to really change the system, i think some are better off with trump or a next her term of president obama. They could change status quo election. Hillary clinton is very much the status quo candidate. She has positioned herself that way. The country needs to decide if they want to change directions. I saw Something Like this in 1980. You remember how close it was withen carter and reagan the republican split and John Anderson running as independent. The American People will go up the day before the election and said, we have doubledigit interest rates, doubledigit inflation, i will try the cavalry, and they did and they liked what they got and they got change. I did not know if this is the same parallel but i think it is the same volatility. Host richard, florida, independent. Go ahead. Caller good morning. The people who have spoken to not want donald trump. If ryan cannot get on board, he needs to resign and you were talking about when the republicans took the house and senate, well, when they took the house, Speaker Boehner said that he was going to secure the border, which he did not two, he would be funded obamacare, which he did not to, and said he would cut the budget 100 billion, which he did not do. These two parties are basically one party. The overall objective is to keep the power away from the people. What thed up with government has friend, basically by attorneys, that tried to convince people that right is wrong, wrong is right good is bad, bad is good. They talk out of both sides of their mouth and say the same thing. Host lets have the congressman respond. Should speaker ryan resign if he cannot get behind donald trump . Absolutely not, and first of all, i think he will, so i speculate, but the districts he is accountable to made him speaker. Degree ofhigh confidence behind him. Cut think john boehner did the budget by the way. The deficit is down on an annual basis. We are spending less money than we did in 2008 and that is what the caller was talking about. It was entitlements that did not get reformed. In terms of these other things, i know john boehner, with all due respect, never made any claim he could secure the border. Third lled one excuse me, one half of one third and he did not have the senate almost every day of the speaker. Tax cuts forent everybody, including the caller, he got entitlement reform, so it is a record to be proud of. You cannot promise that the senate is going to do, let alone with the president of the United States is going to do. If you want the kind of change the caller talked about, he needed to win the 2008 election. Andot majority of the house that was Pretty Amazing given the scope of the victory, over 5 million votes. Their appeal of obamacare to the president and the be towed it. He vetoed the planned parenthood funding. The keystone pipeline, he vetoed it. It suggests to me that the problem is not what congress is doing. It is a different point of view. In our system, he has the right to veto legislation and we do not have votes to override it. Is for the American People. The president got elected there and square. They are different parties and different points of view. Host jackie in georgia, democrat. Coler hi, representative , how are you . Guest very good, thank you. Caller good. My question is if republican policies are so great, can you tell me why all red states are the poorest in the nation . Guest i dont think all are. We have 31 governors right now, and i dont think we have 31 poorest states in the country. We are successful in lots of different parts of america. With all due respect, i disagree with your premise. Host diana, virginia, republican. Caller i have a question in regards to someone is looking at Donald Trumps financial standing . He has seems that really spending so much money and he is not [indiscernible] and this whole thing with trump elected, ifif he is he is prosecuted or found guilty is president , so i wonder if people are really looking into his financial standing and if that could impact him . Because i certainly did not want the president that is a fraud. Guest there is only one candidate involved in an fbi investigation, Hillary Clinton and not donald trump, but believe me, there is enormous. Crutiny under way every penny that is being spent, researchg being done, is being done by both parties. Believe me, the fbi, the last time i heard, had over 200 Members Associated with the ,ntegrity section that looked particularly congress, but if there is something wrong out there, there is a pretty good chance it will be exposed. Host before you go, it is believe to i refuse i refuse to believe that the last sane republican guest i try to respect everybody in the process. With secretary Hillary Clinton. I do not believe she was a good secretary. And i havey disagree seen them moved further and further to the left as she has chased Bernie Sanders. You, you weresk the one that supported the idea of a contested convention and possibly having paul ryan as the nominee. Guest [laughter] i think that is dead. First of all, paul ryan to not want to do that. Close does not count. It is not horseshoes. You have got to get the number, but with no opposition in the field, trump had two states last night, note reason to think he will not have this before the seventh of june, so i think he is the presumptive nominee at this point. Host thank you for being here. We will take a break. When we come back, we will talk with Gregory Meeks and get his take on the democratic primary contests. Continued with m. I. T. Technology review. The story about new Technology Despite the self annihilating mosquito. We will be right back. A,this sunday night on q and historian add them and his book a historian and this book on the spanish civil war. This happened in spain when all of the country and officers tried to seize power and in parts of the country succeeded in season power in season power and it sent a shockwave alarm throughout the world because here is a major country in europe, the rightwing military quickly backed by mussolini, who sent armed airplanes, pilots, tanks, take drivers and miscellany sent 80,000 grand troops. They made a grab for power. Thate all over the world it thought to be resistant, if not here, where . Sunday night at 8 00 eastern on cspans q a. Www. Cspan. Org is a video rich library to your cspan viewing. Most of our programs, like the house, senate and congressional hearings stream live on the site , so if you have no television, you can watch on your desktop, laptop, smartphone and tablet. Cspan archives have all the programs online in the cspan Video Library, so if you miss an episode of washington journal or any program, find it online and watch at your convenience. In fact, the cspan Video Library contains more than 200,000 hours of cspan programs and the Search Engine helps find and watch programs going back many years. To watch on your television, just go to the on air schedule for all networks and the radio station. It is a Public Service for your cable or satellite provider. Check it out. It is on the web at www. Cspan. Org. Washington journal continues. Host back at our table, congressman Gregory Meeks, democrat of new york. He is also the Congressional Black Caucus chair. Lets begin with Foreign Affairs. There was a profile of ben rhodes recently, who is president obamas Foreign Policy guru, theecurity aspiring novelist who became his foreignpolicy guru is the title of that piece. National review says that this profile confirms what many experts have said that about the Obama Administration. The profile is important because it explains the unprecedented thick, deceitfulness and extreme partisanship Barack Obamas Security Council and further reveals that the president has a lot his National Security staff to run foreignpolicy. Guest that is ridiculous. I think that if you look at, and i did extensive review and work several times on our allies all over the world as to what was important. Importantremendously was iran not have a Nuclear Weapon. When you look at the policy that they have articulated, he has put in a strong policy were iran will not get a Nuclear Weapon. People forget it is the Obama Administration with the sanctions program that was unprecedented. To the point where they would get at the table and negotiate with iran, some believe it is as a result of not agreeing to have Nuclear Weapons. Weve recently toward the middle east and even those countries, that initially what a gift to the agreement, basically what they said was a disc important to make sure iran has no Nuclear Weapon and now it is important to Work Together to make sure that they appear to the deal and we must move on. We have other issues we have to deal with but i think that clearly, they are making sure that iran has no Nuclear Weapons and it is important for us and our allies. Host the speaker of the house wrote an opinion piece saying that iran is not adhering to the deal. This is what he writes everything the administration told us about the deal is starting to unravel. The administration assured us that they could reimpose snapback sanctions if iran cheated. Tash guest i think we have to separate the facts from fiction. The deal we had was to ensure that iran does not obtain Nuclear Weapons. Is Atomic Commission inspecting and iran has agreed to allow inspections and to make sure they are not doing anything allain a Nuclear Weapon and of that has still been adhered to. Those agreements have been adhered to. The treaty is concerned, thus far, i know that one of our strongest allies also has intelligence and is watching it iran tries to obtain nuclear agreements. Israel, for example, [indiscernible] and no country has said that it has been violated. Iranve got to focus on Ballistic Missiles and things of those natures. Let them know in regards to other areas. Host we know that in five years to eight years, the International Ban on weapons will be lifted. We know that in 10 years to 15 years, most limits on iranian guest if we do not continue to talk and negotiate, they say the only answer is war. What the Obama Administration is saying is we need cap an alternative to war. War is not good. To have that dialogue is positive. It is similar if you go back in time to where we were with the soviet union when their biggest enemy clearly was the soviet. Nion, but we did not go to war we continued to talk and try to work it out to avoid war. If there are continued aggressions, and you have no options, then you have to be ready to fight, but this policy always comes first. I think what the Obama Administration has pursued is being opposed to war first, and then when you have to do what you have to do, with no specifications, then you are prepared. But dialogue, conversation, working and trying to have a safer world is what is tremendously important. I think that is the right way to go. We saw it took place in iraq, should have learned from past mistakes. Host the Foreign Affairs committee having a meeting tomorrow on the risk of Economic Engagement with iran. What are the risks for you . Guest anytime we have diplomacy, there are risks that the diplomacy does not work. I can recall i was reading a book on john f. Kennedy and an atomicrisk that bomb would go off. We were in school at the time and they were doing drills. And we try to figure out how to avoid it, so the risk is greater without dialogue, without diplomacy of having catastrophic deaths and injuries with war. The risk oforth trying to have conversation so that we can prevent war than to just make it i do not like you and were going to go to battle. Host lets go to joe in maryland, democrat. Caller good morning. I have been watching politics ever since eisenhower was promoted into office. Person whor seen a is more qualified than Hillary Clinton and the Democratic Party is not standing behind her they are letting these unfounded allegations go by without even saying a word. Why arent the democrats getting behind her . Because theres nothing the people are saying that she has done that has ever stuck. No one has proven anything against her. Host what democrats are not getting behind her . Caller none of the democrats are getting behind Hillary Clinton. They are not fighting some of the allegations. The person that was set up to be the first speaker before ryan, he even came out and said that we are the things were doing about benghazi are working against her. Host i understand what you are saying. You agree with them . Guest no. I think we are solidly behind Hillary Clinton. She has got more votes than anybody in this election cycle from democrats. It is clear that in democratic primaries, Hillary Clinton has won them and by huge margins. Ofm a firm supporter hillarys. You have seen what she did in my district in new york. Anytime you look at her state and states that democrats, they are coming out and supporting her. I agree with the caller that mr. Mccarthy gave away a secret and that was that republicans had a plan to come up with not substantiated garbage to try to get away from substance of issues, and that is not going to work and that is why Hillary Clinton will be the democratic nominee and the next president of the United States. Host what to make with Bernie Sanders and another win in West Virginia . Guest again, i look at what the secondplace of what 2008 at the same time. She still has a bigger lead them barack obama had on her at the time. You look at the numbers and the numbers show you purely where it is headed as far as hillary being the next nominee for the democrats. I think Bernie Sanders has brought interest for young people and that is a good thing. Wille and, Bernie Sanders urge his supporters to support Hillary Clinton, just as hillary did with barack obama in 2008. Hear what the independent senator had to say after he won. [video clip] me be asnders let clear as i can be. We are in this campaign to win the democratic nomination. [applause] and we are going to fight for every last vote in oregon, kentucky, california, the dakotas [applause] we fully acknowledge we are good at arithmetic that we have an up hill climb ahead of us. But we are used to fighting uphill climbs. [applause] we have been fighting uphill from the first is this campaign when people considered us the fringe candidacy. [applause] antimessage to the democratic delegates that will be assembling in philadelphia, while they may have many disagreements with Hillary Clinton, there is one area that we agree, and that is we must defeat donald trump. [applause] host what you make of that last part of his speech . What do you think he is signaling . Went he is signaling that Hillary Clinton becomes the nominee, so he is keeping his people wound up and ready to go, and that is not bad thing, but in the end, i think he understands the numbers in the end. But he has got to do is to make sure we are together with one common opposition and that is donald trump. Host if supporters do not get in line, how concerned are you that that could get the election to donald trump . Washington times, trump closes gap between clinton in florida. 43 of sanders supporters in West Virginia said that they would vote for donald trump if he is not the nominee. Guest i am not concerned at all. People Hillary Clintons said that they would not vote for barack obama. When you put up Hillary Clinton against donald trump and you focus on the issues and what is important for the country, i am confident that the American People know that Hillary Clinton is Better Qualified and this is important. This is not a Reality Tv Show and that they are going to vote for Hillary Clinton. Ende is no question on my that we are not going to have to [indiscernible] and he knows how to bring up tv ratings and that is what a lot of the Cable Television shows have higher ratings because they want to be entertained as supposed to the subject of debate. The you are talking about president of the United States, you cannot get away with just calling peoples names. You have to look at the pattern of donald trump. Anytime he is talking about budget, taxes, Foreign Policy, he gets tripped up and talks over himself, so to divert from talking substance, he gets back to personal insults, namecalling, etc. Because you cannot build issues that are important to the American People. When we get into the debate, once again past the democratic and republican conventions, americans are going to zoom in. The rest of the world has already assumed in because most of the world is ahead and they are amazed that he is gone as far as he has. Gwen, alabama, democrat. Caller good morning. I want to make this point. I am so glad that you are bringing valid points this the news media because we are tired of the rhetoric the news media is throwing around. [indiscernible] got people not doing their jobs. Point, it ise this not about Hillary Clinton but about white men. , a man that is going to run for president of the United States to stand up and daughters,your granddaughters, mothers, nieces, are you going to vote for him . What does that mean about the man in america that you will not stand up against a man running who is holding all kinds of grudges . Racism, donald trump is bringing out the lowlifes in the worst in america as voters. I will be real when i say this, it is not about hillary. Bill clinton had an affair on hillary. Not go out and lay down with nobody. I know nobody in america is going to stand up and allow nobody to say that when a man cheats on me, i am going to be over. That you would take a woman and make her responsible for what a man due to her, what is wrong with these men in america . Host ok. Congressman . Uest i appreciate the caller if i was back home at my church, i would say amen. This is donald trump who cannot debate substance. He knows that. Will not be able to defeat Hillary Clinton when it comes to these issues. What do you do when you know your abilities and you know you do not have the ability to do . A smokescreen and he throw something up in the air. That is exactly what he did in the republican primary. Not onnot ons he won substance but party people names. He tells you. Substance. Just think about it. Any issue that he talks about, either he did not have an answer or he contradicted himself. He says one thing and he came back and said something else, so he is all confused with the issues because he does not now. What does he do . Only thing he knows, type calling folks names, insulting said. What the caller he went after cruzs father in wife. You expect people to forget that . No. There are going to be issues that determine who the next president of the United States is. Issues, that is what is important. That is the debate that has to happen. Host leonard, san diego, republican. Caller i have had my coffee, so i am ready. Host all right. A wakeup call and i am a republican. Although, i did prefer president kennedy. I thought he was probably the best democratic resident we have had in the past 60 years. This is a wakeup call to the republicans. Hillary clinton will pick Bernie Sanders as the Vice President , and that will lock up the nomination and i will tilt america completely to the democrats. And that is just the way it is going to be. Host i want to take your prediction. To you agree that Hillary Clinton should pick senator sanders . Guest i think that is absolutely up to Hillary Clinton. She will make the determination under she thinks of be the best running mate. I have absolute confidence in whomever she selects. She is a brilliant woman. She knows politics well. She also knows how to get this country and keep it on the right path. Themamazed when i hear talk about the continuation of barack obama or not, and i think about it. I think about when bill clinton was president. He inherited a weak economy from and he turned the economy around. We have the stalinist the economy have had. And that we had eight years of we had the strongest economy we have had. Then we had eight years of george w. Bush. And then we had the greatest recession since the great depression. 750 thousand jobs a month, so that tells you right there that bad economy, democrat , good economy, republicans, bad economy, and barack obama to not create the bad economy, but he inherited it. Lasthas happened over the eight years . Unemployment has gone down to 5 . Have increased. They still want to do more, but he has turned that around. Gas prices are lower than they have ever been, so barack obama was inherithas done the worst economy since the worst recession caused by the and has turned it around. We want to keep this country moving in the right direction. We need top continue with Hillary Clinton. Sandersat about bernie and his conversation . This year, bernie will have an even greater strengthening total of Economic Justice . Hillary has except it was good and that will be part of reduce. Ly have to they have to keep up folks from being successful in our country. Elias woman making . 64 on the dollar to a black man makes question mark makes . Why are there still barriers there . Those of the barriers that are left that have to be broken and that is what hillary is talking about. You can just talk about and that is what we need as president of the United States. Host we will go to an independent. Caller listen, i am going to vote [indiscernible] they will negotiate [indiscernible] host congressman . Guest number one, we cannot withdraw. What they have to do is make sure that they noticed the weaknesses but he hasnt improved mexicos part in nafta, so the point is to look at what we learned. We have to figure out how to engage and we have to lead the world. , i keep not lead hearing individuals talk about china and we dont what china to and we have to do it smartly. Secretary clinton has indicated there are things she wants to do to improve it. The president obama has we keep having the standard scale up and up. If you look at some of the scenarios that we have had around the world, with job loss, a lot of them were traded agreements come it started in the 70s. I talked to amanda used to work in ohio at a car manufacturing job, he lost his job in the 1970s when plants started to close. That had nothing to do a trade agreements. I dont know if Technology Makes a difference, too, do we have to figure this out . And yes. We want to make sure we are preparing people for the new and high tech jobs. We have work to do. I have confidence that we will get it done. We have had these things before, when america chain from agricultural to manufacturing society. Change, i not want to have all the confidence in the world. We will make this transition, and we will be just fine. Democrat in new york, go ahead. Hillary made the worst decision in the history of our country by decision to go to war with iraq. That cause the lives of 4500 , when iraq had no weapons of mass destruction. When she called the affair with Monica Lewinsky a rightwing conspiracy . Benghazi, ation in every stage of her career she made wrong decisions. She is not capable of being president of the United States. Everyone has a vote that he or she may want to take back. She said she is now looking back, that she wishes she would have voted the other way. I was one who voted the other way. I know that at the time i voted, i wasnt sure that it was the. Ight float info i made a vote and i had people on my staff that were both ways. My gut told me the right vote was a vote no and history would tell you whether you voted the right way or not. You either did or didnt. I think hillary she did what she thought was the right way then it turned out that it was wrong. She was Strong Enough to say she made the wrong vote, and made and moved on. Worked with her in new york. I saw how hard she worked, i saw how diligent she worked. Meetings,ame toward she was always prepared, she always had suggestions and recommendations on how we could make the state at her. There is no question that she is prepared and ready and will make great decisions for our country. Which theyimes in wish they had made a different decision. Host republican, marietta, georgia. Caller good morning. It pains me to hear you talk about the line on iran. Were told that there would be an imminent war with iran. That is not the case. They are not a superpower. Its a disgrace, and what this administration did was fund terrorism. We are in a recession right now. The First Quarter of this year was half a point growth, so i really think that maybe there are more problems with the economy then you what you are deluding too. Inc. You for your time. Group they, the we arewas two points, out of the great recession. Any economist will tie you that will tell you that. Clear, 74ce is consecutive months of job creation. Job growth at our and what our growth has been, it is still stronger than any other country on the planet. We are leaving in that regard. Are we where we want to be . Absolutely not. I believe we need Hillary Clinton to take us to the next step, that we dont go back to where we were. The policies of the republicans in the past dictate that we will lose because that is what has happened. Economy, we bad were going into deficits. Nobody has spent more than george bush. We had a balanced budget under bill clinton. It is clear to me that if you want to talk about the economy, all of the evidence shows that you need a democrat at the head. George w. Bushs role in the recession. He said can you do what explain what bush did to cause the housing bubble and inflation . We can talk about this, that you appoint and put in charge of the values agencies that we are supposed to overlook all of the scenarios that we had. And be able to discern that there was a bubble coming and do something about it. People important that you put in place with the regulatory agencies. George w. Bush was the president at that time. Placek a lot of what took , enough blame for everybody to take. The redp gullet the weulatory agencies analyzed, could have avoided some of the problems that we had. Host the congress have oversight of those regulatory agencies . Guest and we did. We had eight years of george w. Bush, and sex of those eight years we had republican majorities. They control the house and the senate for six of those eight years. Host robert, connecticut, democrat. Caller thank you. I want to ask the representative that theu agree clintons do more to her labor than scott walker ever thought thereng and yet you sit and want to support her when Bernie Sanders does not take one dime from wall street. Host mr. Meeks . Guest you will see Barry Sanders and Hillary Clinton and all of the people who support sanders come together. We know that Hillary Clinton will be better for the economy, labor. If you dont have jobs labor cannot work. She will be better than donald trump. We are on the same team. Bernie sanders and Hillary Clinton, we are on the same team. We understand that. There is a tough battle in 2008. It was one of the toughest races there was a weekend together. This is a tough out. We know that our Core Principles are the same. Those who are supporting Bernie Sanders, those who support Hillary Clinton, we will be together and focused and do the right thing for this country. Hillary clinton is the best person to be elected come on america, this is the greatest country in the world. Sickest person to be the next president. People make mistakes in life. Nobodys life is perfect. Justin, republican in akron, ohio. Caller good morning. Pleasecould please pacific. I keep you in this same gray matter from the Republican Party. Are bear barriers to africanamericans gaining equality. Law,ou give me a specific what is it youre talking about that is stopping a black man or woman or anybody from achieving what it is they want to achieve. If you just go to some of our public schools, you will see that. I know there are not the same school system, the dollars that are into the schools that may or may not flow. You look at the criminal justice system. ,here are laws on the books thats why we have to have criminal justice reform. Africanamericans are disproportionately put into jails, where others whom may have had a similar background in situation are not. Today in america, believe it or not, we could have two people who are similar league we madeased upon a lot of improvements. I dont want to take away from the. To think that we are not a now a country that race is not matter, we are misleading ourselves. The key is confronting those barriers, discriminatory stillces, the laws are discriminating against people color. Thats why we were to try to reform them and try to change them. To me, thats the beauty of the country. You can have something that is we have thet policies in place and the ability of place to change them countrythem and to make the greatest country this planet has ever seen. Had,ers that women have what women make in comparison to a white male. We have to change that. Its a barrier and it hurts families. If you look at what an African American male makes is less. Thats a barrier. We have to change those things. We have the ability to do that. In some countries, the ability would not exist. We have made a lot of progress, but we still have a lot of work to get done. Host steve, a democrat in philadelphia. Caller good morning. I would like to ask mr. Meeks a question. Why take the chance on a candidate like Hillary Clinton, that has all this baggage, and if she goes up against donald trump. Excesshas all of this baggage like this morning, i just heard on the news that second to her, secretary of , all the information on his emails has disappeared. Me, i want somebody who will win the campaign. And i wanted democratic president in there to do a job like the present we have in there now. My question is, dont you think that if she runs against donald trump she is going to be what donald trump did to his primary Republican Party runnerup, runners, he is doing worse. There is no question in we will talk about who is the best qualified to be president of the United States. Everyone will say it is Hillary Clinton. There is no question that the strategy,rategy because they know Hillary Clinton is the best qualified to be president of the United States. , as mynt about creating colleague Kevin Mccarthy talked about, benghazi, which they now that Hillary Clinton was not responsible. This was a way to try to just beat her up and go after her. So that you could try to go after her credibility. Confidence in the American People that they will see through that smokescreen. Everything they have attempted to throw up against Hillary Clinton everything has proven not to be true, whether you talk hours answering questions before the committee on benghazi. A lot of garbage been brought up in proven not to be true. Sometimes a they do is they continue to throw it out, the news media continues to report it. I am confident them only get into the oneonone debates that the American People will see the substance of Hillary Clinton. The plan of Hillary Clinton, to break down barriers and to lead. His country she has had relationships with people around the world. With donald trump, all he can do is fling names. I dontthe block want someone who cannot talk substance who to lead the nation and lead me. Donald trump is great at doing the donald. If you want someone who has substance to protect the country , and moving on with the great economy. There is only one person that is best equipped with the experience, the ability. Only a person. And thats Hillary Clinton. Call fromless forward, texas, republican. S kim how may jobs president obama has created. I dont think obama owns a private business. Guest you look at the jobs that have been created for the eight numbers. Cord months we have created president obama and the private sector has created jobs. Its several million jobs that have been created under president obama as opposed to george w. Bush when he left, we were losing 750,000 jobs a month. I would rather take the average of 200,000 200 thousand jobs jobs a than the 750,000 month that we were losing in the Bush Administration and six of those eight years, republicans were in control of the house and the senate. I dont want those policies. Those policies are not good for america. I would rather have a policy that we are creating jobs and the record speaks for itself. Host congressman, thank you for this morning. When we come back to magazine series continues with a look at m. I. T. Technology review story on new technology to fight , aaria, the Invention Technology that can kill off mosquitoes and they could eradicate america. Back after this quick break. On American History tv on cspan3, there has never been a full Public Accounting of fbi to operations. This committee has undertaken such an investigation. Real america, 1975 Church Committee hearing convened to investigate the activities of the cia, fbi and nsa. The commission questions , detailingtaffers fbi abuses including attempted intimidation of Martin Luther king junior. You have just 34 days in which to do it. This exact number is being selected for a specific reason, it was 34 days before the award. You are done. James adams admits to some of the excesses while defending a number of other cap practices. Edited 00 in lectures in ortory, we may see a death two. They see hundreds. They are the first see the pattern or shift in how people are going out of the world. They are the ones who sound the alarm. Steven barry on the role of the corner on how they shed light on the emerging patterns of death within a society and spot attentional threats to public health. Sunday evening at 6 30, john kerry who served in the vietnam war and later become became a vocal opponent of the war shares his views on vietnam in austin, texas. Our veterans did not receive the welcome home their the benefits or the treatment that they not only deserved but needed. The fundamental contract between soldiers and government simply was not honored. Then at 8 00, on the presidency. One person watching tv watched reagan deliver this each , it was dwight eisenhower. He immediately called his former attorney general and said what a fine speech Ronald Reagan has just delivered. He then called a former special assistant and said what an excellent speech Ronald Reagan had delivered. Back, aisenhower wrote multistate political plan for Ronald Reagan to follow your it reagan would end up following eisenhowers advice to the letter. The author examines eisenhowers behindthescenes mentoring of Ronald Reagan and the pivotal role the former politicalaid in his evolution in the 1960s. For the complete American History tvs schedule to cspan. Org. Host we are back with antonio ,egaldo joining us from boston the extension extinction invention and Genetic Technology that could kill off mosquitoes and could eradicate malaria. Is it too risky to overuse is the question he poses. Let me begin with just showing malaria by the numbers. These are 2015 numbers. Twitter 14 million cases globally, for best 430,000 deaths globally. What is malaria . Figuretheres another out there is that malaria has killed more people in the history of humanity than any other disease. Singles single cell parasite, it is spread by the female mosquito. Spreads the parasite from person to person. It gets into your bloodstream and invades the red blood cells. Causesroys them and that the famous symptoms of malaria, fever, sweating and headaches and in children it can cause death. There are drugs to treat it. How is it that mosquito started spreading this that hit has become deadly guest . Way back in time, the parasite probably jumped from ape over to men. Sthat happened many of thousands of years ago. It is a natural lifecycle of this parasite. It needs a human host to live and it is spread by mosquitoes. Host why are so many killed in africa . We have mosquitoes here in the United States, yet were not fighting malaria here. Why is it in tropical africa . Mapt if you look at a heat and the climate that is best for mosquitoes and where people are most,g it bits in the thats really where these mosquitoes are most active. But also, these are some of the poorest countries on her. They dont have strong governments, Good Health Systems and the drugs are reaching people. Mismanagement of of things that so many people are dying. Last year a few countries managed to eradicate malaria including my morocco. Its easier to push back malaria at the edges than it is in the center and africans. The u. S. Got rid of merit malaria in the middle of the 20th century. His sermons of a problem in africa. Host is it a certain type of mosquito we dont have in the u. S. . Guest there are about 3500 types of mosquitoes in the world, 30 spread malaria. In africa, aroblem group of mostly related mosquitoes are to blame. In india and southeast asia, there are different. In the u. S. , we dont have these pieces of mosquito and thats why theres no malaria here. Host you begin your piece for m. I. T. Technology review writing, the price tag for eradicating is expected to be 115 billion over the years. Host that brings us to this new technology. Guest the technology that we wrote about is called the gene d ri is inve. Idea, it is a way to spread a gene through a population of mosquitoes. Scientists working with mice, they can genetically engineer the maestro have it right there in front of them. If youre talking about mosquitoes, how do you change the dna . Thats what this invention does, changereads the genetic through reproduction of mosquitoes. It is kind of like out locomotive and pushes through the mosquito population. Are talking people about most are genes that are , potentiallyitoes drive this type of merck mosquito to extension. Host a self annihilating mosquito. Guest the biggest funder of this technology is the bill and Melinda Gates foundation in seattle, the foundation of microsoft launder bill gates. He and his foundation have been funding this technology for a little over 10 years. They have spent about 44 million, which is not a lot from the Gates Foundation perspective, but it is a lot for technology. Is run out of london out of imperial college. It is a big program. They have concrete plans to release them in africa in the future. Host when could they be released . What are the risks . Guest there are a ton of contingencies, has a technology is only being developed right now. The Gates Foundation to put foundationbusiness a Business Plan here they are looking at releasing the technology and or by 2029. In africa. In terms of the risk, we are talking that something people have never been able to do before, change the genetics of all species, including eradicating them. The biggest risk is the unknown, its never been done before. Scientists really dont have all the answers, so people who criticize this technology will probably focus on the question of unknowns. What happens when you get rid of the mosquitoes . Are there birds that defend on them depend on them for food . A gene that kills mosquitoes, what if it jumps to another species is another concern people have. Host we are taking your questions and comments on this fight against malaria. , in theincludes zika news as well. Our guest this Antonio Regaldo this morning. And, the article. S the extinction, invention you talk about disrupting echo systems. Who would have or what country would have the moral or Legal Authority to do that that would impact countries around the world . Guest even more about what happens if we get rid of the species of mosquitoes is the question about releasing a technology that was spread moves borders, mosquitoes in that will fly to one country and another. Agreement oft the inrybody, especially subsaharan africa, the biggest country. Permission of . Peoplethe big issue that will be talking about. The National Academies of science is working on a report in washington on gene drives. They may weigh in. Really the debate that we have never had before, which is who has the moral authority to eradicate a species on earth . Host is the u. S. Or other companies in the u. S. That are doing the miller work with mosquitoes doing similar work with mosquitoes, these other mosquito borne diseases . Three or fourre different technologies that are involved in technology, to fight zika and malaria. Jean drive is the most radical of them. A company there is testing another genetically modified mosquito, offspring said dont live live very long. You have to release millions of , you can the mosquito population. To beompany has applied trying it out in florida. There has been some opposition to that. The government recently put out an opinion that the technology looks safe, so that may go forward as well. Host you had a recent headline in Technology Review, mosquitoes are quietly being tested in the United States. That speaks to the diversity of technologies that youout there, as soon as say anything is genetically modify, you people getting worried about it, and a lot more regulations. Bacteria, a and a lot of in six have this parasitic bacteria that just lives inside their cells. It has been added to the tiger it renders them still. Because this is not genetic genetic engineering per se, its regulated by the epa as a pesticide. Nobody really noticed but that test went ahead. Those mosquitoes spread some animal diseases, we dont have that kind of intensity as thez ika. You also wrote in a different piece for Technology Review online about this asian tiger mosquito noting that the mosquitoes blamed for an out , 30 epa iswaii regulating it. The u. S. In is this in an effort to move ahead and preparation that zika does reach the United States . Ast bengay fever is also i is also a better problem then zika. Thent really know companys motivation for testing the insects in the u. S. Its an interesting situation in florida. The main opponent is a real estate broker. Concern is their they dont want these pests happening because it was; i had a disease problem. They think it is bad publicity for florida. Lets get to calls. Henry in pittsburgh. Caller good morning. Why cant we use the technology we used 100 years ago to eliminate malaria in pittsburgh and chicago and thats ddt . A wonder chemical, very effective at killing mosquitoes, still use in some parts of the world but abandon others. Ddt, it builds up in the , we have a problem lots of bald eagles and environmental problems. Get the technology that is very effective and yet it is not used everywhere because of these environmental concerns. Host oscar in vienna, virginia. Good morning. Caller im just wrecked that this gentleman studies with m. I. T. Or represents m. I. T. Bookt got the reading the the brothers. Its intriguing how they can infiltrate countries with Companies Like united. In africa, these governments have toppled. You can read about it. You can attract so much attention to mosquito, and yet you cant have a company go in there and help them grow fruit, if you can topple governments why are you dealing with mosquitoes. Think about it. I guess i can answer that with a related antidote. Bill gates is developing this mosquitoes, that would spread the deaths against the self annihilating mosquito. Their plan is to put it in africa. They will have to get the african government to agree. In africa on the ground as well as the nonprofit and gaos come a lot of them are opposed to genetic engineering. Just this year bill gates. A letter about but analysts but about bananas. There was a huge opposition to this like it was the most evil thing ever. On the ground in africa, there are all caps at different points of view and not all of them are favorable to bill gates, genetically modified mosquitoes or bananas. Are you write in your piece that officials in the u. S. And elsewhere worried that it might be a little too easy, this technology. The fbi is looking into whether gene drives could be misused to create a designer play. Guest thats what is a little bit scary. This is powered by a new technology called jean at a date gen editing. When i visited londone to visit scientists that have done most of the work in the lab was a 27 euro kit. E is done yearold kid he is in most of the work. Thats the power of the technology, and it is a little bit scary and the government is looking into it. The power the individuals now have to reshape the environment through genetic engineering. It is a problem. The technology can be used for good and for bad. How do we control what individuals decide to do with that. Right now it is restricted to university labs, students getting their phds. You could never now. There could be a bad actor somewhere and the risk is the technology could be used for terrorism, for criminal purposes. Host you are right about a disastrous play. What can you put in a mosquito . You could change them mosquitoes to poison people, someone said. That is never quite happened. Imagine you can create a gene drive, you could release the plague if you wanted to on some other countries. The u. S. And most other the bios have signed weapons convention. We dont develop biological weapons. There is nothing to stop an individual from doing it and that is a problem. Host martha in virginia beach, good morning to you. Caller good morning. Years ago, i worked in hematology lab. We used to see people that were , they Foreign Services would come into the hospital where i were worked. I saw a tremendous amount of when youo had malaria did a differential. You could see it. We had a number of patients that had blackwater fever. Know whether they still use that term or not. As far as i know, the man did not survive because it was so severe. People may not realize that if you dont have enough hemoglobin in your red cells, you could not support it. People with sickle cell anemia, for instance, if they went there their likelihood of getting malaria is very slim. Beach,re in virginia they are always spring for mosquitoes. I dont know what they are using , but i know we dont have any more fireflies anymore. People wondered about that. They kill off those as well. Beeshave very few or butterflies. Can you be sure that when you kill off mosquitoes, you do you dont kill off the bees . Guest could it spill over to another species . The gene drive is spread by sexual reproduction by the mosquitoes. Is not going to spread to baboons. The question as how close a species do you need . I dont think the gene drive was spread from a mosquito thro bobrow the through a mosquito to a bumblebee. Thats the main concern. Right now it is in the genes of the species. They have to reproduce together. That will happen only between closely related mosquitoes. On the other hand, it is scary to say you were going to release a two nature of this unstoppable the life to eradicate of the mosquito. If it did get loose and affected other forms of life, that would be a serious problem. Host another twitter follower wants to know, please address the potential dangers of upsetting the ecological balances. How long, if you did introduce how many ceos would you have to introduce . If you did introduce season two nature how long would it take them to die off . Are kindese questions of unknowns. When i spoke to the scientists, their project and was to start the chain reaction, they would only need four or 500 mosquitoes. That would start it and it would spread amongst mosquitoes. Many and how long would it take. The faster a species reproduces, and they do that some 12 times the year, the faster it spreads. For mosquitoes, if you were to release it across an area, you might have a few release point. The estimates i have heard it would fill in the intervening area in one or two years. Not very long. New technology could kill off mosquitoes as a species in an effort to eradicate malaria. Bill gates has already spent 44 million on the technology. Right in new hampshire, youre next. Is if theyconcern release this and africa and the african the use the rivers how will it affect the drinking water, and what is the effect on the human if the mosquitoes by the human, how would that affect us . Guest the change is in the music mosquito dna. It is an added jane. I dont see that it would affect the water supply at all in terms of biting humans, if the mosquito bite you, there is an exchange of blood. There is no way for the mosquito dna to be taken up. Theres no evidence that that would happen. There is no risk to humans directly from these mosquitoes. Host mary from texas. Caller hello. Its really nice to hear something other than politics. The gentleman who said why dont we use ddt . Please dont bring that back. My dad used to spray flies right in the house and we sit there and breathe debt. But i have liver problems. I dont know if it caused that. I wanted to say that this type of science is going to be explored and will eventually be used. I think well will have to have , some of the research is are doing it for the good of humankind. Guest all good points. These new Genetic Technologies are substitute for chemicals. The beauty of the technology is it is specific to the species, to the dna of the species. That is the absolute power biotechnology. We should encourage the scientists to develop this kind of activity. It will be a substitute for things that are much more poisonous to the environment. As to whether they will do it in secret it is hard to control the technology. I dont know if they would do it in secret us if they want to pass a law to prohibit the technology, or move to another country. I dont think the u. S. In particular or the United Kingdom , who wants to stay ahead of the technician want to ban it. Host could there be a world guest . G body there is a United Nation convention on biological diversity. There is a protocol which the trade and genetically modified organism. I dont think the u. S. Is a signatory for this a lot of them are. Host ramona and georgia, go ahead. Caller thank you for taking my call. Antonio, are you aware that there are other studies about mosquitoes other than your institute . Have you heard of professor Anthony Clements who are before the congress and wrote a paper the myth ofs about them spreading diseases, and the fear factor. Where is the money come in . Who is paying for this . Is it a profit thing or a nonprofit thing . Professor climate studied macedo, mosquitoes, and his results are totally different. Who is pain for. G is pretty new. Is funding this. The u. S. Government itself has not been funding the research yet. As far as the fair factor goes, media, arerus, the you saying does the medias turf fears of viruses and diseases . Yes and no. Yes in order to bring it to peoples attention. Right now you may not want to travel to latin america because this is spreading. Whether mosquitoes spread disease . These were some of the biggest breakthrough discoveries ever in the history of medicine to understand how these diseases are spread and understand that they are spread by diseases. Part of the challenge and deploying the Technology Like for people who are flicked it inflicted in the area, they dont know how to spread. They dont know that standing water is a great buys for misty to mosquito eggs. This is an obstacle. I dont know who Anthony Clements is and if he is saying that mosquito cells are a disease or at if he is, its not helping. Host denver, colorado. Caller good morning. I am ignorant as to the name of the disease so speak that we had here in colorado and wyoming. Deadly onad by is mosquitoes. , dr. A good friend maguire, that died of it. It took 10 or 12 days and you are gone. , i think it unique is just in the midwest area. Bite, justquito certain mosquitoes, they spray for mosquitoes here. This man happened to be a golfer. Host have you heard of it . Guest i dont know which disease she is referred to, it could be west nile virus. What is interesting is that there are a number of diseases in the u. S. , including lyme disease, which is a big problem here in the northeast that could gene drives. By ,n the u. S. , this technology potentially getting rid of them could be ideal for dealing with things like lyme disease. Mentioned things like ina, they know milk banks an article says this. Edward, maryland, good morning. Curious about the and mosquito, plans an event of a total annihilation on a specie killer, that you can reintroduce that species back into the environment . Guest good question. And there is. Its an open question about whether this technology would extinguish the species completely, or remain in pockets in nature. You can take some of these mosquitoes and maintain them about lab. You would go to try to treat the withn malaria malaria and one set was cleared up there would be no human reservoir. You could put them back into nature after that. You could restore things to the way they were. Host brendan in maryland. Caller thank you. Im curious about some of the , like the teske determined, how certain things were tried on the population companies anybody talking about the ethical problems of dealing s . Th this caller western scientists will say use his technology, it will help you. We dont know exactly what will happen. The bill and Melinda Gates foundation, they have a ground game already, that it gets to villages and governments in africa. To build aying consensus to uses technology in the future. Then they will transfer the technology to african labs. They want to train african scientists to work with the , to develop the technology further, so they can make the decision themselves about whether to use it. Host washington, susan, good morning. Caller i have a very simple question for the doctor. Would he prefer that this be done . Thinge feel it is a good or a dangerous thing to do . As a journalist, i will refrain from giving you my opinion as to whether it is a good or bad thing. Its very interesting pair host host theres a little bit of a concern caller what was stop somebody , likedding a human genome a terminator seed where it could work with and humans . The bill and Melinda Gates foundation, it does work in eugenics or population control. My question is this, do you see any issues with adding a gene to a mosquito where it could be used to work the same magic . Guest the Underlying Technology which is called gene editing that does its magic and mosquitoes, it also can be used to change the dna of a human embryo and a fish. They boarded tried it. In your family you have an inherited disease, you could try to change the dna of the embryos so they wouldnt have a, huntingtons, cystic fibrosis. Thats a whole different debate. The question is are we going to engineer humanity . As far as the spreading thing goes, the gene drive, that is not going to be a big worry and human just like it wont be a big worry and blue whales because we were reduced to slowly. Too slowly. It will take millions of years for it to spread. And by then we will be able to undo that technology. Dan on twitter at sign know about the possibility of the genes changing the house through replication errors. Mutations occur over time. The genes could change. For scientists, the worry is mostly that three mutations their gene drive will stop working. The mosquitoes want to live. Evolution is still happening. If you let loose one of these gene drive, if even one mosquito shows up that is resistant, that mosquito will survive and soon its dna will replace all of the other mosquitoes dna and the mosquitoes were combat. Is that thecern mutations will make the gene drive not work. More questions i could it mutate into something we did not intend . Its possible. I have not heard that possibility laid out yet. Host conway missouri, make it quick. Is ebola nine spread by mosquitoes . Guest no i dont think so. It spread between bodily people bodily fluids by people. Host we know that Greenhouse Gases when vaccines for us . Guest next scenes. The bill and Melinda Gates foundation has spent a lot of money on a vaccine for malaria, but its quite hard to do. To develop aard vaccine that works. At this point, that foundation, the Gene Drive Technology has happened before a vaccine becomes available. The extinction invention in case you want to check it out. Gates is behind this new technology, spending 44 million so far and you can find it online. Thank you for your time this morning. That does it for todays opening washington journal. Enjoy your wednesday. [captioning made possible by the national captioning institute, inc. , in cooperation with the United States house of representatives. Any use of the closedcaptioned coverage of the house proceedings for political or commercial purposes is expressly prohibited by the u. S. House of representatives. ] the speaker pro tempore the house will be in order. The chair lays before the house a communication from the speaker. The clerk the speakers room, washington, d. C. , may 11, 2016. I hereby appoint the honorable Jeff Fortenberry to act as speaker pro tempore on this day. Signed, paul d. Ryan, speaker of the house of representatives