Can the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) withstand China's increased activities in the region, and what, if anything, should Australia do about it? Ben Scott reminds us that The ATS 'provides Australia with a peaceful, non-militarised south; a freeze on challenges to our territorial claim; a ban on mining and an ecosystem-based management of fisheries'. Australia has the largest of the seven claims which covers around 42% of the continent, so we do have a say on what happens there. Ben believes we should procced cautiously and 'play to our strengths'. That 'Australia’s most efficient means of slowing or stopping these efforts remains well-funded collective diplomacy and science'.