and general clapper, let me just ask you, i mean, i think one of the base-line thoughts by people watching this right now and trying to understand what it means to their lives is does this mean we are headed towards some sort of military confrontation with china, obviously in the cyber realm, that's already happening. obviously trade wars are going on. but when we start talking about submarines, we should note australian submarines but submarines getting involved in patrolling the seas to counter china. what does that mean in terms of a great power war potentially? >> well, i think right now it means greater deterrence. it puts australia in play, particularly because of the endurance of the nuclear-powered submarine and the range that gives them because australia is a long way away from the approximate maritime areas around china. so i don't think it means directly war, it certainly means