city was in a bit of a lull over the past day or so as you were saying before, as russian forces sort of had stalled against ukrainian opposition that they did not intend to face and were kind of regrouping. what i believe that we're seeing tonight is the beginnings of another major offensive now that they have reinforced and resupplied and are pushing to attempt to take the city again. >> the government has also said to individuals, make molotov cocktails, arm yourself if you can. they've given them instructions on how to slow down the russian military, take down -- there's an effort to take down street signs and highway signs to confuse them. are you seeing any of that? >> so, at the moment, it appears that most of the fighting in kharkiv has been done by the ukrainian army regulars. everyone stationed at the frontline position i was at today was a regular army soldier, not a civilian defense volunteer. i think the russians'