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Royal Oak Earth scientist reaches millions from Antarctica

About 9,000 miles away in Antarctica, former Royal Oak High School graduate Austin Carter is part of a scientific team taking ice core samples to study the earth’s changing climate.

United-arab-emirates , Peru , Morocco , Antarctica , Colorado , United-states , New-zealand , Oman , Austin-carter , Albert-carter , Royal-oak-high-school , Royal-oak-city

Royal Oak Earth scientist reaches millions from Antarctica

About 9,000 miles away in Antarctica, former Royal Oak High School graduate Austin Carter is part of a scientific team taking ice core samples to study the earth’s changing climate.

Antarctica , Colorado , United-states , Albert-carter , Austin-carter , Royal-oak-high-school , Royal-oak-city , Allan-hills , Oak-high-school , California-san-diego-scripps-institution , Antarctic-zone , Royal-oak

Oman in third stage of 'phasing-out' HCFC project: CAA

Muscat - There has been a substantial reduction in ODSs emissions over the last two decades, and there is evidence that the ozone layer is healing itself and can recover by the...

Antarctica , Montreal , Quebec , Canada , Vienna , Wien , Austria , Oman , Kigali , W09- , Rwanda , Sultanate-of-oman

Frontiers | Biogeography of Southern Ocean Active Prokaryotic Communities Over a Large Spatial Scale

The activity of marine microorganisms depends on community composition, yet, in some oceans, little is known about the environmental and ecological processes that structure their distribution. The objective of this study was to test the effect of geographic distance and environmental parameters on prokaryotic community structure in the Southern Ocean (SO). We described the total (16S rRNA gene) and the active fraction (16S rRNA-based) of surface microbial communities over a ~6.500 km longitudinal transect in the SO. We found that the community composition of the total fraction was different from the active fraction across the zones investigated. In addition, higher α-diversity and stronger species turnover were displayed in the active community compared to the total community. Oceanospirillales, Alteromonadales, Rhodobacterales and Flavobacteriales dominated the composition of the bacterioplankton communities, however, there were marked differences at the order level. Temperature, salinity, silicic acid, particulate organic nitrogen and particulate organic carbon correlated with the composition of bacterioplankton communities. A strong distance-decay pattern between closer and distant communities was observed. We hypothesize that it was related to the different oceanic fronts present in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex arrangement that shapes the structure of bacterioplankton communities in the SO.

Japan , United-states , United-kingdom , Antarctica , California , Austria , Llanillo , New-south-wales , Australia , Herndl , Oberörreich , Indonesia

Southern Ocean upwelling, Earth's obliquity, and glacial-interglacial atmospheric CO2 change

Science for just $15 USD.
Controlling atmospheric carbon dioxide
The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO
2) has varied substantially over the past million years in tandem with the glacial cycle. Although it is widely agreed that upwelling of Southern Ocean water is a key factor, the finer details about what caused these CO
2 variations are of great importance for understanding climate. Ai
et al. identified three modes of change in Southern Ocean upwelling, adding a third to two previously recognized ones. This new mode can help explain better the relative timing of the glacial and CO
2 cycles.
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that during the late Pleistocene ice ages, surface-deep exchange was somehow weakened in the Southern Ocean’s Antarctic Zone, which reduced the leakage of deeply sequestered carbon dioxide and thus contributed to the lower atmospheric carbon dioxide levels of the ice ages. Here, high-resolution diatom-bound nitrogen isotope measurements from the Indian sector of the Antarctic Zone reveal three modes of change in Southern Westerly Wind–driven upwelling, each affecting atmospheric carbon dioxide. Two modes, related to global climate and the bipolar seesaw, have been proposed previously. The third mode—which arises from the meridional temperature gradient as affected by Earth’s obliquity (axial tilt)—can explain the lag of atmospheric carbon dioxide behind climate during glacial inception and deglaciation. This obliquity-induced lag, in turn, makes carbon dioxide a delayed climate amplifier in the late Pleistocene glacial cycles.

Southern-ocean , Antarctic-zone , Southern-westerly-wind , தெற்கு-கடல் , அண்டார்டிக்-ஸோந் , தெற்கு-மேற்கு-காற்று ,