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We analyzed 98 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates collected in 2 regions of Algeria in 2015–2018 from 93 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. We identified 93/98 isolates as M. tuberculosis lineage 4 and 1 isolate as M. M. bovis by whole-genome sequencing. In Algeria, interpreting tuberculosis (TB) incidence, estimated at 53–88 cases/100,000 population in 2017 ( 1), is limited by the fact that the diagnosis relies on microscopic examination of clinical samples. Isolates are presumptively identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex based on colony phenotype. We analyzed 98 s...

Abstract In 2011, South Africa implemented a policy to decentralize treatment for rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (TB) to reduce durations of hospitalization and enable local treatment. We assessed policy implementation in Western Cape Province, where services expanded from 6 specialized TB hospitals to 406 facilities, by analyzing National Health Laboratory Service data on TB during 2012–2015. We calculated the percentage of patients who visited a TB hospital 1 year after rifampin-resistant TB diagnosis, the median duration of their hospitalizations, and the total distance between facilit...

May 18, 2020 COVID-19 relief legislation that House committees are considering includes several vital provisions that would make comprehensive coverage more affordable and accessible for millions of people. The legislation would enhance premium tax credits available through the health insurance marketplaces for two years, boost financial incentives for additional states to rapidly expand Medicaid, and enact other proposals to improve access to health coverage during the health and economic crisis. Consistent with a proposal President Biden outlined in January, the Hous...

These provisions would result in historic reductions of child poverty and provide timely income support for millions of people, including millions of essential workers.

Children on the move: the tale of a surprising spillover in humanitarian cash transfers to refugees Imagine the following scenario: you have a population consisting of two groups, who are, on average, equally poor at baseline. You randomly pick one group to receive sizeable cash transfers: what would happen to inequality within this population? It should increase, mainly because you increased between-group inequality, which was negligible at the start (assume away, if you wish, within-group inequality for now). At the same time, poverty should decline in the recipient group relative to the ot...