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Inferring human genomes at a fraction of the cost promises to boost biomedical research


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Credit: Delaneau Group
Thousands of genetic markers have already been robustly associated with complex human traits, such as Alzheimer s disease, cancer, obesity, or height. To discover these associations, researchers need to compare the genomes of many individuals at millions of genetic locations or markers, and therefore require cost-effective genotyping technologies. A new statistical method, developed by Olivier Delaneau s group at the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the University of Lausanne (UNIL), offers game-changing possibilities. For less than $1 in computational cost, GLIMPSE is able to statistically infer a complete human genome from a very small amount of data. The method offers a first realistic alternative to current approaches relying on a predefined set of genetic markers, and so allows a wider inclusion of underrepresented populations. The study, which suggests a paradigm shift for data generation in biomedical research, is published i ....

United States , Simone Rubinacci , Olivier Delaneau , Diogo Ribeiro , Postdoctoral Researcher In Olivier Delaneau Group , Swiss Institute Of Bioinformatics , Group Leader , University Of Lausanne , Postdoctoral Researcher , Molecular Biology , Mathematics Statistics , Algorithms Models , Calculations Problem Solving , Medicine Health , Computer Science , Software Engineering , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , டியோகோ ரிபேீரோ , சுவிஸ் நிறுவனம் ஆஃப் உயிர் தகவலியல் , குழு தலைவர் , போஸ்ட்‌டாக்டொரல் ஆராய்ச்சியாளர் , மூலக்கூறு உயிரியல் , கணிதம் புள்ளிவிவரங்கள் , கணக்கீடுகள் ப்ராப்லம் தீர்க்கும் , மருந்து ஆரோக்கியம் , கணினி அறிவியல் ,

The cancer microbiome reveals which bacteria live in tumors


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IMAGE: A diagram of the species of bacteria from an individual patient that are more likely to be found with tumor samples (blue) or normal tissue samples (yellow). The layout.
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Credit: Anders Dohlman, Duke University
DURHAM, N.C. Biomedical engineers at Duke University have devised an algorithm to remove contaminated microbial genetic information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). With a clearer picture of the microbiota living in various organs in both healthy and cancerous states, researchers will now be able to find new biomarkers of disease and better understand how numerous cancers affect the human body. ....

Xiling Shen , Holly Dressman , Diana Arguijo Mendoza , Anders Dohlman , Iliyand Iliev , Stevenm Lipkin , Michael Gao , Andersb Dohlman , Microbiome Atlas , National Institutes Of Health , Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency , Duke University , Cancer Genome Atlas , Cell Host , Hawkins Family Associate Professor , Biomedical Engineering , Cancer Microbiome Atlas , National Institutes , Pan Cancer Comparative Analysis , Distinguish Tissue Resident Microbiota , Shengli Ding , Biomedical Environmental Chemical Engineering , Medicine Health , ஹோலி டிரஸ்மேன் , மைக்கேல் கொ , தேசிய நிறுவனங்கள் ஆஃப் ஆரோக்கியம் ,

Stats on HIV among men who have sex with men could help resolve China's epidemic


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IMAGE: Rising incidence of HIV infection in young men who practice sex with men highlights the need for improved preventive measures early on, if China s epidemic is to be brought to.
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Credit: Chinese Medical Journal
Since the dawn of the 21st century, there has been a rapid rise in the number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in China, and today, the epidemic continues to grow. Several populations are victims of this virus, including injection drug users, sex workers, and men who have sex with men (MSM). In the various decades since HIV has gripped China, these groups and others have variously been at the forefront or background of national efforts to tackle the epidemic. ....

Jing Zhang , Immunology China Medical University , Key Laboratory , China Medical University , Chinese Medical Journal , Medicine Health , Aids Hiv , Critical Care Emergency Medicine , Death Dying , Research Development , ஜிங் ஜாங் , நோயெதிர்ப்பு சீனா மருத்துவ பல்கலைக்கழகம் , விசை ஆய்வகம் , சீனா மருத்துவ பல்கலைக்கழகம் , சீன மருத்துவ இதழ் , மருந்து ஆரோக்கியம் , எய்ட்ஸ் எசைவீ , முக்கியமான பராமரிப்பு அவசரம் மருந்து , இறப்பு இறக்கும் , ஆராய்ச்சி வளர்ச்சி , உயிர் தகவலியல் ,

Genomes reveal new insights into iconic Aussie animals


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Genomes reveal new insights into iconic Aussie animals
The echidna’s genetic blueprint provides fundamental insights into their unique biology and into the evolution of all mammals. Credit: Echidna CSI
The genomes of egg-laying monotreme mammals, platypus and echidna, have been published in the prestigious journal Nature.
Monotremes display a unique mix of mammalian and reptilian features and form the most distantly related, and least understood, group of living mammals. Their genetic blueprint provides fundamental insights into their unique biology and into the evolution of all mammals.
This milestone in genomics research was the result of an international collaboration involving Australian scientists from the University of Adelaide, University of Sydney, University of Melbourne and LaTrobe University, as well as researchers from China, Japan, USA and Denmark. The 40 researchers brought together expertise in bioinformatics, cytogenetics and molecul ....

United States , New South Wales , University Of Adelaide , South Australia , Linda Shearwin Whyatt , Frank Grutzner , Marilyn Renfree , University Of Adelaide Professor Frank Grutzner , University Of Sydney , Latrobe University Professor Jenny Graves , Latrobe University , University Of Melbourne , University Of Sydney Professor Katherine Belov , Professor Frank Grutzner , Trobe University , Professor Jenny Graves , Professor Katherine Belov , Molecular Biology , Future Generation , Drug Development , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , புதியது தெற்கு வேல்ஸ் , தெற்கு ஆஸ்திரேலியா , மர்லின் ரென்ஃப்ரீ , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் சிட்னி , லாட்ரோப் பல்கலைக்கழகம் ப்ரொஃபெஸர் ஜென்னி கல்லறைகள் ,

'Bespoke' analysis of DNA packaging sheds light on intricacies of the fundamental process


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Researchers from Skoltech and their colleagues have optimized data analysis for a common method of studying the 3D structure of DNA in single cells of a Drosophila fly. The new approach allows the scientists to peek with greater confidence into individual cells to study the unique ways DNA is packaged there and get closer to understanding this crucial process s underlying mechanisms. The paper was published in the journal
Nature Communications.
The reason a roughly two-meter-long strand of DNA fits into the tiny nucleus of a human cell is that chromatin, a complex of DNA and proteins, packages it into compact but very complex structures. To study the way DNA is packaged, researchers worldwide have developed so-called chromosome conformation capture (3C) techniques, the most efficient of which is called Hi-C. Hi-C essentially catalogs all interacting fragments of a DNA strand via high-throughput sequencing. ....

Sankt Peterburg , Aleksandra Galitsyna , Mikhail Gelfand , Ekaterina Khrameeva , Nature Communications , Institute Of Gene Biology , Russian Interdisciplinary Scientific Center , French National Centre For Scientific Research , Skoltech Center , Life Sciences Ekaterina Khrameeva , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Biomedical Research , Topologically Associating Domains , Skoltech Vice President , Gene Biology , Russian Academy , French National Centre , Scientific Research , Biomedical Environmental Chemical Engineering , மிகைல் கெல்பண்ட் , இயற்கை தகவல்தொடர்புகள் , நிறுவனம் ஆஃப் கீந் உயிரியல் , ரஷ்ய இடைநிலை அறிவியல் மையம் , பிரஞ்சு தேசிய மையம் க்கு அறிவியல் ஆராய்ச்சி , உயிர் மருத்துவ ஆராய்ச்சி , கீந் உயிரியல் ,