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Adversarial competition and collusion in algorithmic markets | Nature Machine Intelligence

Algorithms are now playing a central role in digital marketplaces, setting prices and automatically responding in real time to competitors’ behaviour. The deployment of automated pricing algorithms is scrutinized by economists and regulatory agencies, concerned about its impact on prices and competition. Existing research has so far been limited to cases where all firms use the same algorithm, suggesting that anti-competitive behaviour might spontaneously arise in that setting. Here we introduce and study a general anti-competitive mechanism, adversarial collusion, where one firm manipulates other sellers that use their own pricing algorithm. We propose a network-based framework to model the strategies of pricing algorithms on iterated two-firm and three-firm markets. In this framework, an attacker learns to endogenize competitors’ algorithms and then derive a strategy to artificially increase its profit at the expense of competitors. Facing a drastic loss of profits, compe ....

United Kingdom , Great Britain , Michael Eisen , Bruno Salcedo , Office For National Statistics , International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee , International Conference On Knowledge Discovery , Council Of European Union Commission , National Statistics , Consumer Goods Issue , Economic Working Paper , Facilitate Collusion , Personalised Pricing , Markets Authority , Competition Policy , Digital Age , World Wide Web , Law Econ , Empirical Evidence , German Retail Gasoline Market , Working Paper , Law Pract , Knowledge Discovery , Data Mining , Computer Vision , Pattern Recognition ,

Highest-energy pulsar ever seen could indicate new physics -- Science & Technology -- Sott.net

Highest-energy pulsar ever seen could indicate new physics -- Science & Technology -- Sott.net
sott.net - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from sott.net Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.

Arache Djannati , Robert Lea , France National Center , Science Communication Lab , High Energy Stereoscopic System , Uk Open University , Scientific Research , National Center , Arache Djannati Ata , Live Science , Physics World , New Scientist , Astronomy Magazine , All About Space , European Journal ,

KUNA : Today in Kuwait's history - History

KUNA : Today in Kuwait's history - History
kuna.net.kw - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from kuna.net.kw Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.

State Of Kuwait , Mohammad Al Saleh , Hussein Al Mesyab , Trading Company , National Seismic Network , Kuwait University , Kuwait Institute For Scientific Research , Kuwait News Agency , Journal Of Engineering Research , Academic Publication Council , Amir Sheikh Sabah Al Salem , Livestock Transport , Kuwait Institute , Scientific Research , Engineering Research ,