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Frontiers | Assessment of pesticide residues in vegetables produced in central and eastern Ethiopia

In Ethiopia, pesticides are widely used in vegetable production. However, if used incorrectly they may harm consumers of vegetables contaminated with pesticide residues, as well as producers handling the pesticides and lead to ecological damage. We performed a cross-sectional survey to assess pesticide residues level in vegetables produced in central and eastern Ethiopia. A total of 232 vegetable samples (91 tomatoes, 106 cabbages and 35 Swiss chard) were collected from fields and retail markets, and were screened for 35 pesticides (20 organophosphate, 14 organochlorine and a synergist, piperonyl butoxide) using GC-MS analysis. Pesticides residues were detected in 60% of Swiss chard, 47% of cabbage and 45% of tomato samples. Two or more pesticides were detected in 20% of cabbages, 13% of tomatoes and over half of Swiss chard samples. Bendiocarb, diazinon, endrin, piperonyl butoxide, profenofos and propargite were detected, but only diazinon, propargite and profenofos had residual value ....

Rift Valley , United States , Dire Dawa , United Kingdom , Asir Region , Saudi Arabia , Al Khartum , North Western , Nairobi Area , Ghana General , Adis Abeba , Lake Ziway , Hareri Hizb , Akaki Kality , B Addis Ababa , Tsegaw Woredekal , Addis Ababa Akaki Kality , Addis Ababa , Legetafo Legedadi , Health Research , Environmental Systems Research Institute , Institutional Research Ethics Committee , International Food Policy Research Institute , Rr Core Team , Public Health , Agilent Technologies Inc ,

Frontiers | Biogeography of Southern Ocean Active Prokaryotic Communities Over a Large Spatial Scale

The activity of marine microorganisms depends on community composition, yet, in some oceans, little is known about the environmental and ecological processes that structure their distribution. The objective of this study was to test the effect of geographic distance and environmental parameters on prokaryotic community structure in the Southern Ocean (SO). We described the total (16S rRNA gene) and the active fraction (16S rRNA-based) of surface microbial communities over a ~6.500 km longitudinal transect in the SO. We found that the community composition of the total fraction was different from the active fraction across the zones investigated. In addition, higher α-diversity and stronger species turnover were displayed in the active community compared to the total community. Oceanospirillales, Alteromonadales, Rhodobacterales and Flavobacteriales dominated the composition of the bacterioplankton communities, however, there were marked differences at the order level. Temperature, sal ....

United States , United Kingdom , New South Wales , King George Island , Noord Holland , New Zealand , Amundsen Sea , Oceans General , Midi Pyrées , Mediterranean Sea , France General , Jakarta Raya , Baltic Sea , Jared Zapata , Bransfield Strait , Potter Cove , Kyoon Kang , Mac Cormack , Kyung Lee , Campylobacterales Epsilonproteobacteria , Arctic Ocean , Marian Cove , Doctorado Nacional , Puniceicoccales Verrucomicrobiales , Distance Effects On Active Community Composition , Rr Core Team ,

Frontiers | Can the Right Composition and Diversity of Farmed Species Improve Food Security Among Smallholder Farmers?

Food security and livelihoods among smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa are often constrained by limited farm resource endowment. It can be difficult to improve resource endowment given barriers such as low land availability and the unaffordability of agricultural inputs, so here we ask whether farmers can gain a better return on their resources through optimising their farm strategy in terms of the composition and/or diversity of crop and livestock species raised. Our survey of 1133 smallholder farmers in western Kenya and northern Nigeria, using a modified version of RHoMIS, suggested that choice of farm strategy can have a substantial positive impact on food security and farm incomes. In particular, we found that it was possible for farms with a high species richness but low resource endowment to achieve similar or better food security and income outcomes than farms with low species richness and high resource endowment. This indicates strong potential for diversification to im ....

United States , United Kingdom , Cameroon General , Ghana General , Brighton And Hove , Rift Valley , World Bank , District Of Columbia , Yedebub Biheroch Bihereseboch Na Hizboch , Northern Region , Van Bussel , Jim Hammond , Harvard Dataverse , William Wint , Van Damme , Van Boeckel , Van Ittersum , Recouss Cambridge , Tunrayo Alabi , Kevan Kennedy , Rural Household Multiple Indicator Survey Rho , Rr Core Team , Agricultures Consortium , Indicator Survey Rho , Research Paper No , United Nations World Food Program ,

Do Chess Players and Scientists Need Intelligence?

In this article, statistician Bruno Wiesend reports on a scientific controversy about a study on the "Influence of intelligence and practice on the development of skills". The author considers the results of the study to be wrong due to methodological errors. | Photo: Pixabay ....

New York , United States , United Kingdom , Royal Society , Arkhangel Skaya Oblast , Emanuel Lasker , Campitelli Gobet , Wurm Feldman , Steven Kurutz , Vito Pirrelli , Nemanja Vaci , Campitelli Macnamara , Magnus Carlsen , K Anders Ericsson , Fred Oswald , Rolandh Grabner , Petrov Sederberg , Fernand Gobet , Vera Spillner Wiesend , Baayen Van Rijn , Wolfgangu Dressler , David Zachary Hambrick , Jacolien Van Rij , Anders Ericsson , Macnamara Oswald , Mcleod Gobet ,

Grapes and vines of the Phoenicians: Morphometric analyses of pips from modern varieties and Iron Age archaeological sites in the Western Mediterranean – Science & Wine

Grapes and vines of the Phoenicians: Morphometric analyses of pips from modern varieties and Iron Age archaeological sites in the Western Mediterranean – Science & Wine
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United States , Iberian Peninsula , Spain General , Peter Van Dommelen , Vincent Bonhomme , Guillem Perez Jorda , Claudia Moricca , Lorenzo Nigro , Laurent Bouby , Vivaio Federico Paulsen , Sarah Ivorra , Leonor Pena Chocarro , Huelva Andalusia , Laura Sadori , Sultan Jericho , Kapodistrian University Of Athens Greece , Rr Core Team , Foundation For Statistical Computing , Analysis Usingr Journal Of Statistical Software , Earth Sciences , University Of Montpellier France , Anthropological Sciences , Sapienza University Of Rome , Western Mediterranean , Archaeological Science , Federica Spagnoli ,