M-19 | Members, Leaders, & Bolivar Sword
M-19, abbreviation of Spanish Movimiento 19 de Abril (“19th of April Movement”), Colombian Marxist guerrilla group that coalesced in 1973–74 and demobilized in 1990, transforming into a legitimate political party, Alianza Democrática M-19. The group was founded by dissident members of the Gustavo Rojas Pinilla-led Acción Nacional Popular (Anapo), disaffected communists, and FARC guerrillas. Unlike other existing Colombian guerrilla groups, the M-19 was urban-oriented. The M-19 eschewed international (e.g., Soviet, Chinese, and Cuban) revolutionary models in favour of a socialist ideo...