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"Of Moss and Microclimate. Spatial variation in microclimate of Antarct" by Krystal Louise Randall

There is a general lack of biologically relevant climate data to facilitate ecological research in Antarctica. Climate data that exist for Antarctic regions are derived from satellite and automated weather station observations. However, the climate conditions at ground level, where the bulk of Antarctica’s terrestrial biodiversity lives, often vary considerably from those at or above weather station height. Climate data at this finer scale at or beneath the ground surface in the thermal boundary layer (termed microclimate), are poorly represented by meteorological climate data. Currently, ground-level microclimate variation in Antarctic regions is extremely difficult to predict through modelling techniques. The dominant terrestrial plant life in Antarctica are mosses which form turfs that display highly variable micro-topography. Such turfs can play a large role in biogeochemical cycling and permafrost insulation with associated links to microclimate and moss health, however these links are poorly understood due to a lack of quantitative and spatially explicit data at a relevant scale. Furthermore, the soil insulation properties of moss cover in permafrost regions are poorly understood and often mis-represented in climate models, leading to erroneous predictions of soil temperatures and permafrost thaw rates for alpine, Arctic and Antarctic regions. In this thesis, I address these knowledge and methodological gaps and present a range of novel fieldwork, modelling and experimental methodologies to quantify spatially explicit links between micro-topography, microclimate and moss health and physiology over centimetre scales for moss turfs in Maritime Antarctica. Additionally, I present a method for generating Antarctic ground surface/moss canopy microclimate data at a centimetre resolution without the need for empirical microclimate data to fit the model. Lastly, I use a novel experimental method to explore mechanisms involved in creating ground surface and soil microclimate variation in moss covered soils, specifically, how a decline in moss health and how water at the ground surface affect soil and surface microclimates. Moss canopy (ground surface) temperatures differed significantly from weather station temperatures, and micro-topography drove considerable spatial variation in moss canopy temperatures, light intensity and moss turf water content among Antarctic moss turfs. Specifically, at centimetre scales, moss canopy temperatures differed up to 29 °C at a single point in time, maximum canopy temperature differed up to 15 °C, and light intensity differed up to 1000 μmol.m-2.s-1. Moss turf micro-topography was the predominant driver over landscape scale topography, while variation in moss turf water content was mostly driven by landscape scale topography but still

Antarctica , Microclimate , Icroclimate-model , Icro-topography , Ntarctic-moss ,

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and ever depleting resources, so the need is for them to have efficient and more sustainable solutions. can artificial intelligence be the answer? this vineyard in southern india is testing it out. by using devices that are removing guesswork in assessing conditions on the farm and with the crop. the in assessing conditions on the farm and with the crop.— in assessing conditions on the farm and with the crop. the whole system. at the to- and with the crop. the whole system. at the top there _ and with the crop. the whole system. at the top there are _ and with the crop. the whole system. at the top there are microclimate i at the top there are microclimate sensors which measures rainfall and wind direction. then you have solar sensors which measured sunlight exposure. then you have sensors for humanity to see how much moisture is on the leaf. and all that goes to the brain of the system. this company _ the brain of the system. this company uses _ the brain of the system. this company uses artificial i the brain of the system. this company uses artificial intelligence to analyse the data collected from the sensors. to analyse the data collected from the sensors-—

Need , Vineyard , Resources , Answer , Solutions , Artificial-intelligence , Southern-india , Sensors , Crop , System , Conditions , Devices

WEATHER GURU | Understanding Nelson Mandela Bay's diverse climate

Every metropolitan area has a microclimate which changes as it expands, becomes more populated and produces more pollution.

Garth-sampson , Understanding-nelson-mandela-bay , Mandela-bay , Comment-policy , Weather-guru , Nelson-mandela-bay , Diverse-climate , Topography , Microclimate , Astern-province-herald-sports , Ort-elizabeth-news-paper

Glaciers on volcanoes could serve as early-warning systems

They could also skew measurements of climate change

Armero , Tolima , Colombia , Nevado-del-ruiz , Colombia-general- , Copahue , La-rioja , Argentina , Bolivia , Parinacota , Oruro , Chile

Clouds by the coast, heat in the interiors but rain is possible next week

Wednesday brought microclimate action with low clouds lingering by the coast and the interiors feeling triple-digit heat. Our outlook models are showing a warmer and wetter week next week.

Mexico , Nayarit , Sonora , Jalisco , Baja-california , Michoacan , Tabasco , Chiapas , Paso-robles , Santa-maria , Santa-ynez , Luis-obispo

Cool down continues across the Central Coast but the heat returns this weekend

A cooling trend is giving the Central Coast a break from hot temperatures even in the interior valleys where highs stayed in the upper 80s.

Santa-maria , Santa-barbara , Luis-obispo , Central-coast , Los-angeles , North-coast , Morro-bay , South-coast , Beach-hazard , Cool-down , Cooler-temperatures

Cooler temps in the forecast this week

Tonight in San Luis Obispo County it will be partly cloudy in the evening then mostly cloudy later on. Low temperatures will be in the lower to mid 50s. West winds will be about 15 mph in the evening.

San-luis-obispo-county , Santa-barbara-county , Cawx , Cool , Wx , Microclimate , Temeratures ,

Cooldown hits the Central Coast as cold front pushes south

Temperatures cooled off a little today as a cold front continues to push south into our region. That cool down will likely persist through Thursday.

San-luis-obispo-county , Santa-barbara-county , Cawx , Microclimate , Weather ,

Rainy weekend ahead with a chance of light rain tonight

Most areas of the Central Coast will receive less than a quarter inch of rain in total. Areas above 3500 feet in elevation can expect up to two inches of snow.

Central-coast , San-luis-obispo-county-beaches , Santa-barbara-county-central-coast , San-luis-obispo-county , Santa-barbara-county , Cawx , Forecast , Microclimate , Rain , Snow , Wx

Stanley Tucci Searching for Italy

>> it's about the fog. >> oh fog! >> oh fog! oh fog, thanks to you! the fog and humidity really makes the difference in all this. the humidity that comes from the apennines, that protects from south is cool but not too cool. hot summer, cold winter and creates the perfect microclimate in emilia-romagna. >> even the region's beloved fresh pasta is explained by this humid climate, which means soft wheat can grow here, a very different breed from the heat-loving, dry durum wheat of the south. >> if you don't believe in god, you believe in tortellini. you understand? it's like a religion. >> nobody's tortellini is as good as your grandmothers. >> massimo grew up in modem. and is obsessive about the food that has shaped his childhood. >> if you check my blood, there is balsamic vinegar, the vinegar is alive. and in the winter, goes to bed. and stays there. and relaxes for six months. until the spring is coming and is getting to life again. and again, and again, and again. slow, slowly arrives at the point of excellence.

Emilia-romagna , Pasta , South , Wheat , Humidity , Fog , Climate , Difference , Microclimate , Oh-fog , Apennine-mountains , Breed