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How stem cells might be used in planned de-extinction of woolly mammoth

Researchers working on woolly mammoth de-extinction announced what they believe to be a step forward in their efforts.

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Mammoth DNA Breaks Record for World's Oldest Sequence

The First Example of Hybrid Speciation in Ancient DNA
The new study has also amplified the ability for researchers to track the evolutionary process of speciation – the formation of new and distinct species. A
Nature press release states that this process generally occurs “over time periods that are thought to be beyond the limits of DNA research.”
A tusk from a woolly mammoth discovered in a creek bed on Wrangel Island in 2017. (Credit: Love Dalén)
Nonetheless, the scientists’ study of the mammoth DNA suggests that there was not one, but two different lineages of mammoth alive during the Early Pleistocene in the region of what is now eastern Siberia. Adycha and Chukochya are believed to be members of a species that spawned the woolly mammoth, but Krestovka appears to come from an unknown, and possibly entirely new, mammoth lineage. Tom van der Valk, the study’s lead author and a bioinformatician at the University of Uppsala in Sweden, explains the researchers’ shock at this discovery:

Chukochya , Sakha-yakutiya , Russia , Georgia , United-states , Moscow , Moskva , Adycha , Wrangel-island , Chukotskiy-avtonomnyy-okrug , Stockholm , Sweden

Million-Year-Old Mammoth Teeth Contain Oldest DNA Ever Found

Million-Year-Old Mammoth Teeth Contain Oldest DNA Ever Found
A woolly mammoth tusk discovered in a creek bed on Wrangel Island in 2017.
Photo: Love Dalén
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An international team of scientists has sequenced DNA from mammoth teeth that is at least a million years old, if not older. This research, published today in Nature, not only provides exciting new insight into mammoth evolutionary history, it reveals an entirely unknown lineage of ancient mammoth.
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Mammuthus primigenius) may rival
T. rex in popular imagination, but it is, in fact, one of the last mammoth species to have evolved, and it’s only one of various, sometimes odd-looking species of large, tusked animals belonging to the order Proboscidea. Mammoths are believed to have originated in Africa approximately 5 million years ago, with populations traveling north into what is now Eurasia and eventually moving into North America. We still have much to learn about these ancient proboscidean predecessors, which is why this new research is remarkably important. We know, for example, that woolly mammoths were adapted for life in the high Arctic: They could withstand the cold, they could survive on the available vegetation, and they grew thick, tangled hair that gave rise to their name. But when did these adaptations appear? And what about the mammoth species that lived before their woolly counterparts?

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