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Long-Term Blood Pressure Control After Hypertensive Pregnancy

This clinical trial whether physician-guided self-management of antihypertensive medication results in persistently lower blood pressure after a hypertensive pr

Ireland , United-states , London , City-of , United-kingdom , Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , British , American , Irish , Paul-leeson , National-institute-for-health-research

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of nurse-delivered sleep restriction therapy for insomnia in primary care (HABIT): a pragmatic, superiority, open-label, randomised controlled trial

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of nurse-delivered sleep restriction therapy for insomnia in primary care (HABIT): a pragmatic, superiority, open-label, randomised controlled trial
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United-kingdom , Manchester , Nicole-tang , Dimitri-gavriloff , Sungwook-kim , Leanne-fleming , Lucy-abel , Sean-ewings , Amy-whitehead , Danny-axford , Amanda-brewster , Richard-emsley

COVID vaccines work well for people of all body weights – but underweight and obesity remain risk factors for severe disease

A new study looked at the health records of more than 9 million people in England to assess whether body weight influenced the uptake and effectiveness of COVID vaccines.

United-kingdom , Spain , Spanish-state , Nerysm-astbury , Carmen-piernas , Ramony-cajal , Research-collaborations , United-kingdom-research , University-of-oxford , Diabetes-research , University-research-lecturer , Wellness-foundation-diabetes-united-kingdom

Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy: Updated comparisons and meta-analyses of newer versus older trials

Author summary Why was this study done? ➢ Clinicians and researchers depend on the peer-reviewed literature for accurate assessments of drug efficacy and safety, but this depends on whether the outcomes of all trials—negative, as well as positive—are reported transparently. ➢ In an earlier study, using Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review documents as a gold standard, we found that many negative trials had been misreported in the published literature as having positive outcomes or had simply not been published. ➢ Since then, reporting bias has been the subject of additional studies and policy changes, raising the question, Is the antidepressant literature now being reported more transparently? What did the researchers do and find? ➢ Using FDA reviews on 4 newer antidepressants, we identified 30 trials, half with positive, and half with negative, outcomes. ➢ Among the 15 negative trials, 6 were unpublished and 2 others were misreported as positive. Seven other negative trials (47%) were reported transparently (as negative), an improvement over the low (11%) rate found earlier with the older antidepressants. ➢ Statistical comparison of the newer and older drug datasets indicated that transparent reporting had improved overall, mainly among negative trials. Yet compared to positive trials, the rate of transparent reporting for negative trials remains low. ➢ Using meta-analysis to compare drug efficacy based on FDA versus published data, we found less inflation of drug efficacy among newer, compared to older, antidepressants. What do these findings mean? ➢ Reporting bias persists but appears to have diminished for newer, compared to older, antidepressants. ➢ We do not know whether these results extend to drugs beyond the antidepressants studied here, nor do we know whether they extend to drug safety, as opposed to efficacy. ➢ Reporting bias remains a significant impediment to researchers and medical decision-makers, so further efforts are needed to improve transparent reporting in the scientific literature.

Italy , Bern , Switzerland , United-states , Italian , Ilya-ivlev , Aarons-kesselheim , Angelini-pharma , Kathryn-burrows , Sepideh-alavi , Ryan-mckenna , Yusuki-ogawa

Combining simple blood tests to identify primary care patients with unexpected weight loss for cancer investigation: Clinical risk score development, internal validation, and net benefit analysis

Combining simple blood tests to identify primary care patients with unexpected weight loss for cancer investigation: Clinical risk score development, internal validation, and net benefit analysis
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United-kingdom , Oxford-medtech , Oxford-martin-school , Cantest-research-collaborative , Cancer-research-united-kingdom-population-catalyst , National-institute-for-health-research , Scientific-advisory-committee , Oxford-biomedical-research-centre , Clinical-practice-research-datalink , Programme-grant-for-applied-research , Department-of-health , Thames-valley-applied-research-collaboration