2006, 4.3. again, this would definitely be if it turns out to be a man-made. certainly one of the lower end on the scale that we've seen in the last couple years. >> all right. alison chinchara. thank you so much for the explainer there. and president trump said it would be handled, but will the solution to the standoff be diplomatic or potentially military? >> and joining us now, political science professor at angelo state university and author of "north korea and regional security in the kim jong-un era." first of all, bruce, we've heard a lot of harsh words between the president and kim jong-un. what do you make of this escalation in some of the verbiage we've heard? because a lot of people are saying, this is something we have not seen before, between these two leaders. >> well, good morning. it's great to be here with you. i think probably -- the most important step we could take against the north koreans,