february on d w. ah, ah, if isn't monuments they belt sample that their legacy. ah, ah, the 19th century explorers worth tarnished temples in southern egypt extended all along denial even to the desert. here in noobie a, they built enormous structures that the forces of man and nature, the thousands of years. in the 1950s, when the decision was taken to construct one of the dams in the world, the state of the temples seemed to be sealed to be beneath the surface of a huge artificial lake. ah, denial waters was possible to national the thousands of people it took over 2 decades of unprecedented effort in technical solutions. he admired at lake nasa us the journey through southern egypt roll heritage treasures ah ah, to the mediterranean boss of irrigation, the ancient egyptian gift from the gods, one of the most impressive fond civilizations of ancient times surfaced on its banks. a swan is located deep in a south dipped and has long been a border between upper egypt anteria of africa, buried in the sand plate, egypt and sudan. the borders were natural. cataracts of the nile was strategically interesting to the egyptians. ebony and slaves. as kings of the kingdom of kush sometimes oh it with its pyramid complexes. capital of course. ah, this is stablished, a vast kingdom pal delta in the north. packed in the south, hulu. it built a series of fortresses to and border and father nubia it's gradually conquered by egypt. slaved or forced to fight for the education. egyptian dominance was underlined by fortresses and temples they built in the area. ah, in the 18th 3 european explorers travelled onto sir. it was a revelation here in the little known south of egypt, thousands of ancient sites were found that had been hidden for millennia, huge time, curious, and temples cut off into the rock. things commissioned by the pharaohs as one of the greeks and romans fascinated with ass size that their history it's rich nubian heritage was threatened with this auction in the 1960 s, the water levels of denial arising, unprecedentedly mainly due to human intervention. population was exploding challenges of the time in during these development depend of the river, we didn't come out. i don't nasa damn in us one the mammoth project, but not only be one just river structures ever. most expensive. pull the coffee availability don't to, to finance the dam construction. egypt asked western countries for held off at the prospect of $70000000.00 financing from the world bank, misty, safe. as soon keys in the middle of the cold war. egypt existed on in the policy of neutrality, and it's right to buy weapons from czechoslovakia. he says, in your opinion, nath, united states withdrew its office bank. we're no longer an option or go, he posts, nasa and i've done the sale, opted to nationalized trenton, suez canal company in 1956, all stating if they don't finance out, damn the suez canal. they leave new. you can this lead to the sewage war, which and england in the ged ala alhambra, dale of them with you and mediation with the withdrawal of britain and france. egypt moved increasingly closer to the soviet union, provided the resources and technicians to protect off the ground. swan commemorates the treaty and the construction of the damn from its entire dam can be seen. there is a 1000 welcome. oh yes ma'am, said delilah, im 11 metres high. so without our east to west or it has a crest 1830 meters or meters wide at the base. you know dominy midra 40 meters of excavation, earth and rock into the old river bed. metra mowgli. ivan teen times. the amount of material used. cheops, pyramid ra, bathroom hot on the dam has created a gigantic water reservoir upstream like, ah, over 500 kilometers long. with an area of 5250 square kilometers. more per 1000 people had to be resettled. it's that some of the people were accommodated in newly built villages. egypt, especially kyra. all they went abroad. oh, she covers ancient nubia. the landscape is grand yet. and tragic at the same time. the almost deserted shows that overlooked by rocky mountains marked the edge of this a har, atlanta island, did buy dangerous shoals the years ago. and if the elephant i went in on my law, however, our eldest, tell us that before the dam you could as if on a canal or river, you did to get from one place to another. huh. because the island novia was not very wide annuity. kind of, you know, there was small waves and at night they navigated by the stars and she will, if he did give you his soul of your horizon. oh, it at that, no maps or gps along kind of villages and stuff where they wanted to listen to by in sudan if and to be some middle which one with us. one holiday alpha crossing lake nasa means following the footsteps of the pharaohs in the mid 19 fifties. news of the construction of the dom, logical race. tal logistics from all over the world only had a limited amount of time to explore the nile valley of valley harbouring gears of human history. scientists only managed to excavate a 3rd of the archaeological before the rising water level made by the excavations impossible. mm. her the dam project triggered a world wide debate about the fate of new b as treasures out as one decide between and further development between eminence of the past or the mystic about egypt chances of saving. so many monuments are some false. all future temple visits by quality was even more dramatic. many monuments but from easily fractured rock. they would be destroyed forever area, full cost at the exact date. and the 3rd masterpieces would disappear. christian to wash, nobody could decided to act excavation, director in egypt, speak out against the consequences of construction. i also she's the hall upon ben peg. ha moment i had a real problem. all katie. we could newbies, temples. you also shall reel her land. don't shoot reservoir water, which would have destroyed everything, hinted every day. maybe it was clear to me. so i said to them, you have to find another solution. a voice saying, hello charles. oh, do you talking about that? now the egyptian met a theme luxury. i said, give me a few days to find competent people because sacrifice the area just because you think you needed a cleanliness and such an explosive context required beautiful authority to oversee things quickly on notional, because ensured that the problem became an international issue. person very well known in egypt, she thought personally to a mr. nasa and she was also friends like the general of unesco through her actions. i think the whole story came together because everybody that this is a heritage which needs to future generation. unesco had been founded a few years earlier and were encouraged to get involved vision to save the monuments of nubia, was made of unesco headquarters in paris or jewelry. new day on march, 1060 ruled the nations despite some of them being involved in bert or overt conflicts. but the 1st one to join forces not to say the cultural heritage of civilization europe that will convey that ring from around the world. but nile must be saved the interest of many young people that then got involved. vic owners that they bought, maybe 11 or 12. the else is younger schools and what are you doing in school at that age? and even if you are learning about it, i was watching tv one night and the reaction about minister of culture to the to buy was incredibly moved. the next day i asked my school if we could save the nearby and monuments that though my basket groundbreaking campaign, one of the countries tended to only preserve their own heritage at one interested in saving other countries de la veined and launched their famous appeal to the world, but we must help egypt because they don't belong to egypt alone. they belong to the history of all mankind while the remains ah, in egypt, various leaders started moving to save the country's heritage. culture minister thought o kasha. donation with ancient egypt to promote the rescue campaign to the most famous pharaoh. on a traveling exhibition, as far as the united states, lou click started taking notice with pictures of the threatened temples were issued in some countries. money from all corners of the globe flowed into the rescue project. despite the cold wall unesco people around a table bus via technical agency, the dont deal of as politics and to save god, the heritage. i am and to ensure communication among the countries and to ensure a dialogue, diplomacy, and support of a technical solutions can take many years on the dam was already intensifying. oh yeah. i can 813 the swiss john louis bu cart discovered a boost in bel. his notes describe a huge temple between the nile, with majestic statues and being a temple entrance in france. and jean francois sean p. your wings of the temple inscriptions succeeded in his son and the hieroglyphics, and realized that these, the 2nd round of the kings of egypt, kadesh, against the hittites. he had a monument built for himself and several cords and nubia. ah. is carved out of the wrong about 30 meters high, 20 meters high ah. representing ramseys, the 2nd god, osiris ah. covered the wall, created a series of rooms leading to the most sacred sanctuary or twice a year. sunrise is in perfect line with the entrance to the monument. it is penetrate the temple and illuminated all the way to the spread chamber. only that i chose to create a ha remains in darkness about the magnificent rescue operation involving of people in the 19 sixty's. these imposing temples, still almost completely intact. not but to be visited today. ah ah. and to abu some bout, ah, father was a renee mo, to general of unesco and listen bell. so she noticed him fell this part of my family history, failed veteran his school in the 19 sixty's my grandfather worked on the rescue operation of when you're from dr. young, this is the 1st time i visited the site, was it all going to finally see the temples of you know, for them bell? since i was a child to tell me about the project, ian, i wanted to get a better idea of ration actually mean that will destroy so many nations together, all red restoration techniques and the desert and base against which it is. is a real feat. don't israel very impressed. she was announcing the by our rock temples, the huge statues at the entrance to the carved out of the stone which made dismantling and preserving them without damaging them was a momentous task. with the economic growth in the 1900 sixty's checked the number of large scale constructions possible down the ways bridges the engineers. nothing seemed impossible to save the temples of abuse and bell nefco issued an international call for proposals. several were submitted to square one to attend your additional unesco is primarily a foreign and know how soon went on to look at the longer the compounder noodle on there was extensive correspondence between and and the international experts you'll see the pope was sort of slightly pessimistic combi saved from the water to them under water proposed the future visitors travel to a hollow, concrete support to offshore platforms. 15 the tie chamber mm. satellite ah ah, the could serve as a base for diving expeditions, although other could accompany the diving tourists in another proposal, the temples to be enclosed in a huge glass dome filled with water in washington, isn't the idea of letting the nile flood the temple had the advantage that it didn't approve, but in the long run from this was the sandstone temple. hundreds of people sandstone is brittle, is with a composition of 50 percent. sam gets from the sam, a team of italian engineers, boost counting the temples out of the rock. with them consisting of platforms, an extremely slow and hazardous operation of your bill, reserve technical colloquy, raising at 60 meters, generic office and euro. i know you said you're such a complex job would mean bringing a huge amount of equipment on that in perfectly coordinated because while lifting it, we don't results from as plants. ah, another solution proposed using the rising water to pull comp huge barge pole. ah, the most drill save the abu symbol complex from what was done by what was threatening them to the time to protect the temples, a dam, 300 meters, and over 60 meters high. in 1963 arrived in abu simbel, a solution had not been agreed upon and time was pressing. the valley would soon be under water. quality on the ground was quite different to what the western engineers had imagined. in egypt was a remote region without an app thought, all proper roads. the idea of a protective dam around the temple area was abandoned the future of the temple complex, but unesco refused to give up them from the ever encroaching like the way possible. the radical solution was to count up the temples, reassembled them as close as possible to that original locations. a consortium of german french italian ish and egyptian companies was commissioned to do this was to be responsible additions on site were cause of concern for the engineers. i think i'm in the go. the school but taught station had been made to late early and we were faced with rising water once the asked one damn was finished. so we had to protect our temples. hoffer, damsel, and complete their dismantling of an easy task. if you don't see it showing you the rescuing the temple when not ideal, if you does it it it is just the villages asserted which i benefited roscoe because too crowded to sleep on the boat house in a neighbouring village. is there any more? only large packs of dogs who boot about 40 or 50 animals count 2nd. yeah. i'd love all with that to let acute where we are now. there was nothing back then we're kind of for you had the hall not, not even a shrub. well, a priest, i got all every absolutely nothing. oh yeah, my local local kellum award is and scorpions, i shot when the machine and those stim or throw stones at them hang out of a little shout. scorpion stung me in the foot on my on a water bottle. i howled in pain for 24 hours out of my kids. i went in abu simbel conditions gradually improved and engineers was a swimming pool. a small town with apartments warehouses a hospital. even an ass trip is the day abuse in bower. oh. and still live here. after the rescue operation, tenants personnel, blue in the 19 sixty's, many workers were nubians from the heights. they observed the water rising gradually flooding the valley. the villages of the ancestors in 1964 renovations when i cut into the temples while 300 kilometers for the north, vast section of the one height was inaugurated jaylish. as it dodge was going on up stream it. danny had a schedule, and to save time, they decided to fill the reservoir bit by bit easier. could you you, in doing so hello, they took advantage of the nile flood with salvation m libido. it took the water encroached towards the temple area of a dam needed to be constructed quickie as a barrier. the facade of the temple was covered with sand, the construction machinery, and then the monument p. a doughty so to prevent it from collapsing, it were moved above alvy little to see florida it last evening. would you did you o walkways and scaffolding were constructed with people to see original location. ah dice tanks, temples dotted in march, 19643000 bunkers took on the giant of stone. starting at the top, the cutting was done in stages. seeing the counting souls arrive looked on anxiously. then 6 millimeters, especially develop time sauce had created for the precision walk, which could not be left to the machines. the most tedious work was cutting the ceilings inside the race against time. new to round the clock. and was completely dismantled as before into the site. puzzled, then had to be transported several 100 meters up the mountain on trucks. for this purpose, the temples were reconstruct 6 meters above the original site extra catalogue and assemble the blogs. nevertheless, the egyptologist were concerned about the sculptures and the release. any cutting marks should be as invisible as possible play of the head, particularly tricky part. when i moved to the new location path load massive reinforced concrete shell around the temples. building at 60 meet the wide dome in the middle of the desert was an impressive technical achievement. in september, 1968 and at the new location was enthusiastic, saved from the flooding. the temples could now survive into the future. the ass, bonham damn, was completed in 1970 m like nasa. thanks it's full capacity. well may have been saved perhaps was still in danger. it was not enough time or money to save them. busy and beat him to the dam. construction 90 kilometers south of asked one katie to the god for thought. alas, no lack of other they val the larvae by the law. unfortunately, some temples could not be saved because they were built child or inferior stone. so i got the statue behind me as from gaff hussein and shows ramsey's the 2nd redundant order the temple to be built or healthy as it is saying, polar to the temple of op was some bell garcia. contrast to abuse and bell. i was a sandstone here is very porous, while i can live these, the 2nd was save a lot of law. it stood with 5 other identical statues in a pillared hall inside hula lloyd. i thought it was it done as of today, the rest of the 50 meters deep in lake nasa is the temple of amanda, this monuments in nubia, the origins of this temple day back to the 12th tennessee. the 15th century b. d by took most is the 3rd to almond re considered particularly vulnerable, and would be one of the 1st cultural science, the sink into like nasa, him of the board to go through her beliefs inside was so delicate. because break if cart are to move to temple as a whole on rails asked, they plan to dig underneath a temple nation with a concrete slab. of course, it was stretched around the structure and i tried jacks with the $800.00 ton block centimeter by centimeter. the work lay the attract every 150 meters. the rescue operation dragged on for months and in 1964. dangerously by 965. the entire temple had to 3 kilometers higher than before. me and it's unique colored relieved at my to day me only 8 years away from the asked one dan bailey had to wait to be rescued until the last moment and then i middle of the nile. ah, monuments erected here the best preserved meadows from the end of the toner make dennis day. is that at the goddess isis i finally was built by the roman emperor, by the impressive tre, jan kiosk temple. with the completion of the 1st as bon damn. in 1902, the was flooded 10 months of the year. the construction of the new dam, worse than the situation of the temples, caused me to save the shrines. the site was pleasant sheet metal can. what i had is the, the bill to compact it all out, all the water. i did it in 1972. that accumulated over the decades piling of the coffee down was in place to remove the the $37000.00 blocks weighing several tons each. they were whole. little dam was removed into the floods of the ny, on the new site for the islands, treasures 100 meters away. diplomacy to live on, you know, the all the monuments from filing island of adduce as in which was higher and thus saith from flooding community. thank you for that info i get had this half hoggard t as delete lemon from the all the monuments could be played identically as they had been. don't i mean we'll healed su. in fact, the granite island in the middle lake was flattened by 30 meters. thick ah 1977. the landscape remodeling it with the reconstruction of the temples. what is the projects of this kind on march the 10th 980 many bowed sale to wants a guiltier. the treasures of finally were again opened to the public quickly county waters of lake nasa. if possible. the ancient sites on its bottom the mens of nubia is the chapel cat elissia. oh, it was not an italian egyptian team. chris operations undertaken were unusually high and was