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Frontiers | Sequence of Volcanic Activity of Sakurajima Volcano, Japan, as Revealed by Non-Eruptive Deflation

Since 1955, the Sakurajima volcano has experienced repeated Vulcanian eruptions accompanied by intense air-shocks, large ash clouds, and deflation ground deformations. However, ground deflations sometimes occurred even if no eruption took place. In this study, we categorize deflation events contained in continuous deformation records covering eruptive activities at the Sakurajima volcano Minamidake crater during the period from November 2017 to December 2020. The deflation events are classified into eruptive deflation and non-eruptive deflation (NED) types by examining the seismic data, infrasound generations, and visual phenomena. Their event type occurrence characteristics are then further clarified based on their relationships to pressure source volume changes. Comparing the pressure source volume changes with the monthly mass of volcanic ash expelled from the crater, which is estimated from deposition data around the volcano, we found the contribution of NED events to volcanic ash ....

Ecuador General , United States , Augustine Volcano , Provincia De Morona Santiago , Japan General , Jt Freymueller Reston , Minamidake Mori , Mp Ryan Chichester , Kyushu Regional Development Bureau , Committee Of Prediction Volcanic Eruption , Osumi Office Of The River , Ministry Of Education , Sakurajima Volcano Research Center , Scientific Research , Volcanological Bulletin Japan Meteorological Agency , Kagoshima Meteorological Office , Disaster Prevention Research Institute , Kyoto University , Japan Meteorological Agency , Us Geological Survey Professional Paper , Research Program , Single Force Components , Ministry Of Land , Minamidake Summit , Summit Crater Eruptions Since , Sakurajima Volcanological Observatory ,

Plant biodiversity and the regeneration of soil fertility

Both plant biodiversity and soil fertility are in decline. We find that restoration of plant biodiversity on a nutrient-poor, unfertilized soil led to greater increases in soil fertility than occurred when these same plant species grew in monocultures. The plant species in this biodiversity experiment fell along a trade-off surface in their nutrient content traits, precluding any one species, or any one type of species, from markedly increasing soil fertility. Our results have implications for degraded agroecosystems, suggesting that increasing plant functional biodiversity may help restore their soil fertility. Creative applications of our findings to pastures, cover crops, and intercropping systems may provide greenhouse gas benefits from soil carbon storage and reduce the amounts of fertilizers needed for optimal yields. ....

United States , Cedar Creek , University Of Minnesota , Troy Mielke , University Of Minnesota Research Analytical Laboratory , Laboratory Analysis Of Soil Samples , University Of Oxford , Michigan State University , Balzan Foundation , Laboratory Analysis Of Plant Samples , Term Ecological Research , Environmental Protection Agency Manual , Long Term Ecological Research , Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve , Plant Biodiversity , Plant Functional , Minnesota Research Analytical Laboratory , Thermo Fisher Scientific , Waypoint Analytical , Elemental Analyzer , Thomas Scientific , Perkin Elmer Optima , Ecosystem Nutrient , Bayesian Information , Michigan State ,

Parental death in childhood and pathways to increased mortality across the life course in Stockholm, Sweden: A cohort study


Research Article
Parental death in childhood and pathways to increased mortality across the life course in Stockholm, Sweden: A cohort study
Ayako Hiyoshi ,
Affiliations
Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden,
Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden,
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom,
Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
Roles
Conceptualization,
Writing – review & editing
Affiliations
Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden,
Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Roles
Data curation, ....

United Kingdom , University College London , International Classification Of Diseases , Swedish Research Council , Child Welfare Committee , Swedish Ethical Review Authority , London School Of Hygiene , Longitudinal Integration Database For Health Insurance , Swedish Research Council For Health , Stockholm Birth Cohort Multigenerational Study , London School , Tropical Medicine , Creative Commons Attribution License , Stockholm Birth Cohort Multigenerational , Working Life , International Classification , Observational Studies , Multi Generation Register , Death Register , Social Registers , Longitudinal Integration Database , Health Insurance , Labour Market Studies , Housing Censuses , Bayesian Information , Socioeconomic Aspects Of Health ,