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"Causal effect of gut-microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-ox" by Hang Zhou, Yuqi Luo et al.

Background and purpose: It has been suggested that trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is related to Parkinson's disease (PD) in observational studies. However, the direction of this association is inconsistent. An exploratory Mendelian randomization study was conducted to investigate whether TMAO and its precursors have a causal relationship with PD. Methods: Summary statistics were obtained for single nucleotide polymorphisms related to circulating levels of TMAO, betaine, carnitine and choline, and the corresponding data for the risk, age at onset and progression of PD from genome-wide association studies. Inverse-variance weighting was used as the primary method for effect estimation. The false discovery rate was applied to the correction of multiple testing. A p value of association <0.05 but above the false discovery rate corrected threshold was deemed suggestive evidence of a possible association. A range of robust Mendelian randomization methods were used for sensitivity anal ....

Unified Parkinson , Disease Rating Scale , England Activities , Daily Living Scale , Causal Effect , Parkinson Disease , Andomization Study , Trimethylaminen Oxide ,