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The microbiota-gut-liver axis has emerged as an important player in developing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a type of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Higher mushroom intake is negatively associated with the prevalence of NAFLD. This study examined whether lentinan, an active ingredient in mushroom, could improve NAFLD and gut microbiota dysbiosis in NAFLD mice induced by a high-fat (HF) diet. Dietary lentinan supplementation for 15 weeks significantly improved gut microbiota dysbiosis in HF mice, evidenced by increased the abundance of phylum Actinobacteria, and decreased p...

Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the arylsulfatase B gene (ARSB) and consequent deficient activity of ARSB, a lysosomal enzyme involved in glycosaminoglycan (s) (GAGs) metabolism. Here we present the results study of ARSB DNA analysis in MPS VI patients in the Russian Federation (RF) and other republics of Former Soviet Union. In a cohort of 68 patients (57 families) with MPS VI, a total of 28 different pathogenic alleles were found. The most prevalent nucleotide changes included c.194C>T (Ser65Phe) and c.454C>T ...

Extreme storms, such as tropical cyclones, are responsible for a significant portion of the plastic debris transported from land to sea yet little is known about the storm response of microplastics and other debris in offshore and open waters. To investigate this, we conducted floating plastic surveys in the center of Sagami Bay, Japan approximately 50 km from the coastline, before and after the passage of a typhoon. The concentrations (number of particles/km2) of micro- and mesoplastics were two orders of magnitude higher 1-day after the typhoon than the values recorded pre-typhoon and the ma...

Some studies show that low serum vitamin D levels are associated with white matter hyperintensity (WMH）, while other studies report no association. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the presence of an association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels andWMH. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, WANFANG, and VIP were searched for available papers published up to December 2020. The outcomes were the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between different vitamin D statuses andWMH. All meta-analyses were performed using a random-eff...

We reviewed data on the American diet from 1800 to 2019. Methods We examined food availability and estimated consumption data from 1808-2019 using historical sources from the federal government and additional public data sources. Results Processed and ultra-processed foods increased from 60% of foods. Large increases occurred for sugar, white and whole wheat flour, rice, poultry, eggs, and vegetable oils, dairy products, and fresh vegetables. Saturated fats from animal sources declined while polyunsaturated fats from vegetable oils rose. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) rose over the 20th centu...