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New technique reveals genes underlying human evolution


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One of the best ways to study human evolution is by comparing us with nonhuman species that, evolutionarily speaking, are closely related to us. That closeness can help scientists narrow down precisely what makes us human, but that scope is so narrow it can also be extremely hard to define. To address this complication, researchers from Stanford University have developed a new technique for comparing genetic differences.
Through two separate sets of experiments with this technique, the researchers discovered new genetic differences between humans and chimpanzees. They found a significant disparity in the expression of the gene SSTR2 - which modulates the activity of neurons in the cerebral cortex and has been linked, in humans, to certain neuropsychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer s dementia and schizophrenia - and the gene EVC2, which is related to facial shape. The results were published March 17 in ....

Stanford University , United States , Stanford School , Ann Arbor , San Francisco , Karen Sabatini , Jin Yoon , Ben Barres , Rachel Agoglia , Wei Gordon , Danqiong Sun , Rajat Rohatgi , David Gokhman , Stanford Bio , Sahin Naqvi , Vivek Bajpai , Fikri Birey , Ryuki Miura , Maia Kinnebrew , Sergiu Pa , Hunter Fraser , Joanna Wysocka , Bonnie Uytengsu , Chan Zuckerberg Ben , Dmitri Petrov , University Of California ,

Genetic discovery gives insight into causes of eye disease

Altered bioelectric genes give zebrafish wings like flying fish


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Flying fish may have taken to the air when evolution tweaked electrical signals that control the size of their fins. This discovery suggests the existence of a previously unknown mechanism by which animals can change the relative size of specific body parts.
“How organs and tissues know when to stop growing at a certain size and stay there is a major mystery,” says Jake Daane at Northeastern University in Massachusetts. This scaling, known as allometry, is also a key driver of evolutionary change. The stunning variation …
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