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Signal detection theory can be used to objectively measure cognitive fatigue

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IMAGE: Dr. Wylie, the director of the Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center at Kessler Foundation, conducts research in cognitive fatigue in healthy individuals and populations with multiple sclerosis, brain injury, and Gulf.
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Credit: Kessler Foundation/Jody Banks
East Hanover, NJ. April 1, 2021. A team of New Jersey researchers has shown that changes in perceptual certainty and response bias, two central metrics of signal detection theory (SDT), correlate with changes in cognitive fatigue. They also show that SDT measures change as a function of changes in brain activation. This finding was reported in
The authors are Glenn Wylie, DPhil, Brian Yao, PhD, and John DeLuca, PhD, of Kessler Foundation, and Joshua Sandry, PhD, of Montclair State University. ....

Montclair State University , New Jersey , United States , East Hanover , Joshua Sandry , Glenn Wylie , John Deluca , Brian Yao , Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center At Kessler Foundation , Kessler Foundation , Jersey Commission For Brain Injury Research , National Multiple Sclerosis Society , Ortenzio Center , Signal Detection Theory , Better Understand Cognitive , Montclair State , Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center , New Jersey Commission , Brain Injury Research , Join Our Research Studies , Grants Funding , Medicine Health , Clinical Trials , Rehabilitation Prosthetics Plastic Surgery , Disabled Persons , Memory Cognitive Processes ,

How brain cells repair their DNA reveals

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IMAGE: In this image of a neuron nucleus, bright spots show areas of focused genetic repair.
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Credit: Salk Institute/Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center
LA JOLLA (April 1, 2021) Neurons lack the ability to replicate their DNA, so they re constantly working to repair damage to their genome. Now, a new study by Salk scientists finds that these repairs are not random, but instead focus on protecting certain genetic hot spots that appear to play a critical role in neural identity and function.
The findings, published in the April 2, 2021, issue of
Science, give novel insights into the genetic structures involved in aging and neurodegeneration, and could point to the development of potential new therapies for diseases such Alzheimer s, Parkinson s and other age-related dementia disorders. ....

United States , San Diego , John Adler , Jeffrey Jones , Tzu Wen Wang , Addison Lana , Sahaana Chandran , Simon Schafer , Steve Horvath , Patrick Reed , Johannes Schlachetzki , Claire Mcclain , Enoch Tsui , Jesse Dixon , Los Angeles , Dylan Reid , Ioana Nitulescu , University Of California , Dolby Foundation , American Heart Association , National Institutes Of Health , Paulg Allen Frontiers Group , Helmsley Charitable , Christopher Glass Of The University California , Research On Age , Salk President Rusty Gage ,

Disrupted biochemical pathway can lead to the brain changes characteristic of bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder affects millions of Americans, causing dramatic swings in mood and, in some people, additional effects such as memory problems. ....

United States , Michael Cahill , Emily Henderson , University Of Wisconsin , Michigan State University , Uw Madison School Of Veterinary Medicine , Madison School , Bipolar Disorder , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , மைக்கேல் காஹில் , எமிலி ஹென்டர்சன் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் விஸ்கான்சின் , மிச்சிகன் நிலை பல்கலைக்கழகம் , ஊவ் மாடிசன் பள்ளி ஆஃப் கால்நடை மருந்து , மாடிசன் பள்ளி , இருமுனை கோளாறு , உயிர் வேதியியல் ,

Whisker simulation gives insight into mammals' sense of touch

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IMAGE: Mechanics is key to whisker tactile sensation. When a whisker is deflected, its deformation profile within the follicle determines the activity of different groups of mechanoreceptors.
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Credit: Northwestern University/Nadina Zweifel
We know your cat s whiskers are handsome but you can t even see the cool part.
The base of the whisker, which is responsible for sending touch signals to the brain, is hidden inside the follicle, a deep pocket that embeds the whisker within the skin. Because this section of the whisker is obscured, understanding precisely how whiskers communicate touch to the brain has been a longstanding mystery. ....

United States , Chris Bresee , Yifu Luo , John Rudnicki , Mitra Hartmann , University Of California , Northwestern Mccormick School Of Engineering , National Institutes Of Health , Northwestern University , Mccormick School , National Institutes , Biomechanics Biophysics , Zoology Veterinary Science , Medicine Health , Biomedical Environmental Chemical Engineering , Mechanical Engineering , Robotry Artificial Intelligence , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , கிறிஸ் ப்ரீஸி , ஜான் ருட்னிக்கி , மித்ரா ஹார்ட்மேன் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் கலிஃபோர்னியா , வடமேற்கு ம்க்கார்‌மிக் பள்ளி ஆஃப் பொறியியல் , தேசிய நிறுவனங்கள் ஆஃப் ஆரோக்கியம் , வடமேற்கு பல்கலைக்கழகம் , ம்க்கார்‌மிக் பள்ளி ,

Connecting the dots between engagement and learning

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We ve all heard the adage, If at first you don t succeed, try, try again, but new research from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh finds that it isn t all about repetition. Rather, internal states like engagement can also have an impact on learning.
The collaborative research, published in
Nature Neuroscience, examined how changes in internal states, such as arousal, attention, motivation, and engagement can affect the learning process using brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. Findings suggest that changes in internal states can systematically influence how behavior improves with learning, thus paving the way for more effective methods to teach people skills quickly, and to a higher level of proficiency. ....

Aaron Batista , Byron Yu , Steve Chase , Carnegie Mellon , Carnegie Mellon University , Neuroscience Institute , University Of Pittsburgh , Nature Neuroscience , Neural Basis , Developmental Reproductive Biology , Social Behavioral Science , Learning Literacy Reading , Technology Engineering Computer Science , Biomedical Environmental Chemical Engineering , Research Development , ஆரோன் பாடிஸ்டா , பைரன் யூ , ஸ்டீவ் துரத்து , கார்னகி மெலந் , கார்னகி மெலந் பல்கலைக்கழகம் , நரம்பியல் நிறுவனம் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் பிட்ஸ்பர்க் , இயற்கை நரம்பியல் , நரம்பியல் அடிப்படையில் , வளர்ச்சி இனப்பெருக்கம் உயிரியல் , சமூக நடத்தை அறிவியல் ,