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Modelling speed-ups in nutrient-seeking bacteria

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Many bacteria swim towards nutrients by rotating the helix-shaped flagella attached to their bodies. As they move, the cells can either run in a straight line, or tumble by varying the rotational directions of their flagella, causing their paths to randomly change course. Through a process named chemotaxis, bacteria can decrease their rate of tumbling at higher concentrations of nutrients, while maintaining their swimming speeds. In more hospitable environments like the gut, this helps them to seek out nutrients more easily. However, in more nutrient-sparse environments, some species of bacteria will also perform chemokinesis : increasing their swim speeds as nutrient concentrations increase, without changing their tumbling rates. Through new research published in ....

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How bacterial traffic jams lead to antibiotic-resistant, multilayer biofilms

The bacterial equivalent of a traffic jam causes multilayered biofilms to form in the presence of antibiotics, shows a study published today in ....

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Going back in time restores decades of quiet corn drama

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IMAGE: Using a chronosequence of corn lines, University of Illinois researchers found decades of breeding and reliance on chemical fertilizers prevents modern corn from recruiting nitrogen-fixing microbes.
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Credit: Alonso Favela, University of Illinois.
URBANA, Ill. - Corn didn t start out as the powerhouse crop it is today. No, for most of the thousands of years it was undergoing domestication and improvement, corn grew humbly within the limits of what the environment and smallholder farmers could provide.
For its fertilizer needs, early corn made friends with nitrogen-fixing soil microbes by leaking an enticing sugary cocktail from its roots. The genetic recipe for this cocktail was handed down from parent to offspring to ensure just the right microbes came out to play. ....

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'Invisible' Deep-Sea Bacteria Cause Researchers to Rethink Human Immune Systems

‘Invisible’ Deep-Sea Bacteria Cause Researchers to Rethink Human Immune Systems
Image: Schmidt Ocean Institute
Researchers have found microbes in the deep sea that are completely invisible to the human immune system, a somewhat unnerving discovery that suggests our bodies’ seemingly universal ability to recognize bacteria isn’t so all-inclusive.
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The interdisciplinary team’s research was published last week in the journal Science Immunology. Their fundamental conclusion is that the way our mammalian immune systems sniff out trouble the rules and patterns we follow to protect ourselves may be defined locally rather than globally, a finding that goes against a long-held belief in immunology. These marine microbes have never been in contact with mammalian life before, not even marine mammals, according to the researchers. ....

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Scientists move closer to developing 'game-changing' test to diagnose Parkinson's

Results published today show it is possible to identify Parkinson s based on compounds found on the surface of skin. The findings offer hope that a pioneering new test could be developed to diagnose the degenerative condition through a simple and painless skin swab. ....

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