IMPRESSIONISM BEGAN IN REVOLT. Against the restrictive system of artistic training, the group embraced art-school dropouts. Against biased selection committees, they opened their ranks to all. Against hierarchical display conventions, they assigned wall space by lots. And so, in December 1873, they formed a société anonyme, a joint stock company. The artists based its charter on that of a bakers’ union and pledged to finance “the organization of free exhibitions, without a jury or honorific prizes, where each one of the associates can show his works.”4 Having no positive doctrine, thei...