good evening and it s great to have you with us here on a thursday night. we begin with that defining moment late this afternoon, the governor s signature that will end a decades-long battle. the confederate flag in charleston will come down in just hours, by tomorrow morning at 10:00. strong reaction coming in now on both sides. there have been death threats for lawmakers after votes in the house and senate. republican governor nikki haley ending the fight with her signature. champions of the flag argue that it s part of their history. critics say it s racist, a symbol of our nation s divided past. the governor revealing what she ll give to those nine families who lost loved ones in that bible study. abc s steve osunsami in south carolina leading us off. i will yell as loud as i can. reporter: tonight, the end of a bitter fight that s lasted for decades with this signature, south carolina s governor is ordering the removal of the confederate battle flag from the statehouse grounds by tomorrow morning. by her side were the families of the nine killed in what police say was an act of hate at the black ame church in charleston. i do want to also acknowledge these nine pens are going to each of the nine families of the emanuel nine. reporter: lawmakers who are getting death threats tonight on both sides fought and cried with each other over this until the early morning. the people of charleston deserve immediate and swift removal of that flag from these grounds. reporter: jenny horne is the descendant of jefferson davis, a confederate president, and even she argued the flag should come down. i have a great deal of respect for my ancestors, honor, my parents. but my legacy is what i do while i m here. reporter: without any question, this is happening now because of the shock of the church killings, and the pictures of the alleged gunman holding the confederate flag. sometimes it takes a horrific depiction for us to really grasp the gravity of the situation. reporter: the flag s many supporters say they re hurting deeply, saying we can t just erase parts of the past we don t like. i grew up with that flag as a heritage. i didn t see issue, and i don t see issue now. reporter: david, a reporter s notebook. 15 years ago i stood on these same grounds covering the same fight and it didn t seem then that lawmakers would ever agree to this despite an economic boycott that will now be lifted when the flag comes down at 10:00 a.m. in the morning. david? steve osunsami who s been reporting on this for more than a decade, thank you. one more note on this tonight. moments after the governor signed that bill, the first signs of a possible domino effect. word from the ncaa tonight welcoming south carolina back, eligible again to host ncaa basketball events. meantime we are also monitoring severe weather. d.c., baltimore, philly and new york bracing for storms hitting in the next few hours. twisters tonight in missouri and oklahoma. here s the radar right now. 40 million americans in the storm zone. those tornados already touching down in the heartland. this super cell in the skies over texas. look at this tonight, channing texas, hail cracking the windshield there. this massive system is moving quickly tonight. abc s gio benitez is in the storm zone with the damage already. reporter: tonight after 24 hours of havoc across 12 states, severe storms taking aim at the northeast, threatening millions of commuters. the line of storms sending trees crashing onto power lines in mount vernon, kentucky. those storm chasers in channing, texas, were tracking this very storm. suddenly their car pounded by massive hail. all they can do is watch. cameras rolling. whoa! reporter: hitting the force of a big league fast ball. cracking through that windshield. tornado on the ground! reporter: at least two tornados reported south of st. louis, debris spotted in the air, cars under water and a state of emergency in muskeegee, oklahoma. these storms bringing half a foot of rain into parts of hart hit texas. in brownwood, evacuations, a man trying to escape his truck here swept away by flood waters. in indianapolis, the water receding, residents survey the damage. i lost everything, again. i just this is devastating. reporter: and, david, tonight here in philly, just take a look at the mad rush behind me. they know that this storm is on the way, david. trying to get home ahead of this. live in philly, thanks. let s get right to rob because it s moving quickly and you were telling me these next few hours are crucial. yeah, dangerous line of storms developing right now. yeah, the next couple hours are crucial so let s get to it. tornado watch in effect right now as a severe thunderstorm watch. d.c., baltimore, philadelphia. look at that strong line of storms about to hit allentown and baltimore. future radar showing at least by 8:00 philadelphia getting hit hard with these storms and by 9:00 to new york city. then off the jersey coastline. the storms linger across new england until after midnight. there will be heavy rain, flood watches for connecticut, st. louis, and back to oklahoma. there are storms beyond that, david. very active weather tonight from coast to coast. the midwest can t get a break. rob, thank you. we re learning more tonight after a scare for passengers on board a southwest flight from chicago bound for boston. moments after takeoff, watch this. passengers could see the fire shooting from one of the engines. the pilots forced to abort takeoff. abc s david kerley with the tense moments in chicago. reporter: just before getting airborne in chicago, watch this jet s right engine. flames and sparks spitting up over the wing as the southwest pilot quickly aborts the takeoff. another pilot calls the tower. a fire on number two. roger. we are calling the fire department. reporter: as emergency crews respond, the tower reaches out. southwest 3299, you need any assistance? ah, stand by. reporter: the pilot shutting down the engine, the fuel line, leading to the fire burning itself out. i heard a huge explosion sound, like a boom. the plane veered off the runway and he used the rutter to correct. at that point i knew we were in trouble. reporter: all the passengers were evacuated by air stairs taken to the terminal to board another jet for boston. the scariest moment of my life. i can t believe that it happened happened. reporter: engine fires like this are rare. in flight it s often a broken part that s the cause. the fact that it happened right on takeoff suggests that probably something was sucked up off the runway into the engine and damaging it and creating those flames you saw. reporter: was it a rock or some other object on the runway that was sucked into the engine, leading to those scary moments for more than 140 passengers? tonight southwest is giving us no indication what caused that engine to erupt into flames. david? still questions. david kerley, thank you. meantime a united pilot is in hot water tonight after a flight that took off from houston to munich. the captain accused of violating german gun laws, carrying bullets while piloting the international flight. the airline says he tried to flush the bullets down the toilet when he realized his mistake. the incident now under investigation. some pilots are allowed to carry guns on domestic flights here over the u.s. to a developing headline from the fbi tonight. we reported on the concern over possible plots to kill americans on the fourth of july. tonight we have learned there were several arrested, plots foiled. our justice correspondent meeting with the fbi director today who said those arrests disrupted efforts to murder americans. let s get right to pierre thomas live in washington. pierre, what have you learned? reporter: fbi director james comey told reporters that about a dozen alleged isis sympathizers were arrested in the weeks leading up to july 4th. he said some had deadly intentions. quote, i do believe our work disrupted efforts to kill people. some of them were focused on the fourth of july. comey declined to identify specific targets. among those arrested before july 4th, this college student from queens accused of casing the george washington bridge. the fbi says that when agents searched his apartment, they found plans for a pressure cooker bomb like the ones use in the boston marathon attacks. the fbi says it was and is a dangerous situation, the new normal. continuing to be on the watch tonight. pierre thomas, thank you. tonight a major development in a massive security breach affecting millions of federal workers, their families and their private information hacked. this evening much bigger than we knew. the number has now been raised to 21.5 million americans whose private information was stored at the office of personnel management, opm. social security numbers, health records, financial histories and in some cases, even fingerprints were stolen. we turn tonight to an abc news investigation we broke yesterday here about a former president and the $100,000 speaker fee he charged a charity for wounded veterans. abc s chief investigative correspondent brian ross asking why would you charge a veterans charity? and i m proud to be an american reporter: with flags flying and lee greenwood singing, a severely wounded veteran, petty officer jennifer penn injured in afghanistan, gets a specially adapted home, thanks to a texas-based charity called helping a hero. thank you guys for everything. reporter: every dollar counts for this veterans charity, and lots of people have donated their time and money. but not former president george w. bush who sent many of these veterans to war in the first place. abc news discovered that president bush actually charged the charity $100,000 as a speaking fee to appear at its annual fundraising gala in 2012 plus the private jet travel that cost the charity $20,000. his spokesperson confirms it, and tonight some veterans are outraged. you sent me to war. i was doing what you told me to do, gladly. reporter: former charity board member eddie wright, a marine who lost both hands in iraq, told abc news he was appalled. for him to be paid to raise money for veterans that were wounded in combat under his orders, i don t think that s right. reporter: the charity s lawyer says bush s appearance helped it raise an extra million dollars. if george bush wanted to get paid and we were able to make a million extra dollars, it was a good use of money. did anybody ask him if he d do it for free? ask george bush. that s george bush s conscience. reporter: president bush s spokesman says helping veterans is one of his highest priorities, and he has hosted other events on their behalf for free. but former first lady laura bush also charged the helping a hero charity to appear $50,000, on a night she accepted the group s patriot award. and brian ross with us now. former president george w. bush speaking tonight with former president bill clinton. he s made a lot of money himself at speaking events. that s very true, david. a spokesman for former president clinton says he has never received a fee to appear at a veterans charity. late tonight, a spokesman said mr. bush has given millions of dollars to charity since leaving office. this charity says president bush helped bring money in. that s what they said. brian ross tonight, thank you. we have a concerning medical headline tonight and a new warning from the fda about the popular pain relievers in millions of home here in america, including advil, raising your risk of heart attacks and strokes by as much as 50%. they re so concerned they re changing the labels on the bottles. here s what they will say from dr. richard besser. reporter: tonight, a major change to the bottles in so many american medicine cabinets. advil, motrin, and aleve. we take them for lower back pain, headache, fever, monthly cramps. the fda now saying these drugs can increase your risk of heart attack and stroke by up to 50%. and that risk begins with the very first dose. the more you take, and the longer you take it, the higher the risk will be. the warning label, which now reads may increase risk and possible increased risk , will now drop those words. taking out the may or possible and simply say increases the risk. this doesn t mean don t take it, you just have to be aware. that s right. for most people the risk remains very small. the problem is that all pain relievers have side affects so you have to weigh those against the relief you re going to get from the drugs. if you have heart disease, the risk is going to be higher and you need to be aware of that. which is why the fda changed the label here. rich besser tonight, thanks so much. we re going to turn now to those football players sidelined by fireworks accidents on the weekend, both losing fingers on the fourth of july. a star player s injuries worse than first thought. abc s ryan smith tonight on that player just days away from signing a contract worth almost $15 million. reporter: tonight two nfl players putting their hands and livelihoods in jeopardy from using fireworks over the fourth of july weekend. this is almost unprecedented. these players who had so much football life in front of them suffered needless injuries. reporter: new york giants star jason pierre-paul severely injuring both hands lighting this massive display. medical charts showing his right index finger was amputated. he remains hospitalized. his injury putting millions on the line. pierre-paul seen here bragging about fireworks while holding on infant. talk about fireworks on the ground reporter: hasn t yet signed a $14.8 million deal for next season with the giants and has until july 15th to complete a long-term contract, a deal that may be in jeopardy. that same weekend, tampa bay buccaneers corner back c.j. wilson reportedly lost two fingers during a celebration with family and friends. at one of his friend s house, a bunch of them got together and just shooting off a bunch of fireworks, had one explode in his hand. reporter: now both mishaps could force nfl teams to send a message to players. i can guarantee you it will have a ripple effect on july 4th and seasons to come. when we heard about that contract today, $15 million, a lot of money on the line. when do these players return? will these players return? it s unclear. their return dates, they play two different positions. pierre-paul plays defensive end, his need for nimble hands and fingers could be less than that of wilson s a quarterback, whose job it is to intercept footballs and deflect passes. a sobering assessment from the u.n. tonight. more than 4 million refugees have fled syria since the start of the civil war in 2011, the highest number of refugees from a single crises in 25 years, the most in a generation. 7.6 million displaced from their homes and of course perhaps you remember we met some of those families, the young children, when we traveled to syria, the border there last fall. 75% of syria s refugees crossing into turkey, lebanon and it was in lebanon we met those children. to bolivia tonight, pope francis on his tour through south america trying a local delicacy, a tea made with coco leaves. it helps with altitude sickness, they say. it s controversial because those leaves also are used to make cocaine. later this image, the pope getting ready for an open air mass. inside, that s right, that s a burger king there, curtains covering the glass so the pope can dress and pray in private. the pope planning a trip to the u.s. this fall. no word if he ordered a whopper. there s still much more ahead on world news tonight this thursday. the one man crime spree and looting three homes in two hours, the accused burglar caught on camera, stealing thousands of dollars in jewelry and other items from the home. tonight authorities with the warning, the common mistake so many families make this time of year. news tonight on those three girls missing for days in the wilderness. we have new information on those three sisters. and look at this, the father and the daughter right there out in the water. the father behind her. suddenly they get caught in a rip tide. i can t! she s holding a selfie stick documenting the whole thing and you ll see what possibly saved her when we come back. 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it s only on abc7 news. and making bay area history tonight. the demolition of candle stick park as seen through the eye of a drone. that is out of san francisco. sky 7 hd is live at the land s end trail. fire departments are rescuing two siblings. the two were hiking near the legion of honor museum, where another boy tumbled and had to be rescued in march. what can you tell us about the operation now? we re seeing them walking off with first responders now. right. these two spent a frightening hour on the edge of the cliff there. they couldn t tell us where they were. our dispatcher kept the reporting party on the line and she listened for our sirens and drafted us toward their location. from sky 7 it looks precarious. are there hiking restrictions there? i don t know if there are exactly. . it s my understanding that they stepped over a couple ropes so they re that may be an issue. i can t confirm that now. we re looking
imagination. i did confess to certain policemen that i had dreams that i did things. but investigator gary miller had other evidence like the witness who drove by this cornfield the night of jessica s murder. that person testified that he was absolutely sure that when he went by here that night there was a van and a guy coming from the corn field to get in his van. a search of hall s house and van revealed he had been casing out small college towns and keeping suspicious notes. seen joggers and bikers. many alone. check colleges, parks. seen some prospects. hall also made lists for the hardware store. buy two more plastic tarps. cover all floor and sides of van. and hall wrote himself troubling instructions. no body contact. buy condoms. buy two more leather belts. find one now! amongst hall s things, investigators found newspaper clippings about roach and reitler, possessions from other missing girls and pornographic pictures hall had altered. in those pictures, he had drawn what looked like a rope or belt around the neck of one of of the left side of the mouth he had drawn blood. hall insisted it was all just staged, to make a play for attention. to feel important to police. i put a bunch of stuff in that van that i drove around with because i knew they d eventually search my van and find them. during larry s trial, his twin brother, gary, tried to provide him an alibi. still, federal prosecutor larry beaumont, got hall convicted of kidnapping jessica roach. in the federal system, if you re guilty of a kidnapping and that kidnapping resulted in a death, under the sentencing guidelines it s a mandatory life term. the jessica roach case was over. but the disappearance of tricia reitler remained unsolved. and her parents, garry and donna, could not stop looking. we walked the sides of the roads. the riverbeds. we looked under the culverts. we went to crack houses because somebody had a lead. if you see something on the side of the road, a garbage bag, whatever, it s like could that be her? it was such a horrendous crime to lose your daughter and never find out what the heck happened to her. larry beaumont kept looking too. i actually made arrangements on a couple of occasions to go out and look for the body. beaumont called in specialized military and law enforcement units to search. we were not able to find it. so rather than give up, it occurred to me that obviously, larry hall knew. beaumont needed answers and turned to an unlikely source to get them. he needed someone to befriend larry hall. someone charismatic, someone on the inside. larry beaumont needed jimmy keene. beaumont had sent both keene and hall to prison. now he hatched a risky plan that would bring them together. keene was ten months into his sentence when beaumont brought him in to talk. scared me. i thought this was some trick. keene watched nervously as beaumont pushed a folder across the table. and i open it up and the first thing i seen was a picture of a mutilated dead girl. and i flipped the next page and there was a different mutilated dead girl. and there was a portrait of tricia reitler. at that moment i looked up at him and he said, we need you to help us with this case. beaumont wanted keene to go undercover, to transfer from his low security lockup to a dangerous prison. and to befriend alleged serial killer larry hall. he says, if you can get solid confessions from him and if you can help us locate the bodies that are still missing, we re willing to completely wash your record. keene s mission? to learn where tricia reitler was buried. the purpose of this operation was to find that body. beaumont made it clear, no body, no early release. keene would have to serve the rest of his ten-year sentence. but beaumont believed keene could do it. he s smart. he s articulate. he s not afraid. and i knew he wanted to get out. for keene, it was a chance for redemption, to restore his family name and, says arthur hillel levin, to get his life back on track. this deal was a way for him to get home and also a way for him to do good, and kind of take this bad thing he had done and to somehow turn it inside out and make it something that would solve a crime. but it wouldn t be easy. it s fair to say he was risking his life. he could have been killed. it was dangerous, absolutely. it was highly risky. these people in those types of places haven t got anything better to do than try to hurt you and kill you, too. keene was unsure. but a phone call home but his doubts to rest. his stepmother said his father had suffered a stroke. she said, he s in really bad shape. we wish you were here. this is terrible that you re in a spot where you re in right now because we could lose him. keene needed to get home fast and there was only one way to make that happen. he had to face an alleged serial killer first. i decided, you know what? however bizarre or how far out or whatever this mission that beaumont wants me to go on, i m going to do it. 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[ male announcer ] make your escape. twice as rewarding. earn double points or double miles on all your hotel stays through march thirty first. sign up now at hiltondouble.com. driving up to the prison in springfield, missouri, jimmy keene didn t know if he made the best or worst decision of his life. i started to get cold feet. and i looked at the u.s. marshal and i said, listen, how do we know beaumont is going to live up to his word. they all assured me he would. i said, i m not sure if i can do this. but there was no turning back. and he needed to prepare. agents had warned him to be careful. we don t want you to approach him for at least six months because he s a very cagey individual. if he senses one thing wrong, he goes into a shell like a turtle and you ll never get him back out once he s in. but keene didn t have time to wait. he needed to get home to his ailing father so hours after becoming a springfield inmate, he spotted larry hall. and he made his first move. i made it a point for us to bump shoulders and as we gently bumped shoulders i said, excuse me, i said, i m new here, you wouldn t happen to know where the library is, would you? hall offered to show keene the way. and i reached over and slapped him on the shoulder and i said, thanks a lot, i appreciate that from a cool guy like you. over the next week, keene watched hall s every move from his cell across the hall. i walked up to him and i says, this is where i m at, are you in this area here and he says, yeah, i m right there. and he bugs his eyes out of his head. i said, that s great. you re right by me. i told you you were a cool by and i m glad you re by me and all this and that and that s when he basically offered if i ever want to have breakfast with him and his friends. keene was making progress, slowly gaining hall s trust. but life at springfield was complicated. and dangerous. so keene figured out a way to use violence to his advantage. it was a saturday night and hall was in the tv room, mesmerized by an episode of america s most wanted about serial killers. suddenly another inmate approached the tv. and you could tell this guy had been in for a long time. he was a real big buff guy. he walked up, looked at everybody and turned the channel. and i found it very interesting. larry looked at me and very quietly mumbled under his breath, hey, i was watching that show. keene leaped into action and knocked the guy out. i nailed him with an upper cut and kicked him through three rows of chairs. he was beat up real bad and had to go to the hospital and they took me and threw me in the hole. it was worth it. and it was a breakthrough with hall. he not only now looked at me as a guy he could look at and say, wow, he thinks i m cool coming from him, that s a compliment. and now he s also able to protect me. now, keene had hall s trust and had him talking. one night, in hall s cell, he told keene the truth about what happened to tricia reitler. but what hall told keene was different from what some investigators believed. it was his story, along with some evidence that created a roadmap i wanted to follow to try to figure out what happened to tricia reitler. tricia would have left this supermarket parking lot, walking just a couple of blocks back to campus. somewhere along this road, hall told keene he got tricia into his van when she fought off his advances, he said he choked her to keep her quiet. hall told keene he blacked out and when he woke up, tricia was naked and lifeless. days after her disappearance, investigators found her blood-soaked clothes here, just one block from the supermarket. hall s own notes indicate what might have happened next. exactly one week after tricia s disappearance, hall wrote cut out stained carpet. vacuumed van thoroughly. buy new hacksaw blades. clean all tools. along with his notes was this address, 700 west slocum, where in the woods, halfway between marion and wabash and it is possible that somewhere out here, tricia reitler is buried. he said, so he got some lime together, a shovel and a lantern and he drove her way out into the woods and buried her out in the woods. he admitted to you he buried her in the woods? several times he admitted that, yes. i basically made him feel like it was okay to tell me his secret. but keene still needed the secret that would set him free. the exact location of tricia s body. weeks later, he thought he nailed it when he found hall hovered over a map in the prison workshop. it was a map with red dots over indiana, illinois and wisconsin and he covered it up really fast. lined up at the edge of the map were a dozen wooden falcons. i said, wow, this is pretty cool, did you make these? he said, yeah, i make them. it s really cool, jim. they watch over the dead. falcons, to watch over the dead, and a map marked with dots. it was the information keene thought would surely lead to the exact location of tricia s body. and that moment did you think, this is my ticket to freedom? i did. because i thought this is it. i ve got solid confessions out of him. we know specific details. we know how he s done it now. keene believed he had his answer. he d soon be free. that he was done forever with larry hall. so that night, at lockdown, keene decided to tell hall what he really thought. i told him he was a [ bleep ] sicko. that he was insane. you re one of the most despicable forms of human life on this planet. at that point he slid away from me and he was terrified all of a sudden and he says, beaumont sent you, didn t he? beaumont sent you, didn t he? keene had blown his cover. and his outburst landed him in solitary confinement. it took some time before we found out they put jimmy in the hole so he was not able to communicate with anybody on the outside. by then, hall s map and the falcons had disappeared. worst of all, as keene was let out of springfield prison to face larry beaumont, he didn t know if what he had learned was enough to set him free. transit fares! as in the 37 billion transit fares we help collect each year. no? oh, right. you re thinking of the 1.6 million daily customer care interactions xerox handles. or the 900 million health insurance claims we process. so, it s no surprise to you that companies depend on today s xerox for services that simplify how work gets done. which is.pretty much what we ve always stood for. with xerox, you re ready for real business. new griddle-melts to yourime usual breakfast sandwich. for. a lot more flavor. 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[ male announcer ] find out what a hospital stay could really cost you at aflac.com. heyyy, you re going out like that? yeah, why? well, what would the neighbors think? i see you! c mon, get mister feather! look what i have. mister bird. remember? quack quack quack! we re just playing! we re just playing! i m trying to get you out of there! even still. announcer: you don t have to be perfect to be a perfect parent. there are thousands of teens in foster care who don t need perfection, they need you. during his months in springfield, jimmy keene got larry hall to provide details about several murders hall was suspected of committing, including tricia reitler s. but keene had not met the original requirements of larry beaumont s deal. i told him this myself, made it clear to him, we didn t find the body, no body, no credit. sitting in his prison cell, jimmy keene desperately hoped he had done enough. are they going to be fair and give me what s justifiably right on this? or are they going to say, here s six months? it was a crap shoot. without a location for reitler s body, beaumont had a decision to make. i made arrangements to have him take a polygraph test to verify what he was telling us was the truth which he passed and he made a legitimate effort to do what we sent him down there to do. so beaumont urged a federal judge to give keene credit for time served. jimmy keene became a free man and returned home to his aging father. what did you feel like when you were finally released? i was happy as could be. it was a very bizarre roller coaster that i went on. it was i mean, redemption at its best. keene had five more good years to be with his father before big jim passed away. we both realized once i got out that there is a better world than just always in a constant dash to make money. it s like, let s enjoy each other while we re alive here, you know? it was closure for keene, but not for the families of the alleged victims of larry hall. for years, there was no progress and no relief for people like donna and garry reitler. as a parent, there s the part that you flutter down and you want to find her and bring her home and you can t. i mean, we ve done pretty much physically everything that we can to find her. and there s somebody out there that holds that one answer for us. beaumont, too, felt he had done all he could and the pursuit of larry hall was over. there wasn t going to be no further prosecution from the federal perspective. he s already serving life in prison. he was done. once again, larry hall had slipped off the radar. and it easily could have remained that way, except for jimmy keene. first, keene s story of strange redemption was featured in a playboy article and a book written by keene and hillel levin. once we were able to write about what jimmy went through, then things happened. keene s story refocused attention on larry hall. helped re-open cold cases and put pressure on his twin brother, gary. now gary stopped defending larry and started talking. larry, just like jimmy keene calls him, and he is. he s a baby killer. you think your brother is a baby killer. i don t have no doubt in my mind. do you think your brother killed more than jessica roach? yes. do you think your brother killed tricia reitler? yes. rayna riceon? michelle duey? yes. as gary started talking more openly, detectives approached him, asking for help. i went with the indianapolis detectives down to try to get my brother to confess. he made me leave the room. he did, in fact, confess on tape to 15 serial murders. larry later retracted, again. and while he can t ever seem to stick to one story, he does, sometimes, seem to have regrets. i didn t want to keep living my life the way i was living it. i wanted things to be different, you know, but i guess i didn t really do the right things and change the way my life was going. larry hall refused our request for an interview. he has never been charged with crimes against anyone other than jessica roach. but keene s story has caused officials across the country to take another look at hall. in november of 2010, investigators from the town of manasha police department interviewed mr. hall at a federal prison in north carolina. in that interview hall admitted murdering lori depeaze and provided clues of where to find her body. there s multiple agencies looking into him, references unsolved disappearances. larry hall may have had more victims than ever imagined. we understand it s even more extensive than we ever thought. not 20, but maybe 30 to 40, in terms of the victims. that leaves 30 or 40 families still awaiting answers. which is why, says levin, it s critical that serial investigations do not stop. two decades after tricia reitler vanished, her father believes larry hall knows where to find her. i think if larry knew what we go through on a daily basis, you know, wondering where she is. wondering what happened, i don t think he would have any choice but to confess and let us know where she s buried. donna reitler is not as sure. he confessed. he recanted. he confessed, he recanted. without a body, it s just another possibility. more than anything else, they just want their daughter back. to have a place to lay her to rest, just to be able to sit and just talk to her. as for jimmy keene, his truth is stranger than fiction. he s gone from football standout to drug dealer to undercover operative. and now to screen star, with his story in development as a hollywood film. still, says keene, he thinks of the victims families and hopes they ll find their answers. that s all they can do is keep hoping. there was a glimmer of hope when jimmy keene was involved. maybe something else will still evolve out of this. maybe the things i ve done and am still doing will shine a light and give them hope at some point. it s delicious. so now we ve turned her toffee into a business. my goal was to take an idea and make it happen. i m janet long and i formed my toffee company through legalzoom. i never really thought i would make money doing what i love. 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[ male announcer ] to hold a patent that has changed the modern world. would define you as an innovator. to hold more than one patent of this caliber. would define you as a true leader. to hold over 80,000. well that would make you. the creators of the 2013 mercedes-benz e-class. quite possibly the most advanced luxury sedan ever. see your authorized mercedes-benz dealer for exceptional offers through mercedes-benz financial services. good evening, i m nischelle turner and welcome to hollywood s biggest night, the road to gold. i m outside the governor s ball where we re awaiting the end of the ceremony. this is what they call hollywood s biggest night. and on hollywood s biggest night, i have got the best and brightest with me here. with me tonight is alina cho from the vanity fair party. we have elle s creative director jossy, and also hln showbiz tonight host a.j. hammer. we ll run down the best moments at the 85th oscars for you tonight, catch you up on everything to get ready for piers morgan and company who will have a very special piers morgan tonight in a few minutes. we want to talk about some of the special moments from the ceremony and actually before. this pageantry started way early today. this afternoon, on the red carpet. and the question that we all like to talk about, other than who won what, is who wore what. i want to bring in jossy, and also alina cho who have been running down all the fashion for us today, guys. there were some spectacular looking women and men for that matter on the red carpet this afternoon. who did it right tonight? joe, alina, to you first, joe. this is your bag. what you do for a living. who do you think did it right tonight? this is indeed the world s biggest fashion show. and everybody is on the world stage with all eyes on them. for me, i really have to say jennifer lawrence, you know. it has been a big awards season for her, but she really hit it out of the ballpark with that dior gown. it was so spectacular. she looked like cinderella, i thought. alina, what about you? i heard you talking earlier, doing the broadcast, you thought jessica chastain looked fantastic. was she one of your top choices? i did. she was. i loved her in that copper strapless form fitting giorgio armani gown. i loved jennifer lawrence in dior. and i loved halle berry in custom versace, apparently she went there and told them she wanted to look like a bond girl and boy did she tonight. other stories, reese witherspoon and lilly collins, seth rogan and amy poehler. i always like to say, if a bomb, god forbid, were to blow up this building, there would be nobody left in hollywood. you re right. the thing about this the other great thing about the vanity fair party is that at the end of the night, if you ve ever been inside, as i ve been lucky enough to have been, they serve in and out burgers, and after actresses have been starving themselves for two months straight, they can have something good to eat. nischelle. i was just about to say, please, snag one of those in and out burgers, double-double animal style for me. because i m waiting for it as well. i have to tell you, there is a lot of people i really thought looked beautiful on the red carpet. i ll go a little to the left. i thought sally field looked gorgeous in valentino. throughout this awards season, i think she s been doing it right. i remember talking to her at the screen actors guild awards, she had on this purple jay mendel, very age appropriate and pretty. but tonight i thought she looked just like a movie star. she was definitely one of my favorites. i want to take a look at what a.j. hammer is doing over at the elton john party. a.j., that is one of the best parties as well in hollywood. one of my favorites, because elton john, not only does he put on a good show, he raises a lot of money for a good cause every single year. over $300 million over the time they have been doing it just unbelievable, all for the elton john aids foundation. you have a lot of choices on oscar night in hollywood as to where you re going to watch the show. are you going to sit at home in your jammies and eat some popcorn or go out to the elton john party, which is really one of the most coveted tickets in town. of course, we have the red carpet, all the stars walk down on their way to the big academy awards show to get under way tonight, as piers was greeting them all, and piers will be with us very shortly tonight to wrap everything up. but whento the elton john party, you have the white carpet. it held up pretty good. they banned any red wine glasses from coming down the carpet, because they used some good stain resistant. i m not exactly sure. but a lot of stars have been walking through tonight, including kim kardashian and khloe kardashian also here, nicki minaj walking by and looking spectacular. this is a viewing party. this is where people come to watch the show this is where they come to check it out and be among their friends, have great food. gordon ramsey doing the food here tonight. but this is the place they re going to come, hang out, see the show and participate in a big auction afterwards to raise a lot of money for the elton john aids foundation. it is incredible. 21 years this has been going on. i want to clue you guys in on one of the biggest upsets of the night so far. we just got word that ang lee has won best director for life of pi . most people thought steven spielberg would win best director at the oscars, namely because ben aflifleck was not nominated and he did a great job directing the movie lincoln . ang lee is the first director to ever win for directing a 3-d movie with this win tonight and he is one of the foremost and best directors in the business. this is a little bit of a surprise. another one of the surprises tonight, i think, was christophe waltz beating out tommy lee jones for best supporting actor. i don t want to pat myself on the back, but i called this a couple of days ago. i thought he would win. i thought he made that movie django unchained , but tommy lee jones was really good. that s another surprise. we saw anne hath away waway winr best supporting actress. there is still a lot of awards to be handed out. when we come back, we re going to recount some of the other big moments from tonight s show. stay with us. with the bing it on challenge to show google users what they ve been missing on bing. let s bing it on. [fight bell: ding, ding] how many here are google users? what if i was to tell you that you would actually like bing way more than google when it came to the results? prove it. let s look up some taco places. i like the left side. yeah? okay, do we need to find out what the waves are like down at the beach? what side do you like better? i like the results on the right. i m gonna go with the one on the left. oh! bing won! people prefer bing over google for the web s top searches. don t believe it? go to bingiton.com and see what you re missing. now, this is a test drive. whoa! you can really el all 335 foot-pounds of torque. it s chevy truck month! the silverado is also recognized for the lowest cost of ownership. hey, what are you gonna do with it? end table. oh. 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[ male announcer ] make your escape. twice as rewarding. earn double points or double miles on all your hotel stays through march thirty first. sign up now at hiltondouble.com. then you re going to love this. right now they re only $14.95! wow-a grt deal just got a whole lot better. hurry. $14.95 won t last. welcome back to hollywood s biggest night, the road to gold. i m nischelle turner outside the governors ball where we re awaiting the 85th annual oscars to end. we are waiting to talk to people here like anne hathaway and christoph waltz, people who have won tonight and also best director, ang lee, who just won for life of pi. we were talking about how this was a bit of an upset. a thought of people thought steven spielberg would take this oscar for lincoln but ang lee has won over spielberg for the second time, first time in 2010 when ang lee won for broke back mountain and steven spielberg was nominated for munich. i want to get over to a.j. hammer who has one of my favorite singers, michael buble, maybe he can whistle a little dixie for me or sing me a tune. he was asking where the restroom is because apparently he needs to get there and quick. came looking for trouble tonight. have i come to the right place? you came to the right place. it was great. what a beautiful night it was. give us a little insight. i want to get the first report as you re walking out of the red carpet or white carpet here, but to know exactly what was happening inside, what was the highlight of being part of this annual event, 21 years. the highlight was coming in and being part of something that for charity that means so much. and also the beef was amazing. you can t go wrong if you have good beef at a party. like a pulled porkish kind of beef. wasn t it good? delicious. this is deea dean and dan, d squared. you were probably paying a lot of attention to the red carpet fashion tonight. i think it was amazing. what was that? charlize? and adele looked gorgeous too. giving a lost light and sparkling and looking beautiful and nice performance. and you can give your peer a review, our first review of her performance, incredible rendition of sky fall, perhaps the only time we ll see her perform it live. i m in love with the girl. i e-mailed her before her record came out and said i couldn t wait to see her on the red carpet, and give her a big hug because i m a huge fan. i was happy, not jealous. okay. a little bit jealous. a little bit jealous of her greatness, but honestly, sometimes good things happen for good people and it gives you hope and humanity. you cannot smile when you watch her on screen. no. she s a keeper. she s a good girl. she s real. she s humble. and, you know, god kissed her throat and now we re lucky enough to get to appreciate that as people listen. give me a handle on this night for you. you got invited to come here, not to perform, just to kind of hang out and eat their food and drink their booze. i was invited by dan and dean. the truth is, i get nervous sometimes coming to things like this, but coming with these boys, like my brothers, it was a blast. why do you get nervous? you perform in front of tens of thousands of people and more. a difference between singers andanter eactors. and the deal is i work on my own. sometimes, you know, those actors all work together, all buddies. i come as, like, a lone wolf. a lone wolf. you wing man and that s important. backup singers. and what happens now? you didn t even stay around until the very end of the show. are you on your way to yet another party? yes. another party. there is a singer named madonna. she s going to be huge. and you think she s going places? we ll go to the party and hang out and do it again. it is cool. it was great. this was elton did such a great job and more importantly than all of this and all of the is the cause which is pretty amazing. great we can come and be fun and be supportive. i ll send it over to nischelle turner now. nischelle. a.j., we don t want to wait. we want to let everyone at home know no jennifer lawrence has just won best actress for silver linings playbook here at the oscars tonight. a roar just went up here at the governors ball. everyone very excited for her. this was the second time she s been nominated. she s only 22 years old. of course, she played tiffany, who was recovering sex addict in the movie who falls in love with pat solatano, played by bradley cooper. they fall in love and they kind of make themselves whole again together. it is a really good movie. one of the movies that is nominated for best picture as well here at the oscars tonight. once again, jennifer lawrence has won best actress for her role in silver linings playbook. when we come back, back to our fashion experts because with this win by jennifer lawrence, i want to know what this does for the house of dior. stay with us. [ female announcer ] what if the next big thing, isn t a thing at all? it s lots of things. all waking up. connecting to the global phenomenon we call the internet of everything. it s going to be amazing. and exciting. and maybe, most remarkably, not that far away. we re going to wake the world up. and watch, with eyes wide, as it gets to work. cisco. tomorrow starts here. welcome back to hollywood s biggest night, the road to gold. this is hollywood s biggest night. i m nischelle turner right outside the governor s ball where we re awaiting the end of the 85th oscars. when this show ends, we re going to join piers morgan and company for a very special show called and the winner is, a special piers morgan tonight. if i could get that out, i would be half dangerous. we just saw jennifer lawrence win for best actress here at the oscars and we heard joe zee earlier saying she was his best dressed in that dior haute couture gown. back to joe zee and talk to ailelina cho and what they thin about what this will do for the house of dior. it is amazing what she looked like and this just has to up their ante even more. what do you think, guys? actually, this is what live tv is all about. i want to stop you guys real quick. i want to tell you, daniel day-lewis has just won for best actor here at the oscars. now, this makes his third win for best actor. no other actor has done that. and i tell you, when you talk to other actors here in hollywood, here is what they say about him. he is the quintessential actor of our generation. of course, he wins tonight for playing our 16th president, abraham lincoln. by most people s standards, he nailed it. i heard people say, well, how did they really know that he nailed the role of abraham lincoln because who was around when lincoln was alive? but if you just look at him, you look at the makeup, look at the mannerisms, the speech, the tone, all of the cadence even of how he spoke, you really get the sense of the 16th president. so daniel day-lewis once again wins for best actor here at the oscars tonight. now, a.j., i want to send it back over to you. you have yet another actor who can talk to just how great daniel day-lewis is. you have john leguizamo with you at the elton john party. yeah, the great john leguizamo is with me. we were watching daniel day-lewis and his name being announced and you said, of course. yeah, like you said, he won it since the day he was cast. you thought lincoln would take all of the awards, a lot of big surprises, life of pi. a couple of months ago, that was the story. and argo started coming up. i was so happy ang lee won. that was one of my favorite films. i want to go back to daniel day-lewis. this makes him only the first actor in history to have three best actor awards. that makes him the actor s actor. he s the guy. he s incredible. that performance was like you were watching the actual lincoln come to life. it was brilliant. what is it about him? everybody talks about his method and the fact he gets so deeply into character and there was a great line from seth macfarlane earlier in the night, what happens, you show up some place and there is a cell phone, do you yell that can t be real? you can t do that. that s the only way you create stuff like that. such a lee strasburg thing, you re in character 24/7 and got to, you know, disband with, you know, technology. got to be in that period and got to be in that voice and that movement and that s how you create great work, the only way for it to happen. and you mentioned your table got extraordinarily excited when ang lee, who was not favored to win best director, everybody thought it was going to be spielberg, he wins it. what happened inside the elton john oscar viewing party? you know, everybody s got their favorites, not everybody is happy about every decision, but my table was john waters and naomi campbell and they were, like, ecstatic. because we all really thought that was one of the greatest movies. i m not a big fan of cgi but that was the first time i really believed it. was that the consensus. a guy like john waters who is eclectic to say the least. hilarious. he says such off color stuff. it is great. give me a hint of something he wouldn t mind you sharing with the conversation that was happening inside this party. he was interviewing quentin tarantino in for the spirit awards once, and he asked him wh what is the thing that makes you happiest about success. and he said i really hope that didn t get picked up by my microphone. and actually a word said earlier in the oscar telecast, but probably as far as i m going to go in talking about that. yeah. i can t. what happens in vegas stays in vegas. exactly. exactly. give us more of a sense of what it was like to be at this party, which is now and has been for so many years an institution, does amazing work raising so much money for the elton john aids foundation. what was the vibe inside tonight? everybody is there and in great spirit. everybody knows we re here for a cause. a beautiful cause. try to find a cure for aids and help everybody who is who has a sickness. and just the the camaraderie and everybody is in great spirits and it is just a beautiful vibe in there. and elton? elton is walking around, you know, being the king. is he the life of the party? the life of the party. loves getting photographed with everybody, hugging and being photographed and just, you know, the spirit of the whole thing. and what is instore for you now? i cannot imagine for a second your evening comes to an end after you walk out of this. i m going to the best party, the best after party, the vanity fair party and be over there and trying to get a photo with michael hi micha michael hineke, that s my goal. the party is winding down here as well. as you can tell, nischelle, they have places to go and people to be with and big stars to take photographs with tonight. apparently, a.j., you re doing it big. that s what the kids say. so i m a little jealous of you. from what i m being told, the producers of the oscars told me late on friday that you don t want to miss the best picture announcement. they said you will see something here that you have never seen before. i m being told right now that we are seeing the first lady of the united states on screen talking about the best picture right now. this is what they were talking about, what you will never see before, michelle obama on stage, talking or michelle obama talking about the best picture award. jack nicholson was on stage presenting this award. we re awaiting the winner of best picture here at the academy awards. there are nine pictures that are nominated here. the front-runners most people believe are argo and lincoln. this could be a good head to head battle. we have seen daniel day-lewis win best actor for lincoln. we just saw jennifer lawrence win best actress for silver linings playbook, we saw christoph waltz win best supporting actor for django unchained earlier this evening and anne hathaway, best supporting actress for les miserabl miserables. and we saw ang lee win over steven spielberg for lincoln. ang lee winning for life of pi, the first director to ever win a 3-d movie. that is very interesting. now, while we re awaiting the announcement for best actor, i do want to ask joe zee, we got interrupted last time, joe, i want to ask about jennifer lawrence. when we see the ladies nominated for best actress, usually they are the bell of the ball. did she look like the bell of the ball to you? oh, my gosh, she looked like the bell of the ball. there is a saying we have that us fashion people like to say, the oscars is your wedding day. all eyes are on you and you have to have the perfect dress. and the pictures of you live forever. so in a way, jennifer lawrence is wearing her wedding dress. look at that dior gown, it really is spectacular. and, you know what, worthy of the win. joe, i don t want to put you on the spot, you re a fashion guy, i m going to do it. is there anybody who missed the mark for you tonight? oh, you know there is always somebody who misses the mark. and you know what it is, i have to say i give points to someone like helena bonham carter because she always goes out there and does what she wants to do and to me, tonight, she really look like she came in costume from les mis , but that s who she is. she doesn t really care and i kind of like that attitude. you know what, joe zee, i m with you on that. i want to give you an idea now of what has just happened here at the oscars. argo has won best picture. it was just announced argo wins best picture. this is only the fourth time this has happened when a director is not nominated for best director. ben affleck not nominated for best director here tonight. but argu argo did win best pi. the last time that happened was 23 years ago and that was driving miss daisy. we ll see the folks from argo come up to the stage, up to the podium and accept their oscar. ben affleck wins an oscar in this case, because he was nominated as co-producer on this film. so we re also going to see george clooney take home an oscar tonight too. wouldn t be an oscar telecast without a little clooney. and we did see him a lot during the telecast, seth macfarlane brought clooney up and said he s the only guy that wakes up camera ready. i thought that was a funny moment. a lot of other great moments here tonight. the one that will be talked about a lot tomorrow morning is argo winning best picture, which just happened. i want to go over to alina cho at the vanity fair party. we also heard joe zee, i did the same thing that piers did earlier, calling him jay-z, we heard joe zee talk about the oscars are like a woman s wedding day. do you agree with that? and who was a beautiful bride tonight? i do, as a matter of fact. it is the super bowl of fashion. the most important red carpet on the planet. it is where you see the most glamorous, the most expensive, the most over the top fashion and jewelry on the planet. behind me is a glamorous woman herself, actress emily mortimer, tonight, gorgeous in zach posen. argo just won best picture. were you surprised by that? what do you think? i felt it was it was gathering momentum and it was kind of a snowball effect that was you could see it coming, yes. i m so pleased. i loved it. me and my son watched it together, recently, on our sofa and were gripped. and jennifer lawrence for silver linings playbook, daniel day-lewis for lincoln, your thoughts on those. i approve whole heartedly.
wisconsin, and allowing them to negotiate on their own and not paying union dues with which they don t agree and freedom in any context is good and nice to see it in a workplace, too. paul: thanks, kim, although we wish we could have had a triple cameron on this, but settle for that. sorry. paul: that s it for this week s show, thanks to my panel and all of you for watching, i m paul gigot, hope to see you right here next week. jon: on fox news watch. our journey is not complete. jon: president obama s big celebration on monday, his second inauguration drawing supporters, celebrities and the fawning media. i can t believe i have this vantage point. mr. president, mr. president! did the cheerleader overdraw the proceedings. and a scathing report on benghazi attacks, not true. had i been president at the time i would have relieved you of your post. jon: hillary clinton finally answering questions about the benghazi attacks, putting on quite a performance for lawmakers and the press. real emotion or just an act? the woman who ignited the petraeus scandal with the press, media debate or too late. and manti te o gives katie couric the straight scoop on the hoax. and prince harry hammered by the media by giving the facts. take a life to save a life. and on the panelist, daily beast, kirsten powers, and jim pinkerton, american editor conservative magazine and investigative reporter and fox news contributor, vicky ward. i m jon scott. fox news watch is on right now. now. i barack hussein obama do faithfully swore that ill execute the office of president of the united states. and will to the best of my ability. and will to the best of my ability. preserve protect and defend. preserve protect and defend. the constitution of the nights. the constitution of the united states. so help you god? so help you god. congratulations, mr. president. jon: it was a big day for barack obama on monday taking the ceremonial oath of office for his second term. it was a big day for the media as well. jim, we had cnn jim acosta saying he had to pinch himself. we saw al roker screaming to get the president s attention. what happened to reporting? don t forget chris mathews comparing it to the gettysburg address. i think that the media, some, some summarized it as well, tale of two inaugurations, and with bush 43, media sneers and obama, the media cheers. and how the kids are dressing and contrast to 2005 inaugural eight short years ago, and discussion was money spent on the inaugural, cutting into the poor and the iraq war et cetera, et cetera. and mr. rothman completely nailed the sense of bias and i absolute him in his efforts. jon: what about that, kirsten, do reporters not have memories? (laughter) that s a loaded question, no, i think there s a little bit of a double standard here. clearly, the economy is still in a bad place and you can t say that there are no longer poor people. and they re concerned about spending back when bush was president and should be concerned now. we did an interview earlier michael hastings, the rolling stone reporter wrote a book saying that in covering the president, being around the media, that what he observed was very immature behavior, giddy is the word that he used and sort of in awe of the president. and i think it just confirms what we ve been saying here almost every week about the problem with the press corps and their inability to cover the president. jon: now, we heard during the inaugural address, we heard about climate change, we heard about gay rights, we heard about lots of issues, but nothing much about the deficit and some of the pressing issues of, you know, the really pressing issues. some of the really great analysis from a lot of journalists and commenttators, well, he s a liberal. who knew? this is the biggest media coverup, this is their version of water-gate. they try to portray him as a centrist, not a blue state or a red state america, but united states of america. a guy who could transcend all of the political divisions in washington and now saying after all the stuff you just mentioned golly, i guess he s a liberal after all. who knew? was there too much media cheerleading in the country? i think the media lost sight of the really l-word here not so much liberal as legacy. and if you listen to the speech and took out the words climate change, guns, this speech could have been given in 1963. he was the president was making a speech about social reform, as the great social reformer of america s channelling his inner teddy roosevelt and he didn t get into the detail and i don t think the media picked up. jon: what about that, jim. i guess one wouldn t expect the president to bring up benghazi in an inaugural address, but there are big foreign policy issues that we re facing out there that didn t get touched. you re right, and one vicky mentions legacy and i think it was joe poll lack of breitbart news was the first to notice the words peace in our time a and. yes, absolutely. and chamberlain and coming back from the munich deal with hitler, and most misbegotten and it slipped by the fact checkers and nobody noticed and i did. jon: and now newsweek magazine, which is an online only publication, i guess you would call it. the second coming. now, conservatives have long complained that president obama thinks that of himself, but now, cal, they have he made it official, i guess. he was treated the first time around and i think the media put too much faith in politics and government because it reflects their particular ideological bias and they really they re setting him up for a no-fail second term. they re not going to hold him accountable and didn t hold him accountable in the first term and afraid of being branded racist and they agree with him. one mentioned al roker embarrassed himself. he wasn t alone. jon: and the new york times which complained about george w. bush spending 40 million dollars on his second inauguration, jim touched on this, the inauguration and ceremonies for inauguration in war time, a lingering question of tone. that was all about george w. bush s second inaugural. and then for barack obama s spending 50 million on his second inauguration, the times wrote, fund raising is lagging so far for inaugural plans. and lamenting the fact that in this economy, 50 million dollars was tough to raise. just an interesting point. next on news watch, hillary clinton serves it up and the press reacts. what difference at this point does it make? hillary clinton finally answers questions about the benghazi debacle delivering a powerful performance to convince lawmakers and the media to see it her way. did it work? find out next on news watch. power down your little word game. i think your friends will understand. oh no, it s actually my geico app.see? .i just uh paid my bill. did you really? from the plane? yeah, i can manage my policy, get roadside assistance, pretty much access geico 24/7. sounds a little too good to be true sir. i ll believe that when pigs fly. ok, did she seriously just say that? geico. just click away with our free mobile app. but with advair, i m breathing better. so now i can be in the scene. advair is clinically proven to help significantly improve lung function. unlike most copd medications, advair contains both an anti-inflammatory and a long-acting bronchodilator working together to help improve your lung function all day. advair won t replace fast-acting inhalers for sudden symptoms and should not be used more than twice a day. people with copd taking advair may have a higher chance of pneumonia. advair may increase your risk of osteoporosis and some eye problems. tell your doctor if you have a heart condition or high blood pressure before taking advair. if you re still having difficulty breathing, ask your doctor if including advair could help improve your lung function. get your first full prescription free and save on refills at advaircopd.com. it s a challenge to balance work and family. that s why i love adt. i can see what s happening at my business from anywhere. 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[ male announcer ] call today and get adt for less than $2 a day. helping protect your business is our business. adt. always there. with all due respect the fact is we have four dead americans. was it because of a protest or because of guys out for a walk one night and decide they d go kill some americans? what difference at this point does it make? it is our job to figure out what happened and do everything we can to prevent it from ever happening again, senator. jon: secretary of state hillary clinton finally facing lawmakers in the house and senate taking some tough questions about the benghazi fiasco and getting mixed media reaction. after four years in office, roughly a million miles flown, 112 nations visited, it the past few weeks alone she has fought illness and injury and including hospitalization, she leaves her post as the most admired woman in the world. the fiery appearance of secretary of state hillary clinton testifying before congress on the tragedy in benghazi. it was a valid that showed her indignation and emotion. and secretary of state hillary clinton defended her handling of the september 11th assault on the u.s. mission in benghazi, libya while accepting responsibility as head diplomate. jon: it was perhaps, jim, the big story of the week, how did she come off in the coverage? i think it was she kind of knew she was going to have her moment of tears and her moment of outrage and the republicans were going to come after them. unfortunately for the sake of those republicans and the two questions sort of asked the same questions over and over again, as one pointed out tom cott cotton, of arkansas, the only person ever accused of doing anything on the benghazi stuff was the fellow in tunisia who has been released and she sort of mumbled her answer on that one. other than that, i thought was predictable and i questioned the part guys taking a walk, know said that was a possibility, and the four got killed. jon: and she asks what matters now? well, the context matters because it mattered then before an election, right? normally people more pathetic than the people in the media are members of congress, they could have said, you just laid out two scenarios that never happened and that nobody was ever talking about. so, she mentioned the protesters, but that wasn t the alternative. like the alternative is terrorism. you know, so, the fact that to a certain extent the media can t create that story, they re covering the questioning. if the questioners can t do the questioning, i don t know what the media is suppose today report. and she seemed to try to blame the republicans for cutting security funding or not providing enough security funding. did it work in the media? did it work in the media, i m going back to this is a pageant, a public flogging and everyone colluded on it and she was there to react and to have questions asked, but no real truth came out and i don t think anyone expected. jon: has the media put it to bed, over and done with now. probably so. but look, what they re going to do with hillary clinton is the same thing they did for barack obama. they re going to part the waters like moses did the red sea and the clear path for the first woman president. and they treated him as messiah and her as the virgin mary. jon: do you think the media are helping set up a potential hillary clinton 2016 run? that s been accused. and the ileana ross leytonen, pointed out. she had a juxtaposition of the spending priorities that needed more attention and didn t. and just watch the space, the headline in politico friday morning, i m john kerry, secretary of state for climate change. if that really is what the obama administration is going to put emphasis on the next four years in terms of diplomacy as opposed to iran or china, that s consequence. jon: and more news watch ahead with comments like that, and if you see something you think shows media pass, tweet us. next, she ignited a sex scandal and now she wants better press. the other-other woman caught up in the petraeus sex scandal trying to clear her good name, takes her story to the media. are they buying her tale or is it too late? that s next on news watch. [ male announcer ] to hold a patent that has changed the modern world. would define you as an innovator. to hold more than one patent of this caliber. would define you as a true leader. to hold over 80,000. well, that would make you. the creators of the 2013 mercedes-benz e-class. quite possibly the most advanced luxury sedan ever. see your authorized mercedes-benz dealer for exceptional offers through mercedes-benz financial services. of green giant vegetables it s easy to eat like a giant. and feel like a green giant. ho ho ho green giant jill kelley is a florida socialite who got the media spotlight after he claims she received threatening e-mails from an anonymous sender. the fbi got involved and discovered the e-mails came from paula broadwell, a biographer who it turns out had an affair with the man she wrote about, that man, general david petraeus and resigned cia director after the story went public just after the election. three months later she wants her story out. is it a little too late? well, nobody cares. i mean, really, and what s interesting about it, she actually complains in the pa piece that she came out and wrote that nobody would move on. and then everybody s moved on and then she wants to talk about it. jon: yes. vicky, you were offered the story. i was offered the story and i turned her down because i was offered two terms. the first, could she have the cover and i have a big piece coming out which addressed the real issue about jill kelley, i would disagree kirsten, one question that matters is how does somebody like this have access to general petraeus and general allen and are we safe as a result? i mean, that s, that is the real question. but no, she asked me for the to the interview and these conditions and no self-respecting journalist give you a cover and b, give you a favorable interview. jon: and in american journalism because his interview didn t ask the most important question of jill kelley, which is how did you come to be so close with general petraeus, the most, you know, at one point, the most important military commander in the world. what do you know? i mean, it s that s really what we need to know about our military. and that s the only importance of jill kelley. jon: the title of his column, jill kelley says that paula broadwell tried to blackmail her. any truth to that. apparently they don t think so, and i think that is a shoddy piece of journalism and he disagrees. and the way they ingratiated themselves, these women and broadwell and kelly and the rest in tampa where centcom was held and threw the lavish parties, who doesn t like a good party after a day of sweating in centcom with the medals and have a few drinks with a couple of women, nothing new, this is what they did. i think that howard kirtz has a franchise, a good smart hard working reporter of people who want their stories out in a certain way, go to him first. not only did jill kelley do it. but kind of dangling in the headline, just hike jill kelley, eyes come back dn guess who kirtz would like to get the story from, i did kelly and paula broadwell. and paula you re the big get. don t think oprah, don t think katie couric, think me. i have to defend howard, and he s done good journalism. if people have issues with this story, okay. don t smear his whole career, a respected reporter and you can take issue with this, but i don t think his motives are impure. jon: point taken. and let s talk about somebody else, manti te o, the fake girlfriend hoax took a turn this week and more who was behind this hoax and he took his story to katie couric. katie, put yourself in my situation, my whole world told me that she died on september 12th. everybody knew that. this girl, who i committed myself to, died on september the 12th. and now, i get a phone call on december 6th saying that she s alive and i ll be put on tv two days later and asked the same question, what would you do. jon: should this story die with the fake girlfriend or more questions today here, vicky? i hope not. you know, what i thought was so interesting, quite clear watching that interview, he got to know the notre dame on football scholarship not an academic one. (laughter) i mean, really, and i love the fact that he kept, as a child, the parent because we forgive children when they make mistakes, you who do we know that te o exists. the only thing i got out of the interview, katie couric is wearing sitiletto shoes. jon: kirsten. and a girlfriend you never met, and a funeral you don t attend, seems strange to me. i m at a loss. explains how the press can let politicians get away. and as you were alluding to the story with paula kelly, so much negotiating in advance, if you can pull it off to say, look, but it s implicit i go first with you to the interview you may be kind to me. the story may well die as a news story and it will live on, the play syrino, and more recently m butterfly. jon: and prince harry back in the news ( bell rings ) they remind me so much of my grandkids. wish i saw mine more often, but they live so far away. i ve been thinking about moving in with my daughter and her family. it s been pretty tough since jack passed away. it s a good thing you had life insurance through the colonial penn program. you re right. it was affordable, and we were guaranteed acceptance. guaranteed acceptance? it means you can t be turned down because of your health. you don t have to take a physical or answer any health questions. they don t care about your aches and pains. well, how do you know? did you speak to alex trebek? because i have a policy myself. it costs just $9.95 a month per unit. it s perfect for my budget. my rate will never go up. and my coverage will never go down because of my age. affordable coverage and guaranteed acceptance? we should give them a call. do you want to help protect your loved ones from the burden of final expenses? if you re between 50 and 85, you can get quality insurance that does not require any health questions or a medical exam. your rate of $9.95 a month per unit will never increase, and your coverage will never decrease that s guaranteed. so join the six million people who have already called about this insurance. whether you re getting new insurance or supplementing what you already have, call now and ask one of their representatives about a plan that meets your needs. so, what are you waiting for? go call now! we ll finish up here.
after that we will open up for q&a. you will see one fixed microphone there and another vocal microphone for the site of the house. if you wish to join q&a, get up and stand behind the microphone. we have to do it this way because they are so mobile is for recording c-span and we do want your questions and answers to be an integral part of this broadcast. so there we go. without further ado, i ll begin my brief introduction. so here s the book. there we go. for those of you who know peter, you know this is unusual. peter tends to write short books. you think to yourself, this is serious. i m not going to get into the details. i m going to see general things about the book at the first one is this book marks peter andreas thugs at because it s well-written and is actually enjoyable. it s quite readable and clear and utterly devoid of jargon and it contains a powerful political message. the second reason to like this book is that it is not devoid of theoretical hats, pretension. tijuana sociologists who passed away recently and the standard model we have a social science is or how states build is that states need more and worse mainstays. that is unique revenues to beat the living daylights out of other states, see developed these administrative capacities and how you do this determines the state you end up. ps, line 50 yeah that s right, but not quite. there s also the people who cross your borders and the people you want to keep out as well as the people you bring in. there s no monitoring, capacity building, engineering that goes on the nixie stated to a state. we are markedly blind as to how much of the state as a police authorized and how much policing has to did not just at the extraction but exclusion and how much the exclusion has to do with regulation as to who we are and who we think we are and who we pertain to be in the world. os x and want to say about the book is there s no entry in the index, but there should be because the moral outrage that is buried ever so slightly throughout the book is peter s outrage over the hypocrisy about this. the fact we ve had a 100 year on drugs that produces nothing except casualties. the fact the united states was the world s biggest technology stealer to the entire 19 century didn t give a about partners and granted to people in the country who stole it. we re a nation of astonishing hypocrites i sent they need to come to grips with. it is a good way of starting conversation. the author himself to say why he wrote this book and what he hopes to achieve by doing so. hot act thank you, mark. so a few of my punchlines, but that s okay. i thought it would be useful to tell you a little bit about the book before people comment on the book. it would be strange if he didn t know background about it. first i will tell you briefly what the motivation was. the motivation is really that i can t think of any policy debate today in washington, which suffers from a more severe case of amnesia and discussions about order control, border policing, illicit trade trafficking of all sorts. the area have been working on for quite some time feels like you need to date not just years or decades, the centuries. this is bringing history back in if you will. the argument is really the subtitle of the book. to my great surprise, i discovered the argument was more true than at this outset, which is you can t really explain the founding of the country, the american revolution, the republic, worse a source which i ll tell you in a second. westward expansion, the slave trade, economic development, border dynamics and so on without taking into account dynamics of any sort. so put that more front and center in the story of america s retelling of the ones of smuggling is what this book does. his various pieces of this. the trade, migration and so on. but this is a 300 year sleep and it s a flawed focus my colleagues will tell you maybe, but the first of rereading the epic in its relations with the rest of the world through the lines of smuggling and illicit trade. since we are here at brown university, where teachers students and colleagues, one thing i found particularly interesting and quite traumatic and shocking is the importance of brown university in rhode island, the tiniest state in the nation in the realm of illicit trade in the very beginning. the great irony i trace in the book is that a country that corruptly smuggling, given birth recycling this today the world s leading policing superpower, the most aggressive enthusiastic anti-smuggling crusader at tivo. so it s quite a transformation. markey is the hypocrisy. it s not only not in the index. i m not even sure the word hypocrisy appears in the text itself. amazon can get inside of the book. i haven t checked. but let me tell you in just a few minutes of my time for stories. they re 16 chapters and someone, but for stories. the relationship between illicit trade in warfare and all the stories, by the way, have contemporary relevance, lessons for today. there s much talk about the relationship between conflict commodities and war. for example, finance guerrillas in colombia or opium financed mujahedin in afghanistan. smuggling related to conflict and even blood diamonds to popularize term to describe the relationship between diamonds and conflict in west africa and elsewhere. what i do in this book is look at the experience i m sure it s a very old story. the united states master the relationship between illicit trade in war before we tacked to conflict commodities, blood diamonds and so on. after all, how can george washington supply his troops but that massive smuggling of gunpowder since we actually had no domestic capacity. one of them is in fact john brown at brown university who sought gunpowder at exorbitant prices to george washington of course i m insane or charging us these prices come up with no choice because of extreme circumstances. john brown emerged the richest men in rhode island because he was such a profiteer. fast forward to the war of 1812. most people to remember this war. not only important, one of the main reasons the united states failed to annex canada as it turns out we were more interested in trading of them fighting them. they were quite intertwined economically, not so enthused about fighting. the british troops in canada were greatly dependent on the smuggling to keep troops of either would ve been a much more terrible shape that american forces could stop the flow. another story is the whole intellectual property theft debate, finger-pointing at china and other countries. i basically emphasize is do is they say, not as they did and from the get-go, america s mode of industrialization was not focusing first on domestic innovation, but aggressive widespread enthusiastic over past, especially british technologies. alexander hamilton was the most enthusiastic upon it, almost official state policy to go out and do this. interestingly enough, in other brown brother has a crucial role here. not john brown the bad rather come the slave trader, profiteer, but the nice brother, the quaker, pacifists, abolitionists. how did mrs. brown play a role here? he hired samuel slater. they are considered the grandfather of the american industrial revolution. probably an overstatement, but go to wikipedia and he will be credited. he actually smuggled himself out of england in defiance of extraordinarily strict british immigration laws that did not allow machine has come artisan precisely because if he did would end up helping countries other than england. smuggled himself to new york. heard about him, brought him up to start a meal in pawtucket at the street. moses had since smuggled machinery to work on to see if it might help. turn out to be useless or the campbell is the person the rest is history. in the stories about fortunes made. everyone is talking about how much pablo escobar made. he actually made the list of wealthiest people in the world. a mexican drug trafficker has joined that infamous list. you know if you re on the list your days are numbered because you re giving too much attention. if we look in our history, some of our founding family fortunes are built on illicit trade another dimension to brown brothers, and we can look to the hancock family in boston. we can look to america s first multimillionaire, john jacob astor. how did make his money? he made his money in opm smugly, trading during the war of 1812. most importantly by selling illicit alcohol to native americans in exchange for a much coveted and profitable first. the trade was banned by the federal government but clearly enforced, so the american trading come any specialized essentially and exchanging alcohol for her and he s remembered as america s wealthiest man first multimillionaire. last but not least, there s much talk in the immigration reform debate going on for years now how our borders are out of control. the languages we need to regain control. how can he regain control if you never had controlled the first place? in fact, america was built for better and worse. from the very get-go, the state building story mark alluded to at the very puffers however imperfect and failing to try to regulate border crossings of all stories does have the american statements with one of the first institutions of the american federal government at a time that was so anemic and which was the custom service. was he trying to do? and for straightlaced stop the smuggling and a newborn countryside only has to stop what he was encouraging a few years earlier. suddenly it wasn t patriotic anymore. it is heading at the core. so we look at the u.s.-mexico border, exhibit eight about a control borders to secure the border first before we can move it all forward and immigration reform. it shows a gross disregard to the ignorance of history. after all, america s borders are far more secure, far more surveilled, monitored, policed and so on, especially the u.s.-mexico border. it s an old story. as much as they focus on the border, we can look back to show the u.s. canada border play just as important if not more important in illicit trade over the decades. as i mentioned, the war of 1812 and password to prohibition. today s treatments are crossing was just as much of a smuggling superhighway as far as impasto is today. back then there is a lot of finger pointing north. in fact, it was almost official to tax the tree so they could facilitate the moving of alcohol across the river, pretending they were going to cuba and signing paperwork, looking the other way. i ve taken my time in a shared. i let my colleagues let me know how much they enjoyed or not the book. thank you very much. [applause] professor of anthropology to open a un- smugly nations great. this is a really wonderful book and i think it s going to be on the bestseller lists. it led me to look at the bestseller lists. the books on u.s. history to capture the american imagination are a pretty narrow bunch. they tend to be about the founding and i would tend to be reverentially capitalized. or they tend to be those soldiers that were and there properly so i did of course. and also individual u.s. president and the worse they are often removed. this week is no different. he looked at the list in the top 20 list on amazon has nine books on past u.s. military activities. snipers ncos on world war ii missions and hostage at to the rescue is. we ve got the truce is history in the vietnam war, the other one the civilian senate. again, part of the sequester of nine. six spoke some presidents. thomas jefferson and three kevin steven spielberg s work on lincoln. so first of all rather than focusing individuals and their choices and values as his history often is, he investigates broader social political processes which named up individuals to move into their work. ambitiously align three centuries he takes us through these cultural and economic cortical processes that give us the very idea of a border identifies the national and international declarations to make objects, including classes of people things they should not move across borders and changes over time, for example, surprise the slave trade, racial categorization of who wesson was not a desirable person to cross over. the taxes and duties another name. he tells us about the much broader consequences smuggling. whether a certain quantity of drugs come across our borders, the federal policing in general and control smuggling. finally, the book s ambition is to put into perspective of moral panics on illicit order crossings of various types we know these pervasive images of chinese immigrant in box cars. tunnels under the u.s. border from mexico with drugs running through them. trafficked women is the latest moral panic about women who come across two truckstops and so on. so the notion on dresses giving us his prohibition itself was the original impetus to these economic strategies. the list of mr. legality of these things is the cultural and political economic phenomenon to draw attention to it shows a piece of evidence is viscountess alkaloid swings wildly through time. we see connections between panics and anxiety and the material conditions and material interests of government to la cosa nostra make a profit by managing order can be seen throughout the book. while speaking to the broadest audience of readers, you guess kay says a variety of academic work and this includes mary douglas, whose idea to focus on how humans regularly do this, regularly traffic in purity and danger, so not just a borders, but other entities, where inflows and outflows are closely and anxiously monitor. the history is consistent across social sciences over the last number of years to focus on the singularity or sameness of the fate of governments and understate ubiquity of transnational flows. his book stories illustrate what others have said about construction. andreessen norstrom both trade and politics and culture than universal codes the modern state enforces by nature. they show how we tend to think of smuggling as the exception when in fact it may be more the rule. smuggling turns out remark be marketed, not a problem state tries to solve what the root by which the state and elite in a democracy remain the home are achieving some of their own ends. this is the reason that peter spoke starts with this first but no as mark mentioned. he famously reversed the conventional wisdom about the state and war and on various you can see the state as a protection racket, which is the notion the state garners legitimacy by protect the people from threats that in itself is sent tens generated in the same way the smuggler is to figure the state protects its people against those who would violate orders and garners legitimacy comes even as peter is pointing out exquisitely encouraging such movements. and they think there is a gender story that is a masculine icing project in a certain way. these threats in a certain gender schema that with this file through the last three centuries. it is lively, expertly between details for smuggled rom and things as industrialization and changing the berlin station. the national history suggests we think the idea of the nation that exists because it exercises sovereignty with the stroke of a legal pad. the emerging imperial resend to create this distorted historiography. the exceptional s. idea that it is now was nonetheless deemed to have been made by god rather than founded in the complicated human politics of the struggle he so well illustrated for us. [applause] now have reflections by richard snyder, professor of political science. thank you, mark. it s wonderful to be here for a number of reasons, to celebrate my friend and colleague, peter andreas. i remember sitting with peter back to? , just up the street from us five years ago, six years ago. i don t exactly number. he shared with me a seven or eight page perspectives for what eventually became this book. and it s just a pleasure that is now here and can be shared with all of you admit a black and in the way i feel all i have to do today is to say congratulations, peter and sit back down. [laughter] i can t get away with that, you know. my role in addition to that is to push and pull and stir things up a bit, so i ll try to do my best. so smuggler nation has a history of a partly why do such a fat work. it s american history, so by definition it is sure. [laughter] well, it s partly a book of history, but this is a much more ambitious book than just a book of history, short or long. peter self-consciously tries to speak to the present committee s history to speak to the president and even to policy. this fits very nicely with the mission of the institute for international studies we are standing in today, which is to bridge the world of scholarship and practice, to bring scholars and practitioners together. so peter s retelling of american history or american political development through the prism of illicit trade in efforts to control it is an example of what we might call publicly engaged historical analysis. it s a little too stuffy for you, how about just useful history. or maybe usable history. the idea that history might use all and even usable rests on the claim that the past can offer lessons for president action. to put this a bit more strongly, it rests on as the philosopher george santayana is remembered for saying they believe that those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it. in other words, we neglect the past. amnesia is dangerous. this is true. how useful in fact is history to correct dictionaries? the people who must act in the present. there is an opposite view on the utility of history, another george, george bernard shaw equipped from him is that we learn from history that we learn nothing from history. we have made wise not at the recollection of our past, but by the responsibility for our future. there s actually a whole scholarly industry on misplaced historical analyses, the misuse of history. policymakers to learn the wrong lesson from the past. maybe they don t repeat the mistakes of the past. they have new mistakes that states be worse than the old ones. some examples is a wonderful book called analogies that were. he provides an example of how the summer of 1965 u.s. ambassador to south vietnam, henry cabot lodge invoked at a cabinet meeting and succeeded in helping persuade lyndon johnson to escalate the war in vietnam. he argued that the u.s. did not intervene in vietnam, world war iii would be unleashed. as he put it, can t we see the similarity to our indolent at munich? and quote. so history can be misuse. history like many religions is multifocal. that is it can be interpreted and deployed in ways that consciously, strategically or not simply sit the interest of the interpreter. so, history can be useful. it can also be misused and also abused, both by scholars and practitioners, although i presumed history by the latter is more dangerous. .. the recent book, how smugglers, traffickers, and copycats are high jacking the global economy. hijacking is a sensational to me. so, how did peter do in this book? i think he skillfully avoids in providing a corrective to the present perspective. the other extreme, there s nothing new under the sun. i think this is most clear in the balanced concluding chap there s a subheading-continuity and change. so some things are new. for example, smuggle groups do have greater global reach than before. if, on the other hand, the extent of this reach has been exaggerated by journalists, pot particulars and scriptwriters in hollywood. secondly, the volume of illicit trade is probably larger hap it used to be historically. nevertheless, this relative share of illicit trade may not be so different than what it was. thinks that used to be elicit are illicit today. for example, marijuana. is becoming increasingly more illicit with medical marijuana as the wedge. banned. medical arguments for the use, and part of the explaination for the legalization of pot. illicit products in the past may become illicit today. for example, peter notes slave traders in the 18th century could have imagined that slavery would be illegal. okay? so what we get is a balanced, more complex, more nuanced and therefore less distorted, a clearer picture of history. this balanced perspective that the book offers comes up in another way which i think is useful. there s a tendency one dichotomy is then and now, and either then and now or totally different or not different at all. another is good and bad. okay? and good guys and bad guys. the world can be divided into the good cops, the good regulators, the good enforcer, and the bad smugglers. well, not so. things are more complicated. peter provides enforcerses who are the bad guys, complicit in illegal operations they are tasked with enforcing. for example, the central intelligence agency networks. a cold war turning a blind eye to trafficking. conversely, there are examples of criminals who are virtue you, or if not virtuous, at least patriotic smugglers. so if with blurring of simplistic dichotomies between good and bad. another virtue of the perspective in the book is kathy alluded to this it brings dynamism in and does so by remaining you that what is forbidden now may not always be so. the impermanentance of what is forbidden. an antidote to a naturalizing thing, taking for granted he the way things are, have always been, and probably always will be. and how the book challenged this. well, we have many very interesting episodes of demonization, and also what we might call dee demoppization or purification. these are telling because it sheds a light on who gets to define what irforbidden and what is not, on the power to define what is legal and what is illegal. the book is chock-full of these episodes. patriotic smuggler before the war of independence; and in the 20th century we see the purity crusader, anthony comstock, who is responsible who worked against pornography, because of this condom is illegal, reversed by medical, scientific arguments in conjunction with utility of condoms for u.s. soldiers during world war i. i won t deconstruct the word utility for you here. there s a wonderful cartoon lampooning comstock in the book which i like very much. you can t see it, but it s got a picture of comstock, he s dragging in a young woman, into the courtroom, and he is standing in front of the judge, and he says, your honor, this woman gave birth to a naked child. so, i think the process of demonization, criminalization, and purification, are very interesting. john hancock. he was a smuggler. his family was involve in smuggling, but he is a hero. brown university. when you think of brown university, being complicit in slave trading, doesn t come to mind for most people. this is a legitimate, good institution. but its roots are maybe not so pure. how is this being accomplished? i just gave a copy to a visitor from brazil. the copy of the report of the brown committee on slavery and justice, about the university roz historical relationship to slavery and the trespass atlantic slave trade, an effort to provide a more balanced image of something pure. okay. one last point and then i ll stop because i m sure mark [inaudible] so, how far does the argument travel not historically for the u.s. but spatially to other countries of the world? now, people have mentioned several times this twist that peter makes on charles tilley when he comes up with the phrase that smuggling made states and states made smuggling. what he means by states made smuggling, is that state authorities get to define what is illegal and what is not illegal. he also argues, peter argues, that all nations are smuggling nations. i think that is true. i work in latin america. that s the reason i know best. there s a phrase in spanish, basically you make a law, you make the loophole at the same time as you make the law. however, the power to be hypocritical is not distributed evenly across the globe. some countries are not makers and breakers but, rather, takers. okay? in fact most countries in the world are. so, if states make smuggling by defining what is illegal and legal. some states have a greater influence across the world than others. okay? i think countries in latin america, the war on drugs, and, you know, to say that colombia, peru, bolivia, are smuggling nations in the sense that aton mousily those governments, the governments and states of those countries, choose to define coca as illegal, would not be useful. so, it would be helpful to well, for know refer you to another book that peter wrote called policing the globe. which takes on the issue who gets to define what is legal, illegal, forbidden, not forbidden. so let me conclude by thanking peter for giving us a useful work of history. [applause] thank you. such a pleasure to be commenting on my colleague, peter andreas book. he takes thing wes have always seen and taken for granted and shows them to us and a quite dramatic new light. this may be aried rhode island thing but the idea of samuel slater, this man who worked for the inventor of the spinning jenny, crucial for textiles, and then recreated the textile mill from his head. the idea that this great tourist attraction in rhode island was a pirate gets some taking used to. as peter says to champion, sorry, china, do as we say, not as we do. so, what is marvelous about the book to see the world anew. you have seasons is this is about borders and foreign relations, got government expansion, economic development, societal transformation, americans political development. it s also an important book for political scientist because it s so well-written. there s a donate political science, and peter has weighed in heavily on this debate. i can make an important argument and not put you to sleep. i can make an important argument that people will like to read, and for that this book is a clarion call in a debate about the nature of our discipline, and for that i say, cheers. now, there s puzzle running through the book, almost like two stories in it. i want to tell you about the two different stories running throughout this book and then try to sort out how to make sense of the puzzle. you see, story number one is the story of a nation that winks at rogues. it s a mischievous tolerant nation. there s john hancock. the big signature. the first man to sign at the declaration of independence with a signature so large that, as he put it, king george will be able to see it without his spectacles. smuggler, and that s okay. he is a patriot. in fact, can i say this on television, peter appears as the first smuggler in this book, going from bolivia to peru, smuggling toilet paper. don t ask. read the book. and this comes up again and again in american history. we have the story of the oklahoma land rush. it s not a national border quite so it s not in peter s book but the oklahoma land rush, 1889, they line up thousands of people on the oklahoma border and at noon sharp, on april 22, cannons sound and the military steps aside ask the settlers rush in to grab the land and discover the best lan is already taken. by whom? by people who cheated. by people who bribed the government agents, or were government agents themselves. and how does oklahoma remember this? it calls its the sooner state. for the people who snuck in, the ones who snuck in sooner than everybody else. they celebrate the cheats. what an easy-going nation, to cheer its rapscallions. there s another story. very big. becomes more striking as the book goes along. and that s the story of a fearful, frightful, respeakstive repressive nation, all at the same time. marijuana may sound like something that is finally coming of age, that s what you want to do instead of trunking wipe, but two years ago 758,000 americans were arrested for participating in marijuana. it s down from almost a million few years ago. in fact as peter points out the united states has the world s largest prison population. in some large measure for the very reasons he described. six million americans are in prison or jail on parole or under prohibition. six million americans in the criminal justice system. this story of a resuppresssive country, a country that is fearful, comes to a point at the immigration story. this is a story that comes up multiple times, and all of a sudden, the story of winking america becomes the story of a terrified america, and i think that in the immigration story we begin to see exactly what separates the two americas. immigration and worry about immigration is as old as america itself. one of the first great american best sellers, a book by maria monk. she at any time write it. ministers did. but it s a pornographic account of the horrors of catholicism. nuns in contents convents, getting pregnant and murdering babies. i was stunned that despite all those various forms of horror about immigration, it wasn t until the 1870s that immigration became a question of borders. and it became a question of borders about chinese of the 1870s. the united states tried to resist, lunatics, idiots, peel with moral turpitude and people with contagious diseases and all wrapped around the fear of the chinese immigrants. by the way, mexicans no problem at all. they could come and go as they wanted. wouldn t stay forever, and in fact a great wave of chinese smuggled in was to pretend they were mexicans. how things change. the immigration story i think kind of reveals the story of two americas. when does smuggling trigger a particularly intensive alarm? my reading of the book peter i d be interested in your comment is when it s about smuggling creates alarm when it s about the definition of america itself. one it defines when it is about defining us as opposed to them. the endless debates of the culture war trigger the most intense border protections that americans know. when the question of american-ness, the question of who are we, is at stake, the borders are loose. when it becomes a question of us versus them, when it becomes a question of culture war, then it s a different story entirely. and so two stories, one tolerant, one intolerant, and the difference turning on this question, this construction of who we are. to be a little provocative, i wrote a series of levels, economics, smuggling is all over the map. sometimes taken intentionally, sometimes not so intensely. smuggling that turns moral far more intense, not surprising in a puritan nation but the greatest intolerance of smuggling has something to do with the question of who are we, the smuggling of irish. the stories of the irish black americans, latinos, muslims, those stories are the one that get america going. let me conclude by just giving you one larger tale in this marvelous book, and that s the tale of prohibition that i think ties together much of what many of the strands i have been suggesting. prohibition, if you haven t read it and you haven t read the book you ll be surprised to hear is arguably the most sustained reform movement in american history. not the one you would have picked. nevertheless there it is. i you take the number of people involved in the and the percentage of the population, it s not even a contest. there were a series of waves by the 1850s, three different states outlawed alcohol. and then after endless effort, a century of trial, americans stopped the drinking of alcohol . no that put on tried to stop the drinking of alcohol from coast-to-coast. first, why did it hap? there s a series of explanations. one, foreigners again. the big cities, particularly on the east coast, but los angeles, too. the big cities were full of foreigners who hung out in saloons and had to be controlled. they were ruining america. the people in the heartlands who always voted for prohibition were particularly worried about the threat of others. race. the final wheels of prohibition started in the south and exactly the time when jim crow goes into place between 1905 and 1915. the idea of trying to control african-americans, needing to control african-americans, led to the idea that we had to control drink throughout the south. so prohibition becomes very important. all wrapped up with trying to keep african-americans in their place after 50 years of struggle following the self-war. it was crucial for prohibition that the democrats retook congress, by the way, in the wilson administration. third, very differently, it was a women s issue. it was a moral issue that was part of the effort to stop violence against women in the 19th and early 20th century. whatever women s suffrage was, prohibition in every case but one fell on a state level the following year. the one state was new york. world war i, as peter writes in his book so we have foreigners, race, the moral uplift of gender, and finally, world war i. world war i made the whole effort of prohibition a patriotic effort, as did the commencement at brown university, the president looks out at the young men going off to fight and says, you will be the great chin army, the most christian army the world has ever nope. and then he turns to the rest of the audience and says, can we do anything less? and then makes his appeal for prohibition. what a story in this chapter peter tells, controlling them, moral aspiration, and patriotism. but the consequence is interesting. the rise of big government. the rise of big government usually attributed to the new deal. all those things roosevelt tried. he never tried anything as ambitious as telling people from coast to coast, that shall not drink. and today, all the institutions filled up to run out liquor are now cheerfully applied by the supreme court in the effort to end drugs. incidentally, speaking of marijuana, this narrative of prohibition this is where i differ with peter the narrative of prohibition is what? a failure. the newspaper like to have reporters go into a strange city and see how long it would take for them to find an illegal drink, and in the big cities if it took you more than ten minutes you weren t really trying. but there s another narrative about prohibition and that is it succeeded. it seeded in the conservative areas of the country, in the south, and in the mid-western heardland, all the places that wanted to see, we re not like those people in the cities. we re not foreigner. we re americans, and we believe in prohibition. to this day a half the counties in the united states are still dry. you just don t find those dry counties in places like rhode island, which is just to say that the culture wars and the efforts pretty hib biggs so beautifully described in the book, go on, and everybody on the panel has said, that s not very good news for america or for our friends and neighbors around the world, but it is fairly good news indeed for the longevity that this book will have. thank you. [applause] i think it s only fair at this point that peter respond to some of the comments. what too you think? actually i m not going to say much. i m still tie jesting the comments. i must say that some of my colleagues explain and decipher, make sense of the book better than i did. and so i was thinking, what am i going to do with these comments? the next edition i will have i ll footnote you appropriately. my preference would be to open it up to questions. on this side there s a mobile mic. please stand behind the mic that is available on the stand on this side. mobile mic down here first. thank you, professor. you talked about the transition when the u.s. went from a growth economy based on smuggling, at least partly, to the hypocritical switch to become an enforcing against it. is that transition that allowed countries around the world to replicate. so, could you, for one, speak to what the catalyst of the transition was, whether it was organic or policy issues, and then, two, what should the government down in south america or brazil or the new administration in beijing, what [inaudible] great questions. i m going rephrase your question. how did the united states become a hegemonic global policing superpower, right? that s contextual in the sense it s part of the larger rise of america at the world s superpower system. we think of military power and we think in termed of economic power, the largest economy in the world. and so the addition here is to look at the law enforcement side of things, and not just domestically or at the border but the aggressive effort to export our preferred policing priorities, laws, criminalizations and so on, and this is actually drawing from the become that rich mentioned, policing the globe, which i did with a co-author. it s striking. this gets to a piece about the moral righteousness and moralizing of american history. the other story. there s an exporting of u.s. prohibition. so not just what is happening domestically. so he just the u.n. agreement on antitrafficking and antimoney laundering and antidrug trafficking, you dig deep enough you ll see fingerprints of u.s. officials all over them. so in the a sense the internationalization of smuggling is the story of americanization of antismuggling. would anyone else like to jump in on the question? i guess we ll move on to the next. thanks for use the mic. thanks to the panel and to mr. up a trayas for write can the book. i wanted to ask peter whether the book is really about or whether it s about something else, namely legalization and decriminalization of drug laws or a lot of things that are fairly illegal. here s the reason i ask this question. there or two ways to respond to hip pock kris, one is to say this person as a moralizer and should stop moralizing and stop criticizing, and the other is to try to lip live up to the ideal that some claim to have. but i don t think you think there s a response to the history that we have had in the past, at least for the u.s. to start basically prosecuting more to increase regular las vegas regulation within the u.s. my suspicion is that really your concern is about decriminalization and legalization. is that right or the response to the charge of american hypocrisy, and more domestic enforcement of the kind of limits on smuggling we want to see internationally? another great question. hip hypocrisy does not appear in the book but i did a book event in washington, dc a few weeks ago and also last week, and all the commentators brought up hypocrisy so i went out to large, and but it s implicit, and so implicit i don t frame it that way, and again, next edition, hypocrisy will be underscored. i try to decipher your dinks between distinction between the stories about the message. certainly the message i don t want people to misinterpret, certainly not in washington, that, well, because the u.s. did x, everyone now today should be able to do x. so, if you really took that logic to its logical conclusion, well, we would return to the slave trade. basically. we would have just a complete return to some past practices that i don t think anyone wants to return to. and endangered species legislation. extremely imperfect. very weak. . that would be partly right, but to really claim that is to miss the larger point. if i can jump in there, um, it s really interesting that mark starts right from the beginning and says what does jump out at you when you read the book. it s a pretty hypocritical nation, but that the author says i didn t see it that way. and i think you can read it not as hypocrisy, but as how americans have constructed the way they think about their borders. so if you come from a cynical perspective, you think they re delusional. they re either hypocrites or delusional, but i think andreas is trying to get at something more complicated which is how we construct the way we see the world. and so we don t have a category of smuggling as expansive as the reality. so we keep making these various constructions to kind of explain what we re about. and i think you could really see two different frames. one is a peculiar set of constructions, and that s what peter s really seen and done, and then you sort of draw back at it and say, well, hypocrisy or delusional. because they re one yous look at them once you look at them they re sort of peculiar. constructionism, what is it? i d hand them this book and say read this and you ll really get it. the policy implications are not at all systematic here. and really some things he is really arguing we should completely demobilize. this is stupid. he himself is smuggling toilet paper. other things he s saying, no, you know? watching the it s horrible stories about wildlife being smuggled into the country. you know, you want capital punishment for those people, what they re doing to, you know, the snakes and turtles and stuff. so you can t just say this is an argument for or against a particular policy. it s deeper than that. if you like trees, you want capital punishment for the toilet paper smugglers too. [laughter] should have let that one out of the bag. have to read the preface. and moving away from toilet paper [laughter] first, as you said,. [inaudible] one of the most famous [inaudible] it allows britain to take hong kong. opium is illegal, it s imimportanted from india imported from india, exported into southern china. the importation of tea into britain, and it provides a lot of supplement to [inaudible] the army was stationed in india, but the navy [inaudible] and the two worked together. and there are other examples which can be cited. however, the second question and the more important one, even those who are not scholars of american politics like me who have lived here [inaudible] and have learned a lot about american politics [inaudible] have noticed that they re turning again and again to [inaudible] now, um, what i have got your book only a few days ago, i haven t read it. perhaps you solve this problem. i think it s partially [inaudible] but i have a slightly different take on it. one can say that the deep moral urge of american politics [inaudible] remarkable things that leaders have said again and again, they re just a form of [inaudible] or one can take the position that sam huntington s taken in his very interesting book. not everyone agrees with it, but let me remind you what the basic argument was. [inaudible] one of the first books i read on american politics. yeah. [inaudible] europeans say america is a lie. america is not a lie, america is a disappointment. america is a disappointment [inaudible] america is a disappointment because the ideals it set itself were virtually unattainable in [inaudible] so you would always have a gap between what america does and what america proposes [inaudible] that gap can be narrowed, but huntington argues cannot disappear because those values laid out in the declaration of independence are not simultaneously [inaudible] there will always be an element, therefore, of [inaudible] so is this underperformance of some kind or at least to some extent always [inaudible] you re not going to escape the hypocrisy trap. [laughter] i try. the. it s the theme of the evening. it s interesting, you asked is it this or is it this, and i, actually, my instincts are that it s both. it s a false dichotomy, if you will. and the ideals versus practice that huntington pointed out as this huge gap, arguably, and this get toss the comparative question that was alluded to which is that s the very nature of the state. i mean, the gap between law and its enforcement. and some of those gaps are most glaringly apparent in the kind of smuggling activities that i point to. arguably, the united states has set the most ambitious laws in some respects. zero tolerance drugs, right? secure borders, right? just the very language the war on druggings. no one else drugs. no one else calls it a war suggesting it s a super serious effort, right? so that suggests the gap is a pit larger because the evasions are so glare, and the ambitions are equally glaring. so i guess in a sense i m agreeing with huntington, but sure, there s a hypocrisy here. again, people talking about hypocrisy. jim mentioned just now that he says i don t think it s about hypocrisy. in some ways he s right, but in some ways i feel it s so much of a hypocrisy that i don t even have to say it. why tell people the obvious thing in that sense? the last thing i ll say about your comments is that far better job than i can in terms of deciphering american moral outrage is the book, hellfire nation, which when i first arrived at brown, within a year or two, he published it, gave me a copy. it s actually significantly fatter than this book. [laughter] and i ll be honest, it was in some ways inspirational. i mean, here was a colleague who had rewritten american history over centuries through the narrative of moralizing and moral discourse and focusing mostly on religion. and lightbulbs went off in my held, and we had many drinks and dinners over this. it s like i can tell a more political economy story over various forms of smuggling. so where we actually overlap in this history is the come stock story, the sex trafficking, and the antipornography and the birth control eradication e.s and the prohibition story which he rightly ended his comments on. other places we differed dramatically, but even that comstock cartoon, i ll be honest, the one that rich snyder mentioned, it s the one image in the book that i had to track down that was in jim marone s book. and it was hard to track down because i couldn t find it anywhere. finally i said, jim, where d you get it? this archive at yale university. so that one image is similar in both books, but i was pleased the publisher allowed me to reproduce over 40 images as long long, of course, as i paid the royalties for it. last but not least, not to take up too much time. when you were first talking about, you know, other countries being, um, smuggler nations and so on, and the british story of the opium trade. in the introduction towards the end, i ll just realize a short paragraph. there is nothing uniquely american about smuggling, of course. all nations are smuggler nations. indeed, some of these have been smuggler empires. [laughter] consider, for instance, the crucial role of opium smuggling in financing the british empire in the 19th century. no so-called drug cartel today comes remotely close to matching the power of the british east india company which enjoyed a monopoly on the china opium trade in its heydey. more questions? comments, interjections? we re going to have of to talk about hypocrisy again, so come on. bring it on. [laughter] pack back again? are we still a smuggler nation? yeah. sure, absolutely. part of the point of the book is that history continues, and we re very much a smuggler nation today. but part of the point of the book is all the alarmism and anxiety and hand wringing in washington over the fact that we are a smuggler nation today has all these historical precedents and arguably, depending on how you look at it, interpret it, it s less consequential today than it was at america s founding, less consequential today, you know, in the industrialization story, for example, or westward expansion story. various wars of the 19th century that the united states was, you know, implicated in including america s own civil war. we talk about blood diamonds, well, we could have talked about blood cotton if some ngo had come up with the term. but, absolutely, this is where the issue of change where rich mentioned his comments. it s not just a book about continuity, but change. so the realm of cyber smuggling, right? this is totally new and different. it s still smuggling, but it s inside of cyberspace. there s no territorial borders that are being physically crossed, but we re a smuggler university, smuggler student body. my students are experts at downloading music illegally and movies illegally and so on, and the police, you know, they get notices at your dorm saying you ve used too much, students, actually, you re getting notices telling you to stop downloading so much, and you ll get your system cut off otherwise. so that s new and different, right? then dangerrerred the endangered species is new and different in terms of decades. i have a discussion in the last chapter about the black market baby trade which we don t talk about very much. kind of uncomfortable, hush-hush. frankly, the united states is the number one to use a crude word importer of babies in the world, and a certain number, unknown number of them come from, through adoption processes that are very questionable. gray markets where guatemala actually had to shut down its adoption business because it was so corrupt and so much examples of actual trafficking. um, and that just doesn t get the attention that it does. but it s part of the profile of the united states today as a smuggler nation in a way that wouldn t have been true, say, you know, a century ago. and you could add organs, human body parts as well. technology s an important piece here. technology has enabled not just the cyber smuggling, but also the organ raid and so on. though another point i make in the book in the last chapter is technology also can put some illicit trades out of business. so you can imagine, fast forward into the future if you can actually artificially create some human organs and reasonably access my and cheaply, it ll put down the black market organ trade. so it may just be a transitional thing over the last x number of decades. please. come closer to the microphone, please. [inaudible] have grown hand in hand with traditions and especially with drug [inaudible] and illegal immigration. well [inaudible] i will be curious to know what is being, what will be the future of those bureaucracies if the rules were to change [inaudible] what will happen with the dea and all [inaudible] that s a great question. um, i mean, the immigration question is, we ve already determined what s going to happen. the immigration and naturalization service, ins, is defunct. it was folded into the department of homeland security. so a single issue agency, ins, of which immigration control is its core mission s now part of a larger homeland security mission which at the top of the list is prioritizing counterterrorism, right? so, and regardless i don t see any dramatic liberalization of borders to the flow of people anytime soon though there will be some reforms coming up if things go as the obama administration hopes in washington, certainly in relationship to mexico. drugs though, see, what s different an interesting difference between the fbi, say, which is the largest federal police force and the dea, the dea is a single-issue agency. its or very survival depends on a singular focus on one thing whereas the fbi will never be put out of business because of lots of different activities, so they ve got a long, healthy life ahead of them. dea, take marijuana out, you start it s potentially more problematic. an interesting hint of the problem facing the dea, and thai actually grown they ve actually grown dramatically in recent decades, is after 9/11. so that a single-issue agency drugs, drugs, drugs, drugs suddenly the name of game in washington is terrorists, terrorists, terrorists. so suddenly the main theme at the dea is drugs in terrorism. so they testify in congress, there s whole hearings on the relationship between drugs and terrorism and so on. i m not suggesting those links don t exist or they re not important, but it s just interesting how the selling of their job shifted to saying, hey, we are crucially important to the war on terror. hi [inaudible] can you come closer to the mic? [inaudible] whatever trading s being done is harmful to civilians. but i was wondering if you could maybe speak to examples where the sort of trade might be beneficial in some way if you ve ever walked down a street [inaudible] you ll see american dvds on the ground being sold [inaudible] intellectual property [inaudible] but at the same time there is sort of this [inaudible] ideals, pop culture are spreald throughout the world spread throughout the world through illegal means. that s a great question. kind of a two-part question or then a comment and a question. one is you stated at the starting point that the illicit reflects some kind of harm automatically and, frankly, one of the stories in the book is not necessarily true. i mean, alcohol is now perfectly legal. we take it for granted. but it s far more harmful than marijuana. one is illegal and the other one s not. there s not an automatic correlation between criminalization and the harm something causes to society. but your story, your second point which is framed in terms of a question was really how much harm is this sort of bootleg copies of this or that on the streets of mexico city or lima or what not and, frankly, a mixed bag at worse and relatively benign at best. certainly such a low priority for law enforcement that the companies that are most concerned about this often have to coach them, actually pay them or pay private security firms to do some of the enforcing to take it seriously. because, basically, cops around the world have one thing in common which is violent crime trumps other types of crime. murder s the most important thing. well, ip theft is, you know, in the spectrum of violent, illicit trades it s the less violent of them, and your last point was quite telling which is there is an upside for companies. um, what is the word? play jarrism is the greatest form of flattery? you know you ve maid it when people want to made it when people want to copy you. the brand is, in fact, being proliferated for free around the world, right? so there s an upside. in fact, arguably there s even a recent book written about this by cal [inaudible] at ucla law school that each the fashion industry, the ripoff of those designs actually spurs innovation and that we have to be very careful about not getting too sort of draconian about cracking down because we may actually repress creative forces in the first place. i think i just want to reinforce the point peter made in response that [inaudible] and legality are separate dimensions. i mean, to believe that everything illegal is bad and everything legal is good you would have to believe that, you know, guns are good. they re legal. and condoms are bad because they were all legal. during an earlier period. and one of the great utilities or uses of an historical perspective and also a comparative cross-national perspective is to alert us to the menu of feasible options historically of possibilities in the contemporary moment. you can travel to other countries where things that are legal in one place are not legal there and get a sense of what things might look like in the original country. and you can travel in time historically to moments where things are legal now or illegal and get a sense of possibilities that breaks you out of simplistic equations. please. i m very interested. we ve gone almost an hour and a half, and you did talk about the browns, but you didn t talk about another immigrant family, which you may have, that was from smuggling and in the next generation went into public service, and that was the kennedys. yeah. and is that discussed? it s a good question. he s [inaudible] so no. [laughter] it s interesting, there s a lot of mythology about joe kennedy as some kind of smuggler during prohibition. but the best recent book written about prohibition is by someone named daniel [inaudible] and it served as the basis for the recent pbs documentary series. earl morris, i think, was the director, i m not sure, on the prohibition era. he devotes a whole last section of the book, not very long, but the myth of joe kennedy actually being involved in smuggling. he did make money off of alcohol right at the end of prohibition, but technically speaking he was more of a speculator than a smuggler. but somehow, it s interesting, there is this sort of taken for granted mythology that a made the this money bootlegging. no irish. no, the real profiteers in this particular story, um, were the bronsons from canada who bought seagrams and some of the fam family funded respectful institutions in canada. they got their start through prohibition and pushed sometimes aggressively competitors aside. so they had this questionable origins and completely went legit. interesting. the california wine industry also got a huge boost from prohibition. they would set out casks with warning labels which said warning after six months, if this liquid is this grape juice is allowed to sit for six months, it will become alcohol and illegal. and people bought it [laughter] and they really expanded the industry. it was wine which has a lot of volume unlike whiskey. so that was part of the item sis or the fertilization of the california [inaudible] if anyone went to san francisco, the cocktail of choice is a sort of campari-type liqueur, and it could convince anyone that this wasn t alcohol because it s so spicy and so dark that it s some kind of herbal medicine. and quite a lot of alcohol s not made that way. the other one, of course, is the relationship between the greeks and white wine, putting, batesically, pine basically, putting pine oil into your wine at least if you re turkish because they were the ones charging the taxes. [laughter] further questions? issues? comments? i think we ll say thank you very much to peter and thank you all for coming. [applause] you re watching booktv on c-span2, 48 hours of nonfiction authors and books every weekend. could have wanted more but within the confines of a book, you can only do so much. so we wanted diversity. we wanted democrats, republicans. we wanted different parts of the country. to some extempt, we wanted different extent we wanted different ages. we knew on the basis of nine you can t make generalizations that are 100% certain. and we say as much in the book. i think our conclusions are hypotheses that other people might now run with. but in order to make even those kinds of hypotheses, we needed a fairly diverse group. yeah. we also included women. you know, there s a white house project that s been around for the last couple of elections cycles, and they had eight in 08. so several of the women that the white house project has identified several years before the 2008 election olympia snowe, kathleen sebelius were both in there and, you know, we wanted to also consider this notion. barbara lee, who had been here several years ago when you did the last year on the madam presidents six years ago with her foundation had talked about looking at women governorrings. so we wanted to look at the women governors who had been through barbara lee s training as sort of the pipeline to the presidency. we also made the observation that when a male is elected to senatorship, immediately he s cast as a future presidential hopeful. for example, scott brown hadn t even been sworn in yet in massachusetts, and the url scottbrown2012 was already purchased. but so many women had been in washington for so many years as legislators and working on important work, and yet their names never bubbled to the top. and we were curious why not? how did you decide that you wanted to write this book? i mean, all three of you studied similar topics, but how did the book actually come about? it was your idea, ted. well, i guess it was my idea. i ve been a political nerd since i was, you know [laughter] i don t know, my parents still remember my sister and i have 1960 my sister and i in 1960 staging a nixon/kennedy debate with our stuffed animals. [laughter] my elephant beat her rabbit. [laughter] and during all of those nerddom, what always fascinated me or were the magazine issues that would come out way in advance of a presidential election that would preview the 8 or 10 or 12 people who ought to be considered. and it simply struck me after seeing so many of those issues of so many magazines that women were not making it on that list. they were not being thought to be presidential. they were thought for some reason not to be of presidential timbre. and so as an academic you tend to ask, well, why? and that, to me, was the origin of the book. watch this and other programs online at booktv.org. here s a list of the best selling nonfiction e-book and print titles according to the new york times. this list reflects sales as of february 21st. at the top of the list is chris kyle s american sniper. the late ex-navy seal recalls his experience being america s most lethal sniper. mr. kyle appeared on booktv to discuss this book, and you can watch that program online at booktv.org. second, neurosurgeon evan alexander recounts his near-death experience in proof of heaven. the book s been on the list for 16 weeks. u.s. supreme court justice sonia sotomayor is third with my beloved world. justice sotomayor recently discussed on booktv to discuss her book appeared on booktv to discuss her book. jenna hill debuts on the list at number four with her story of leaving the church of scientology with beyond belief. number five, lawrence wright in going clear: scientology, hollywood and the prison of belief. co-authors bill o reilly and martin dugard appear back to back on the list with their books killing kennedy
year at this time we ve seen three times as many flu patients as we ve seen all of last year. reporter: more than 50 cases a day of flu-like symptoms. is it fair to say you are overwhelmed? i d say yes we re at overflow right now, we definitely are, we re very busy. reporter: patients like lawrence johansson. yesterday morning, fever, feeling terrible. reporter: you look like you feel lousy. i do. reporter: at brigham and women s hospital, 50 more already this year than all of last year. veteran e.r. doctor, dr. charles pazner. patients feel like they re run over by a bus, body aches, joint aches, feverish, oftentimes have sweats. reporter: in chicago hospitals are so overwhelmed with patients seven have closed their emergency departments diverting ambulances to other facilities. at a hospital in allentown, pennsylvania, they re dealing with the onslaught of patients by triaging them in a tent in the parking lot. this influenza virus is tenacious. dropless can be anywhere. how can you avoid the flu? there are some simple precautions. wash your hands frequently, 15 to 30 seconds at a time, keep your hands away from your eyes and nose. you touch your face more than 2,000 times a day and that s the easiest place for the virus to latch on. so far i don t think it s peaked yet. it s still rising. reporter: if you think you re at risk, the answer might be a click away. on flunearyou.org 20,000 volunteers are compiling reports so you can check how severe the outbreak is in your zip code, there s a facebook that checks status words for cough and sneeze. cdc has an app that tracks data state by state. if you think you have the flu, call your primary doctor immediately. don t go immediately to the emergency room. the hallmark remains prevention and for almost everyone out there, that s a flu shot. we undervalue prevention in this country, brian. i think we have to drive home the fact this is a virus that can put you in the icu within 48 hours. this is not a season to fiddle around with. the flu shot is a good one this year. it s good, a perfect match and available. dr. nancy snyderman starting us off tonight thanks as always. our climate is in the news tonight as well, the big insurance giant, the company called munich re says a natural disasters caused $160 billion around the world in 2012. sandy, of course, was a big part of that in the east and it s still costing. in the midwest, it was the drought. the new numbers coincide with the official numbers with a look at just how hot our past year was and our report tonight on this from our chief environmental correspondent, anne thompson. reporter: raging infernos, surging seas, howling winds. 2012 was extreme weather, hotter than any year on record. the results, federal scientists say of nature and manmade climate change. the 2012 temperatures are part of a long-term warming trend and that is associated with climate change. it is hard to pinpoint what percentage climate change has of a role in the 2012 temperatures. it did have a role. reporter: under normal conditions we should see one record high for every record low but in the first decade of the century we saw two record highs for each record low. in 2011, it was three-to-one and last year, five record highs for each low. in 2012, much of the country sweltered. one out of every three americans had at least ten days where they had to deal with temperatures at or above 100 degrees. that s a lot of heat. reporter: all that heat plus a lack of rain and snowfall created a historic drought that still grips over half the country today, making the mississippi river less than mighty, so shallow in places barge traffic could come to a halt. i think that we re looking at some very risky situations for the middle of the country for the coming year, the persistence of the drought so far is a real concern. reporter: extreme weather caused extreme hardship, 11 disasters topping $1 billion in losses, 125 people killed in superstorm sandy alone. it s not just the u.s. catastrophic wildfires raged across southeast australia this week fueled by triple-digit heat that forced the government to add a new color to its maps purple, indicating up to 122 degrees. back in this country the city of chicago normally snow covered in january today tied the record for the most days without at least one inch of snow, 319. now the reason this record of 2012 is significant is because what it signals for our future. federal scientists say we can expect warmer years to become more frequent with more and bigger intense heat waves and perhaps more drought, brian. about the last thing we needed to hear but it s news because of that. anne thompson, thank you as always. now we turn to gun control and our post newtown era. the white house is gearing up for a fight on this issue, announcing today they will meet with representatives of the nra later this week. nba s ron mott covering this story for us. reporter: two years ago today 9-year-old christina-taylor green was the youngest shot in a grocery store. in a new campaign her mother is pleading for stricter gun laws. i have one question for our leaders, when will you find the courage to stand up to the gun lobby? reporter: her questions are part of a growing chorus around the country for gun prevention. today, calls for action were joined by a new voice, former congresswoman gabrielle giffords who was shot in the head in the arizona spree, launching an effort to curb gun violence. gabby and i are both gun owners. we are strong supporters of the second amendment but we ve got to do something from getting the guns into the wrong hands. reporter: it s a sentiment that seems to be spreading. a gallup poll taken after newtown says 58% are tougher on gun sales. up 15 points from 2011 and nearly 2/3, 62% say it s time to ban high capacity ammunition magazines, the kinds often used in mass killings. all of this talk of gun restrictions meant banged up business at second amendment sports in tucson. because of the word banned on the political side we re seeing more of that fear purchasing. reporter: andy stopped in to buy his wife a handgun. people are going to be passionate about their weapons and the second amendment. reporter: the white house is preparing its strategy to address gun violence which is expected to include a push for background checks on almost all gun purchases, reinstatement of the assault weapons ban and stronger penalties for gun traffickers. among the groups invited to meet, the national rifle association. you want one more law on top of 20,000 laws, when most of the federal gun laws we don t even enforce. we have to just keep the talk going. reporter: sarah brady, who led the fight for handgun control after the 1981 assassination attempt against president reagan left her husband paralyzed hope this amounts to more than just talk. we cannot have a long conversation about this. we ve got to have action and we ve got to have action quickly or it will fade. nbc news learned family members and victims of the newtown, connecticut, tragedy, will soon announce they, too, have formed a new organization, brian, they want to be part of this ongoing dialogue. this issue is still top of mind. ron mott with us in the studio, thanks. in colorado a harrowing day at the pretrial hearing in the case of another accused mass shooter, james holmes, charged with killing 12 people, injuring 58 others in the july shooting rampage at the aurora, colorado, movie theater. prosecutors played 911 tapes, one of which included anguished cries for help from a 13-year-old with two cousins inside, including a 6-year-old, both gravely wounded. in another call you could hear 30 shots ring out in the background over the course of a telephone call to 911 that lasted 27 seconds before the caller s voice was drowned out. there is news tonight about that attack on the u.s. consulate in benghazi that killed four americans. the only suspect in that attack has been set free in tunisia. his attorney says the judge let him go due to a lack of evidence. we also learned secretary of state hillary clinton pictured at the white house today and back on the job this week will testify later this month about the benghazi attack. senator bob corker tells our own andrea mitchell mrs. clinton is likely to testify the morning of january 22nd. now to aviation for the second night in a row there s trouble to report with one of boeing s new 787 dreamliners. the aircraft a whole lot of people had hailed as the future of american aviation, yesterday it was a fire, today a mishap moments before takeoff, for a planeload of passengers. tom costello covers aviation for us, he s with us from san diego tonight. tom, good evening. reporter: hi, brian. this actually occurred in boston today, japan airlines 787, japan airlines yesterday as well, but today they were just about to depart fully loaded with passengers when they developed some sort of a fuel leak and they lost 40 gallons right there on the ramp. they went back to the gate, fixed the problem, the plane did, in fact, leave for tokyo but we can tell you that this follows yesterday s incident also involving a japan airlines 787, that was a belly, the fire in the belly of the plane, i should say. investigators now think that s tied to an auxiliary power unit, a battery pack and there have been other emergency landings and problems with electrical systems over the last few months or so. united airlines has ordered inspections of all of its 787s. most aviation experts believe that these are problems with a high-tech plane but they could also start to undermine confidence in the 787. brian? tom costello on the latest problem from san diego tonight, tom, thanks. now to an unwelcome surprise for millions of americans this new year, health insurance premiums that are causing sticker shock, double-digit increases in some places, suddenly a whole lot of families are watching this happen in the era of the so-called affordable care act, better known as obama care. we get an explanation here tonight from nbc s lisa myers. reporter: as a pediatrician, dr. jan mayzell knows all about rising medical costs but she was stunned to discover the cost of her own health insurance is going up a whopping 25% this year. i m impacting my ability to retire because i m depleting my savings to keep this health insurance. reporter: some insurance companies in california including anthem blue cross, aetna and blue shield of california are proposing rate increases of 20% or more for some individual customers. today the california insurance commissioner deemed one proposed group increase unreasonable and accused companies are trying to maximize profits. it s a disaster. it explains why we have 6 million to 7 million californians who simply can t afford health insurance and it s not going to get any better. reporter: and it s not just california. in florida and ohio, insurers have instituted double-digit rate increases. new york, which unlike california has power to roll back rates has generally held increases below 10%. overall medical costs are projected to rise only 7.5% this year, so some experts are puzzled by the double-digit premium increases, and question whether it has something to do with the obama care law, which will bring big changes next year. they know they re going to have a lot of changes and lose some business and get new business anyway. it may be that this is the best strategy for them to maximize profits for this year. reporter: the insurance companies insist they are not profiteering and say higher premiums are the result of simple math and a few early costs of obama care. premiums are going up because costs are going up. two, because of the population that s being served, is it older and sicker versus younger and healthy, and three, the new requirements with respect to regulatory issues as well as benefit, new benefits requirements. reporter: and they warn that with added requirements and taxes under the new health care law, some consumers can expect significant increases again next year. lisa myers, nbc news, washington. still ahead, as we continue on a tuesday night, the news tonight about alcohol, women, and the increasing health risks they face. and later, why some serious people are saying if the government only minted a $1 trillion coin, it could actually save us from economic disaster. back now a disturbing new look at at growing problem of binge drinking in our country today. the centers for disease control warn excessive drinking is a problem especially for women in the united states and results in the death of some 23,000 women and girls every year. our report from rehema ellis. reporter: in movies, tv and music, it s art imitating life. you smell like booze. reporter: according to a new report by the cdc, younger women aren t just drinking in large numbers, the drinking is becoming potentially dangerous, and is often overlooked as a health problem for women who respond to alcohol differently than men. some of these differences include females being more susceptible to the effect of alcohol on risk of cancer, the effects of alcohol on the liver, females are more susceptible to the effects of alcohol on the brain in terms of brain damage. reporter: binge drinking is defined as at least four drinks at one occasion, something young women say they see all the time. women may be like to let loose and have fun. they want to go and drink and relax. reporter: in a survey of 278,000 women 18 and older nearly 14 million women binge drink about three times a month, that s one in eight women. among 7,500 high school girls the report finds one in five report binge drinking. who is most likely to binge drink? white and hispanic women between 18 and 34 years old, and those with household incomes of $75,000 or more. why is it happening? experts say it could be pressure. one of the things that we might be seeing is a coping mechanism in binge drinking, and alcohol is being something to be stress relief. reporter: experts say more education is needed to help young women make wise choices about whether they should drink alcohol and how much. rehema ellis, nbc news, new york. and we re back in a moment with the night the luck o the irish ran out. chances are, you re not made of money, so don t overpay for motorcycle insurance. geico, see how much you could save. we learned overnight one of the great nonfiction writers of our times, richard ben cramer, has died. if you were a young journalist in this country wanting to know how best to cover politics, campaigns and politicians, richard cramer s book what it takes it all it took. it chronicled the 1988 campaign as it focused on bush 41, on bush 41, dukakis, biden and all the educated at johns hopkins and columbia. richard ben cramer died of lung cancer at the age of 62. well, you know how they say roll tide. the tide certainly rolled right over notre dame last night as alabama owned the bcs college championship game. from the get-go there were sad irish eyes all over this today. a 42-14 thumping for the crimson tide of alabama. their third national championship in four years. when we come back here tonight, the new push to settle the next big fight in congress. why some are saying we should really just make a very valuable coin. finally here tonight, so we survived the fiscal cliff after all. the next dire circumstance you re going to hear us talking about around here is the debt ceiling, which, make no mistake, has the capacity to crash the u.s. economy. so wouldn t it be just like the current thinking in washington and the cast of characters there if they could mint a coin they could spend that could solve the problem. believe it or not, some serious people are asking, why not? our report tonight from nbc s kevin tibbles. one fight down is another taken up. reporter: deadlock in washington? again? take all the fights we had, and put them all in one fight. some are even threatening another government shutdown. reporter: how to solve it. what if we simply minted a platinum trillion-dollar coin? not entirely new, the trillion-dollar bill was introduced on the simpsons. ooh, a trillion-dollar bill, that s a spicy meatball. reporter: still it is an idea getting a lot of currency online. petition with more than 6,000 signatures and nobel prize winning economist paul krugman says the president should be ready to mint that coin. in theory the treasury would mint the trillion-dollar coin and then walk it over to the federal reserve for deposit, so the government can pay its bills. oops. is it legal? technically the treasury doesn t need the permission of congress to mint platinum coins, but does it make economic sense? this whole coin business doesn t deal with the debt and deficit issue and it does not make it go away. my name is david greenstein and i m a professional numismatist. easy for you to say. reporter: we visited a coin dealer to figure out how big it would need to be. solid platinum 747 aircraft to have $1 trillion worth of platinum. reporter: some suggest it s a political ploy. we should have known a coin was obama s solution to everything. it was right there in his slogan, change. reporter: the next big political battle will most certainly be whose face gets to be on it. obama? boehner? or maybe bieber. kevin tibbles, nbc news, chicago. that is our broadcast on a tuesday night. thank you for being here with us. i m brian williams. we hope to see you right back here tomorrow evening. we hope to see you right back here tomorrow evening. good night. captions by vitac www.vitac.com right now at 6:00, who is the man behind the barge? new details about the tanker crash at the bay bridge and the pil pilot s checkered history. reporter: and in san jose we may soon see more curbside dining outside. i ll tell you why it may cost the city nothing. surgery suspended the problem left in the east bay hospital scrambling this afternoon. good evening and thanks for joining us. i m jessica aguirre. and i m raj mathai. it could have been disastrous. everyone is having trouble understanding how it exactly happened. tonight federal investigators are joining the probe into what s being now called a major incident. an oil tanker hitting the bay bridge for the first time excuse me, for the second time in five years. we have live team coverage tonight. bay area s arturo santiago will take a look at why the tanker was allowed to go underneath the bridge when the visibility was so poor. the latest on the investigation from treasure island. jodi? reporter: the coast guard says it wrapped up its first interview of the pilot today. we understand he is an expert at navigating ships through the nuances of the bay. he has done it hundreds and hundreds of times before. now he s in the hot seat as investigators try to figure out what went wrong. a ship hitting the bay bridge, that s a big deal. we love the bay and we want to see it protected. reporter: that s why investigator are so intent on finding out what caused the 752-foot oil tanker to side twip a tower of the bay bridge, a major