Frontiers | Nested Climate Accounting for Our Atmospheric Commons—Digital Technologies for Trusted Interoperability Across Fragmented Systems

The Paris Agreement’s decentralized and bottom-up approach to climate action poses an enormous accounting challenge by substantially increasing the number of heterogeneous national, sub-national, and non-state actors. Current legacy climate accounting systems and mechanisms are insufficient to avoid information asymmetry and double-counting due to actor heterogeneity and fragmentation. This paper presents a nested climate accounting architecture that integrates several innovative digital technologies, such as Distributed Ledger Technology, Internet of Things, machine learning, and concepts such as nested accounting and decentralized identifiers to improve interoperability across accounting systems. Such an architecture can enhance capacity building and technology transfer to the Global South by creating innovation groups, increasing scalability of accounting solutions that can lead to leapfrogging into innovative systems designs, and improving inclusiveness.

Related Keywords

New York ,United States ,Taiwan ,Copenhagen ,Køavn ,Denmark ,Paris ,France General ,France ,Utrecht ,Netherlands ,United Kingdom ,Washington ,Taipei ,T Ai Pei ,The Commons ,Massachusetts ,Hasselt ,Limburg ,Kyoto ,Japan ,Bonn ,Nordrhein Westfalen ,Germany ,Jordan ,Connecticut ,Schlatt ,Baden Wüberg ,Brussel ,Bruxelles Capitale ,Belgium ,Estonia ,New Jersey ,Piscataway ,Tallinn ,Harjumaa ,New Haven ,Cambridge ,Cambridgeshire ,World Bank ,District Of Columbia ,Switzerland ,Swiss ,Marco Figuera ,Van Asselt ,World Bank Group ,Wri ,Deloitte ,Conference On Blockchain Research ,Hartnett ,Renewable Energy ,Cambridge University Press ,Applications For Innovative Networks ,World Bank Climate Warehouse Dong ,Ledger Technology ,Iot Networks ,Yale Open Innovation Lab ,Cambridge University ,National Climate Action ,University Of Oxford ,United Nations Sustainable Development Goals ,Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency ,Internet Of Things Ecosystems ,Iterative Product Development For Technical Systems ,Research Agenda ,Network Operations ,Carnegie Corporation Of New York No ,Energy System ,Product Development Management Conference Brussel ,Semantic Research ,Energy Web Insights ,Agile Development Of Complex Technical Systems ,Newclimate Institute ,Hyperledger Telecom Special Interest Group ,World Bank Climate Warehouse Jackson ,European Institute For Advanced Studies In Management ,Digital Ids For Distributed Energy Assets ,Utrecht University ,International Conference On Metadata ,Trends Climate Ledger Initiative ,National Science Foundation Award No ,Blavatnik School Of Government ,World Economic Forum ,Climate Action Ledger Initiative ,German Development Institute Deutsches Institut ,Energy Gco ,Oracle ,Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change ,How Can Initiatives Advance National Contributions ,Bank Transformation ,Paris Agreement ,Global Stocktakes ,Global Covenant ,Corporate Standard ,Greenhouse Gas Accounting ,Distributed Ledger Technology ,World Bank Climate Warehouse ,Inter Planetary File System ,Application Programming Interface ,Standardized Verification ,Zero Knowledge Proofs ,Intergovernmental Panel ,Climate Change ,Global South ,Science Foundation Award ,Carnegie Corporation ,Using Satellites ,Track Indicators ,Global Air Pollution ,Climate Change Impacts ,Lessons Learned ,Supported Science ,Med Abstract ,Crossref Full Text ,Decentralized Identity ,Where Did ,Green Bond Market ,Potential Source ,Climate Finance ,Finance Investment ,Transforming Knowledge Management ,Climate Action ,Road Map ,Accelerated Discovery ,Blockchain Economy ,Cities Dataset ,Navigating Blockchain ,Ledger Initiative ,Tracking Real Time Atmospheric Carbon Emissions ,Blockchain Disruption ,Emerging Digital Technologies ,Smart Contracts ,Complementing Climate Finance ,Legislative Frameworks ,Renewable Energy Projects ,Transforming Climate Finance ,Green Investment ,Academic Press ,Technical Guide For Consultants ,Projects Performance Against ,Green Economy Transition Approach ,Blockchain Model ,Carbon Market ,Citizen Science ,United Nations Sustainable Development ,Blockchain Technologies ,International Conference ,Earth Observations Data Cube ,Swiss Data Cube ,Generating Analysis Ready Data ,Big Earth Data ,Climate Change Accounting ,Systematic Literature ,Performing Accountability ,Face To Account Giving ,Multilateral Climate Transparency ,Multilateral Climate Politics ,All Hands ,Nonstate Climate ,Transnational Climate ,Low Carbon Cities ,European Cities Using Production Based ,Consumption Based Emission Accounting ,Accelerating Decarbonization ,Distributed Energy ,Energy Web ,Validity Testing ,European Institute ,Advanced Studies ,Making Initiatives Resonate ,Tackling Climate Change ,Global Climate Action ,Data Driven ,Environmental Assessment ,Beyond States ,Harnessing Sub National Actors ,Deep Decarbonisation ,Next Generation Digital Ecosystem ,Climate Data Mining ,Knowledge Discovery ,Digital Data Collection ,Big Data ,Aligning Subnational Climate Actions ,New Post Paris Climate ,Climatic Change ,Access Management ,Hyperledger Telecom Special Interest ,Enterprise Value Illustrated ,Prototype Climate Related Financial Disclosure ,Impact Management Project ,Carbon Markets ,Permissionless Innovation ,Distributed Ledgers ,Quantifying Greenhouse Gas ,Mitigation Adaptation ,Administrative Form ,Citie Use ,Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories ,Beyond National Climate Action ,Business Commitments ,Global Greenhouse Gas ,Data Driven Envirolab ,German Development ,Blavatnik School ,Consumption Based Accounting ,Greenhouse Gas Emissions ,Promote Local Climate ,Distributed Hybrid Energy System ,Smart Contract ,Toward Trust ,Things Ecosystems ,Design Principles ,Blockchain Based Iot ,Ledger Based Authentication ,Decentralized Identifiers ,Verifiable Credentials ,Blockchain Research ,Innovative Networks ,Kyoto Protocol ,Big Iot Data Analytics ,Open Research ,Sustainability Governance ,Linking Climate Policies ,Advance Global ,Sustainable Digital Finance ,Creating Environmental Impact ,Digital Finance ,View Based Model ,Support Big Earth Data Systems ,Trusted Wireless Monitoring Based ,Decentralized Pollution Monitoring System ,Management Symposium ,Cognitive Management ,Cyber World ,Open Climate Demo ,Nested Climate Accounting ,Next Gen Carbon ,Collective Action ,Political Economy ,Dependency Oriented Prototyping ,Agile Development ,Complex Technical ,Blockchain Application ,Paris Agreement Carbon Market Mechanism ,Decision Framework ,Tokenized Securities ,Highly Iterative Product Development ,Technical Systems ,Double Counting Emission Reductions ,Verifiable Credentials Data Model ,Verifiable Information ,Data Model ,Proposed Recommendation ,From Data ,Global Climate Action Portal ,Schwarzenegger Phenomenon ,Local Frontrunners ,Geospatial Web Services Pave New Ways ,Server Based On Demand Access ,Big Earth ,Leveraging Blockchain ,Integrated Climate Accounting ,Decentralized Autonomous Organizations ,Greenhouse Gas Protocol ,Corporate Accounting ,Transparency Requirements ,Likely Impact ,Nationally Determined Contributions ,Material Footprint ,Bank Group ,Connecting Climate Market Systems ,Make Earth Observations Open ,Challenges Facing Blockchain Technology ,Blockchain Technology ,Nternet Of Things ,Non State Actors ,Climate Data ,