Healthy prisoners are euthanised so their internal organs can be removed and sold on a lucrative multibillion-dollar black market.
Women are raped, abused and beaten. Hundreds of thousands are forcibly sterilised to prevent pregnancies, in a bid to wipe out the future population.
Many people enter these camps, dragged from their homes and rounded up by troops and forced into trucks, vanishing into a complex network of prisons. Few ever re-emerge.
And Beijing staunchly disputes the horrifying allegations that have been outlined in a growing number of independent reports for several years now.
But the United States has just declared it a clear case of "genocide and crimes against humanity" - and those five significant words have backed Australia into a very unpleasant corner.