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Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:33:00

>> unlike gasoline, jet fuel isn't highly flammable. but as this faa test shows, when it's heated, the vapors that are produced can be explosive. as twa flight 800 prepares to take off from new york's jfk airport, the center wing fuel tank, about the size of a two-car garage, is nearly empty. >> all that was in that fuel tank was basically just residual fuel, just a small amount of fuel sloshing around the bottom of the tank. >> given the short duration of this particular flight, the operators don't usually use or put fuel into the center fuel tank because they don't need it. the wings hold a sufficient amount of fuel. >> you can save some money and get better performance by leaving the fuel out of it. >> with passengers waiting on board flight 800, a delay with baggage is keeping the plane at the gate. >> it was a hot day in new york, and they've had the air conditioning packs running to keep the aircraft cool. the air conditioning packs are mounted in close proximity to the center fuel tank. >> as the ac packs work to keep the airplane cool, they're

Vapors , Faa , Jet-fuel-isn-t , Gasoline , Test-shows , Flammable , Twa-flight-800 , Wing-center-fuel-tank , Size , Jfk-airport , Center-wing-fuel-tank , New-york

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:07:00

and that was that if the wake of a 727 could cause the loss of control of a 737, we'd have 737s falling out of the sky weekly or more. >> investigators zero in on flight 427's rotation or yawing toward the left just minutes before the pilots lost control. >> we knew the airplane yawed, and the question was what would cause that. and it quickly became apparent that the only device that could make the airplane yaw the way it did, was the rudder. that's what it's designed for. >> the rudder is positioned at the tail of the boeing 737 and is used by pilots to control the plane's movement to the right

Investigators , Us-air-flight-427 , Control , Wake , Loss , Sky , More , Yawing , Rotation , 737s-falling-out , 727 , Zero

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:45:00

climb to 36,000 feet as they pass through german airspace. at the same time, bashkirian airlines is en route from moscow to barcelona. the russian tupolev airplane is being used for a school trip. on board mostly children and nine crew member. the flight enters german air space flying at 36,000 feet, the same as the dhl cargo jet. the two airplanes are on a collision course. despite being over germany, the airspace is controlled from zurich by the private swiss air space control company skyguide. air traffic controller peter nielson is the only person handling the airspace at the

Feet , Airspace , German , Bashkirian-airlines-is-en-route-from-moscow-to-barcelona , 36000 , Children , Russian , School-trip , Tupolev-airplane , Crew-member , Nine , Us-air-flight-427

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:16:00

can then deflect the rudder in the opposite direction. >> if you jam the secondary valve just slightly off neutral, you could cause the valves to basically misalign and import hydraulic fluid in the wrong direction so the rudder reversed operation. this would be like driving your car and you turn to the left and the car goes right. you'll never figure this out before the car goes off the road. >> investigators had found a lethal malfunction in a valve the size of a pencil capable of bringing down a boeing 737. the malfunction leaves no marks or scars, almost as if it never happened, matching exactly what investigators found in u.s. air 427. >> all of a sudden you put the reversal scenario in and it all started coming together that all these parts now fit. the big puzzle we've had the edges and everything else, now the center pieces are all locking in. >> when flight 427's crew encountered the wake turbulence of a passing airplane, they press down on the rudder pedals to counter the wake and move the airplane slightly to the right.

Car , Rudder , Direction , Valve , Left , Valves , Fluid , Operation , Neutral , Investigators , Malfunction , Road

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:18:00

the longest accident investigations in aviation history to solve the mystery of flight 427. with it investigators are able to bring closure to another cold case, united flight 585, the other boeing 737 that crashed three years earlier. >> the rudder system on the 737 fleet has been completely redesigned. it's a very different system now than it was at that time. there was a lot of changes also to flight crew training. more hands-on flying, being ready to recover from unusual upsets and unusual events. >> history's proven us to be right. there's not been another occurrence of a rudder hardover since, and i think we made a good airplane even better. coming up -- one of the most infamous aviation disaster in history. >> it appeared to be a flare going straight up. >> what really happened to twa flight 800? >> microscopic explosive traces of unknown origin have been

Us-air-flight-427 , Mystery , Accident-investigations , It-investigators , Aviation-history , Closure , Cold-case , 427 , Boeing-737 , Rudder-system , United-flight-585 , Fleet

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:13:00

u.s. air flight 427 smashes down outside of pittsburgh. it is the second boeing 737 in three years to suddenly roll for unknown reasons and then crash killing everyone on board. it's a mystery threatening to ground the most widely used jet in the world. investigators suspect a problem with the rudder, which controls the plane's movement to the left and right, but they find no evidence of a malfunction. nearly two years after the crash, a possible break in the case. the pilot of an eastwind airlines boeing 737 experiences a sudden roll as the jet approaches richmond, virginia. >> he quickly got on the rudder pedals. so you had two pilots shoving with all their might on a rudder pedal and all it's doing is

Us-air-flight-427 , Boeing-737 , Everyone , Reasons , Pittsburgh , Killing , Three , 427 , 737 , Plane , Investigators , Problem

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:37:00

the fuselage because of the pressurization of the airplane itself. that crack ran around the portion of the lower fuselage. >> that caused the nose of the airplane to detach from the rest of the aircraft. it fell off. if you drop the weight off the front, the center of gravity goes back, the airplane's going to nose up. it's going to climb and go up. engines are still producing thrust. >> the aircraft enters a steep climb, ascending between 2,000 and 3,000 feet. 42 seconds after the initial explosion, the left wing separates, spraying unburned fuel and ignites a second fireball. the wreckage, with passengers inside, plunges to the surface of the ocean. the breakup of flight 800 provides explanation for one of the most confounding aspects of

Airplane , Nose , Fuselage , Pressurization , Portion , Aircraft , Engines , Weight , Rest , Steep-climb , Center-of-gravity , Back

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:15:00

across these openings it redirects fluid. >> in the days after the u.s. air accident, investigators recovered the flight 427's pcu from the crash site. >> some is intact. some of the brackets broken. >> if something did malfunction inside this pcu, it left no evidence. >> the valves were not badly scarred. there were no marks. there wasn't an instant indication of what would have caused the power control unit to have problems. >> investigators run a battery of tests on the pcus from u.s. air 427 and eastwind airlines, trying to determine if the units can jam. what they find is even more alarming. not only can the pcu jam, but it

Investigators , Us-air-flight-427 , Us- , Crash-site , Some , Pcu , Openings , Air-accident , 427 , Something , Evidence , Valves

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150831:02:32:00

july 17th, 1996, twa flight 800 explodes in flames shortly after takeoff. the fbi rules out a bomb or missile, but it will take a four-year investigation, the most costly and extensive in the ntsb's history, to determine the cause. after pulling debris from the ocean, investigators conclude that the airplane broke apart into three distinct sections. >> the front section including the cockpit and the first class areas broke off and that just fell to the ground, then much further away you had the rest of the airplane, which seems odd. it was clear that piece of the airplane had to continue some part of the flight for a lot longer. went back and started looking at all the pieces that came off first. they all came out of areas around the wing center fuel tank. so it started becoming apparent that whatever happened happened inside the wing center fuel tank.

Investigation , Ntsb , Twa-flight-800 , Bomb , Missile , Takeoff , History , Flames , Fbi , July-17th , 800 , Four

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - MSNBC - 20150803:02:34:00

>> with passengers waiting on board flight 800, a delay with baggage is keeping the plane at the gate. >> it was a hot day in new york, and they've had the air conditioning packs running to keep the aircraft cool. the air conditioning packs are mounted in close proximity to the center fuel tank. >> as the ac packs work to keep the airplane cool, they're actually generating heat underneath the center wing fuel tank. >> so the fuel tank was actually getting very warm. so when the airplane takes off, you have this warm fuel vapor. if there was a full load of fuel in that tank, it could absorb that heat with no problem. >> it was generally believed that fuel tank were not really flammable. they couldn't really even be ignited because the temperature wasn't great enough. >> and so we took a 747 tested them in very similar conditions, and we were all surprised how hot it got and also it didn't

Plane , Us-air-flight-427 , Passengers , Aircraft , New-york , Proximity , Heat , Air-conditioning , Center-fuel-tank , Air-conditioning-packs , Ac-packs , Airplane-cool