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The COVID-19 pandemic has driven up demand for food and beverage packaging that is secure and resealable as food safety and security concerns rise, according to a new report by packaging heavyweight Tetra Pak.
According to the Tetra Pak Index Report 2020 which surveyed over 9,000 consumers worldwide to assess current consumer concerns, COVID-19 emerged as the top concern (64%) when it comes to current consumer priorities in 2020, exacerbating concerns about food safety and security and beating out environmental sustainability concerns from 63% in 2019 to 49%.
“COVID-19 has significantly focused attention on hygiene and food safety, with more than two-thirds (68%) of consumers worldwide now believing that food safety is a major concern for society,”​ Tetra Pak Managing Director for Pak Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines and Indonesia Michael Wu told

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Summary:  Branding Europe as a unique civilization undermines the EU’s attractiveness to the rest of the world. Europe is better served by reckoning with its colonial history and underlining the universality of human rights.
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There is more than one narrative about the European Union. There are—among others—that of a benign force bringing peace and prosperity to the war-devastated continent, that of a promoter of unfettered neoliberalism and austerity, and that of a protector of the nation-state en route toward building a European federation. These days much rhetoric about it also embraces its presumed civilizational character.

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Africa was long at the center of the slave trade. In the 18th century, the abolitionist movement began gathering momentum in London, Paris and Washington. After the slave rebellion in the French colony of Saint Domingue (modern-day Haiti), and in the face of growing public outrage, Europe’s major powers abolished the trans-Atlantic slave trade in 1807. But Europe was in the midst of the Industrial Revolution, and couldn’t afford to give up its slave workforce. To satisfy its need for raw materials, it relocated the frontiers of slavery and turned a blind eye to new forms of human exploitation in Brazil, the United States and Africa. When the slave trade was abolished in 1807, there were more Africans in captivity than ever before. Within 50 years, nearly 2.5 million men, women and children were deported. The ban was far from the end of slavery.

Biography Of General Louis-Philibert-Francois Rouxel De Blanchelande
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On April 15, 1793, General Louis-Philibert-Francois Rouxel de Blanchelande was put to death by the guillotine. He was the last royal governor of the French colony of Saint Domingue. On March 24, 1792, the Legislative in France passed a decree giving political rights to the men of color. The law granted full civil and political equality to all free people of color in the colonies, ending the colonists’ autonomy with regard to issues of the “status of persons”. On April 4, 1792, the King’s signature made the decree law and three new commissioners were appointed to enforce the decree and restore order in the French colony. Sonthonax, a right wing Jacobin was one of the commissioners. One month after the slave revolt began in Saint Domingue,

A plaque will be added to a statue of controversial 19th Century politician Henry Dundas - detailing his role in delaying the abolition of slavery.
The monument to Conservative politician Dundas at the Melville Monument in St Andrews Square, Edinburgh, became a focal point for discussion during Black Lives Matter demonstrations in June.
Activists left signs at the monument saying 'Bring down Dundas', 'Their lives mattered', and 'Hope' - and some called for a plaque to be added explaining Dundas' role in delaying the abolition of slavery while Home Secretary in the 1800s. 
Academics say his actions in deferring the abolition resulted in an additional 630,000 people being transported from Africa to Britain's colonies in the West Indies. 

HOUSTON — A woman is suing the owners of her Houston apartment complex after she suffered injuries from allegedly falling on a broken wooden step. 
Nichelle Maxiey filed a complaint March 8 in Harris County District Court against Hidalgo Investments LLC alleging negligence. 
Maxiey alleges in her suit that on on Sept. 7, 2020, she was walking up the outside stairs at her apartment complex on Culberson Steet in Houston, and fell after one of the wooden steps broke. She claims the fall caused her to suffer "serious and extensive" injuries to her knee, hip, neck, back and hand. 
Maxiey alleges that she had "no alternate way of reaching her apartment" except to use the stairs and that the defendants left the stairs in a dangerous condition, and failed to warn or correct the hazard. She further alleges the defendants failed to inspect their premises and keep the premises in a reasonably safe condition. 

There Was a Time Reparations Were Actually Paid Out – Just Not to Formerly Enslaved People
The payments went to former slave owners and their descendants, not the enslaved or their legal heirs.
Reparations related to slavery have been paid in the past, UConn's Thomas Craemer says - just not to people who had been enslaved. (Getty Images)
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The cost of slavery and its legacy of systemic racism to generations of Black Americans has been clear over the past year – seen in both the racial disparities of the pandemic and widespread protests over police brutality.
Yet whenever calls for reparations are made – as they are again now – opponents counter that it would be unfair to saddle a debt on those not personally responsible. In the words of then-Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, speaking on Juneteenth – the day Black Americans celebrate as marking emancipation – in 2019, “I don’t think reparations for something that happened 150 years ago for whom none of us currently living are responsible is a good idea.”

There was a time reparations were actually paid out - just not to formerly enslaved people
Thomas Craemer, University of Connecticut
Feb. 26, 2021
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Thomas Craemer, University of Connecticut
(THE CONVERSATION) The cost of slavery and its legacy of systemic racism to generations of Black Americans has been clear over the past year – seen in both the racial disparities of the pandemic and widespread protests over police brutality.
Yet whenever calls for reparations are made – as they are again now – opponents counter that it would be unfair to saddle a debt on those not personally responsible. In the words of then-Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, speaking on Juneteenth – the day Black Americans celebrate as marking emancipation – in 2019, “I don’t think reparations for something that happened 150 years ago for whom none of us currently living are responsible is a good idea.”

Mushrooms are able to make up a shortfall in dietary nutrients without increasing calories, sodium or fat, says a group of researchers, who highlight the potential benefits to the diets of children.
Writing in
Food Science & Nutrition, ​the US team found the addition of an 84 gram(g) serving contributed to an increase in dietary fibre (5%–6%), copper (24%–32%) and phosphorus (6%).
Other nutrient increases include potassium (12%–14%), selenium (13%–14%), zinc (5%–6%), riboflavin (13%–15%), niacin (13%–14%), and choline (5%–6%) in both adolescents and adults.
Addition of mushrooms exposed to UV light to increase vitamin D levels to 5 micrograms per serving (µg/serving) also almost doubled vitamin D intake (98%–104%) and decreased inadequacy.

Playlist: Haitian Rhythms And The Music Of New Orleans
'Kanaval,' a three-part audio documentary, explores Haiti's influence on NOLA
Monday, February 1, 2021
Win Butler (L) of Arcade Fire and DJ Michael Brun participate in the Krewe du Kanaval parade on February 15, 2020 in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Erika Goldring
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Much of what distinguishes New Orleans today from other American cities can be traced back to French and African influences from Haiti. The cultural ties go back more than 200 years, when 10,000 free and enslaved people left what was then the French colony of Saint Domingue during the country's revolution. NOLA's multi-cultural DNA is its calling card, and it's reflected in the food, architecture, art, and most notably, music.

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Much of what distinguishes New Orleans today from other American cities can be traced back to French and African influences from Haiti. The cultural ties go back more than 200 years, when 10,000 free and enslaved people left what was then the French colony of Saint Domingue during the country's revolution. NOLA's multi-cultural DNA is its calling card, and it's reflected in the food, architecture, art, and most notably, music.

Book Review: How Historians and Intellectuals Justified the British Empire's Conquest
Priya Satia shows persuasively in her book 'Time's Monster: History, Conscience and Britain's Empire' that the Empire's economic exploitation was buttressed by policies that sought to reform and civilise the colonised.
The British Union Jack. Photo: Reuters
History31/Jan/2021
In the 19th century, history and history writing were handmaidens of British imperialism. Historians wrote to justify empire; politicians and public figures used history to rationalise acts of conquest. Dominating the intellectual landscape at that time was the idea of progress which was derived from the Enlightenment and from the development of capitalism subsequent to the Industrial Revolution.

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This is a 1745 Buache edition of Guillaume De l'Isle's beautifully engraved 1725 map of the island of Hispaniola or Saint Domingue, modern-day Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It is based on, but not a rote copy of, Amédée-Françis Frézier's 1722
Isle de S. Domingue et débouquemens circonvoisins. As such, it is one of the best-informed maps of the island available: Frézier had been sent to Saint Domingue in 1719 to oversee the fortification of the French Colony, and during the course of these labors he also produced his 1722 map. Even so, the map's topographical features are largely rendered pictorially. Lakes, rivers, and towns are marked and named, including Santo Domingo and Port-au-Prince. The map includes descriptive notations to flesh out these details: 'toute ce milieu de l'isle est montueux et presque desert,' for example. (All this central part of the island is mountainous and nearly deserted.)

The fearsome pirate Blackbeard captured a French slave ship, La Concorde, around 1717 and renamed it the Queen Anne's Revenge.

05 Jan 2021
China to lead global propylene capacity additions by 2030, says GlobalData

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The global propylene capacity... | February 2, 2021

Looking for a low-key cultural getaway for 2021? Check out six new towns included in Spain’s Andalucia list of Touristic Municipalities
The Junta’s Governing Council has approved the declaration of the towns of Bubion (Granada), Baños de la Encina (Jaen), Estepona (Malaga), Grazalema and Barbate (Cadiz) and Lepe (Huelva) as Tourist Municipalities of Andalucia.
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AFTER a year marked by grounded planes, closed borders, and mandatory quarantines, looking for destinations close to home is probably the safest option until Spring.
Luckily, for those living in Andalucia, six more towns have been added to the region’s list of touristic municipalities.

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Farmingdale, NY Author Publishes Haitian History Book
December 23, 2020 (PRLEAP.COM) Entertainment News
1804: Unheard of the First Black Social Revolution, a new book by Dr. Martin Chrisphonte, has been released by Dorrance Publishing Co., Inc.
There is nothing new under the sun! Our society continues to make a replica of mistreatments of the black race, as it existed in the European slave society. Much closer to us, the reader understands the struggles in the Pearl of the Antilles, Haiti, that led to freedom.
1804: Unheard of the First Black Social Revolution sketches in chapters the misfortunes of the Haitian Autochthonous, the establishments of cruel system of European hegemonies in Saint Domingue, the prowess of the Haitian indigenous army that led to the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte on the land and the establishment of the first black Nation in the western hemisphere.

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In their December 2020 issue,
archipelagos: a journal of Caribbean digital practice recently featured the fascinating Mapping the Haitian Revolution project, by Stephanie Curci and Christopher Jones (both from Phillips Academy Andover).
How many of us, as university professors, have found ourselves teaching college students in the fields of, for example, Africana studies, American studies, Latin American studies, and history, among others, whose knowledge of Haiti’s revolution is strikingly limited if not entirely nonexistent? How many of us have had to teach into the void of disinformation that has long excluded Haiti from the so-called Age of Revolutions? The extent to which Haiti’s struggle for independence has been effectively silenced from US-American “common knowledge” is remarkable. Moreover, it is a failing we can attribute at least in part to the omission of Haiti from secondary education curricula across the country. The Mapping the Haitian Revolution aims to push back against that particular lacuna by providing to high school educators a rich and dynamic online pedagogical resource, featuring compellingly presented historical information as well as sample syllabi and bibliographical resources.

Why The Haitian Revolution Inspired So Many Rebellions
Spencer Platt/Getty Images
By Marina Manoukian/Dec. 10, 2020 2:44 pm EDT/Updated: March 1, 2021 9:36 am EDT
The Haitian Revolution not only led to Haiti's independence, but it set off a ripple effect of uprisings by enslaved people across the Caribbean and South America. Although not all of the revolts that it inspired were successful, each and every uprising chipped away at the sovereignty of colonial empires.
The Haitian Revolution was in turn inspired by the French Revolution of 1789, which set the standard for the ideals of liberty and freedom that nations had the right to aspire towards. Since the colonies were built on a "foundation of bondage, inequality, and prejudice," the hypocrisy of the French was promptly challenged. While earlier rebellions merely sought to withdraw from colonial society, the Haitian Revolution sought to completely overthrow the system.