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Full evolutionary journey of hospital superbug mapped for the first time

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Modern hospitals and antibiotic treatment alone did not create all the antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria we see today. Instead, selection pressures from before widespread use of antibiotics influenced some of them to develop, new research has discovered.
By using analytical and sequencing technology that has only been developed in recent years, scientists from Wellcome Sanger Institute, University of Oslo and University of Cambridge have created an evolutionary timeline of the bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis, which is a common bacterium that can cause antibiotic resistant infections in hospitals.
The results, published today (9th March 2021) in
Nature Communications show that this bacterium has the ability to adapt very quickly to selection pressures, such as the use of chemicals in farming as well as the development of new medications, which have caused different strains of the same bacterium to be found in many places worldwide, from the majori ....

United Kingdom , United States , Oxford Nanopore , Sergio Arredondo Alonso , Julian Parkhill , Jukka Corander , Rachael Smith , Programming Initiative In Antimicrobial Resistance , Sanger Institute , Nature Communications , Wellcome Sanger Institute , University Of Cambridge , Trond Mohn Foundation , European Research Council , University Of Oslo , Associate Faculty , Veterinary Medicine , Janetta Top , Joint Programming Initiative , Antimicrobial Resistance , Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit , Marie Sklodowska Curie , ஒன்றுபட்டது கிஂக்டம் , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , செர்ஜியோ அர்ரேடோண்டோ அலோன்சோ , ஜூலியன் பார்க்ஹில் ,

Detecting hidden circulating tumor cells in non-small cell lung cancer patients

ISB and a collaborative team of researchers looked at hexokinase-2, or HK2, a key enzyme in glucose metabolism. A set of previous reports from our collaborator Dr. Herschman (co-author of the paper) and others revealed that cancer cells often rely on HK2 to elevate glucose metabolism to fuel their uncontrolled growth, making this enzyme a desirable target for testing, said ISB Assistant Professor Dr. Wei Wei, the lead corresponding author of the paper.
Conventional CTC detection methods, as exemplified by the FDA-cleared CellSearch system, normally rely on the use of a family of proteins called cytokeratins (CKs) that are typically found in epithelial tissues. As roughly 90 percent of human cancers arise in epithelial tissues and express CKs, these methods work very well in many major cancer types. However, their performance in NSCLC is suboptimal, despite the highly aggressive nature of NSCLC, which represents a long-standing puzzle in this field. ....

Harvey Herschman , Qihui Shi , University Of California Los Angeles , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Proceedings Of The National Academy Sciences , Fudan University , Non Small Cell Lung Cancer , National Academy , California Los Angeles , Cell Biology , Medicine Health , Health Care Systems Services , Public Health , Smoking Tobacco , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் கலிஃபோர்னியா லாஸ் ஏஞ்சல்ஸ் , ஷாங்காய் ஜியாவோ நாக்கு பல்கலைக்கழகம் , அல்லாத சிறிய செல் நுரையீரல் புற்றுநோய் , தேசிய கலைக்கழகம் , கலிஃபோர்னியா லாஸ் ஏஞ்சல்ஸ் , உயிரி தொழில்நுட்பவியல் , செல் உயிரியல் , மருந்து ஆரோக்கியம் , ஆரோக்கியம் பராமரிப்பு அமைப்புகள் சேவைகள் , பொது ஆரோக்கியம் , புகைத்தல் புகையிலை , உயிர் தகவலியல் ,

Amyloid plaque mutation map opens new avenues for early detection of Alzheimer's disease

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IMAGE: Mireia Seuma (left), first author of the study and researcher at IBEC next to Benedetta Bolognesi (right), one of the lead authors of the study and Junior Group Leader at.
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Credit: The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, IBEC
A study published in the journal
eLife made all the possible mutations in the amyloid beta peptide and tested how they influence its aggregation into plaques, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer s disease.
The comprehensive mutation map, which is the first of its kind, has the potential to help clinical geneticists predict whether the mutations found in amyloid beta can make an individual more prone to developing Alzheimer s disease later in life. ....

Benedetta Bolognesi , Mireia Seuma , Ben Lehner , Research Professor , Centre For Genomic Regulation , Institute For Bioengineering Of Catalonia , Junior Group Leader , Genomic Regulation , Variant Effects , Cell Biology , Molecular Biology , Alzheimers Disease , ஆராய்ச்சி ப்ரொஃபெஸர் , நிறுவனம் க்கு உயிர் பொறியியல் ஆஃப் கட்டலோனியா , ஜூனியர் குழு தலைவர் , மாறுபாடு விளைவுகள் , செல் உயிரியல் , மூலக்கூறு உயிரியல் , அல்சைமர் நோய் , உயிர் தகவலியல் ,

First the treats, then the tough stuff: A bacterial dinner plan for degrading algal blooms

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IMAGE: Seasonal blooms of tiny algae play an important role in marine carbon cycling. Now a new detail of the surrounding mysteries has been uncovered.
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Credit: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology / G. Reintjes
The annually occurring algal spring blooms play an important role for our climate, as they remove large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. However, they are an ephemeral phenomenon. Most of the carbon is released into the water once the algae die. There, bacteria are already waiting to finish them off and consume the algal remains.
Previous studies have shown that in these blooms, different algae can come out on top each year. However, within the bacteria subsequently degrading the algae, the same specialised groups prevail year after year. Apparently not the algae themselves but rather their components - above all chains of sugar molecules, the so-called polysaccharides - determine which bacteria will t ....

North Sea , Oceans General , Rudolf Amann , Ben Francis , University Of Bremen , University Of Greifswald , Marine Environmental Sciences , Max Planck Institute For Marine Microbiology , Max Planck Institute , Marine Microbiology , Climate Science , Ecology Environment , Marine Freshwater Biology , Molecular Biology , வடக்கு கடல் , பெருங்கடல்கள் ஜநரல் , ருடால்ப் அமன் , பென் பிரான்சிஸ் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் ப்ரெமன் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் க்ரீஃப்ஸ்‌வால்ட் , கடல் சுற்றுச்சூழல் அறிவியல் , கடல் நுண்ணுயிரியல் , காலநிலை அறிவியல் , சூழலியல் சூழல் , கடல் நன்னீர் உயிரியல் , மூலக்கூறு உயிரியல் ,

A new predictive model helps identify those at risk for severe COVID-19

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Researchers at the Buck Institute analyzed data from the COVID-19 Symptom Tracker app used by 3 million people in the United Kingdom, adding the use of immunosuppressant medication, use of a mobility aid, shortness of breath, fever, and fatigue to the list of symptoms and comorbidities that increase the risk for severe COVID-19. Results are published in the
Even though there are established risk factors for severe COVID-19 there are no good predictors that enable healthcare providers, or even those who have tested positive, to assess who should seek advanced medical care, says Buck Institute Associate Professor David Furman, PhD, the senior scientist who led the study. We are glad to add to the efforts underway around the world to determine how to best care for those infected by the coronavirus. ....

United Kingdom , City Of , Kari Nadeau , Eric Verdin , Dina Radenkovic , Kevin Perez , Yingxiang Huang , King College London , Buck Institute Associate Professor David Furman , Buck Institute , Other Buck Institute , Journal Of Medical Internet Research , Stanford University , Medical Internet , Seeking Treatment , Modeling Predictive Age Dependent , Independent Symptoms , College London , Palo Alto , Medicine Health , Infectious Emerging Diseases , ஒன்றுபட்டது கிஂக்டம் , நகரம் ஆஃப் , காரி நாடிெஓ , எரிக் வெர்டின் , கெவின் பெரெஸ் ,