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Simultaneous multicontrast OR-PAM from single laser source

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IMAGE: Simultaneous multicontrast OR-PAM of hemoglobin concentration, oxygen saturation, blood flow speed, and lymphatic concentration; doi 10.1117/1.AP.3.1.016002
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Credit: Wang, et al.
Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM), a new hybrid imaging technique, allows us to listen to the sound of light and see the color of biological tissue itself. It can be used for live, multicontrast functional imaging, but the limited wavelength choice of most commercial lasers and the limitations of the existing scanning methods have meant that OR-PAM can obtain only one or two different types of contrast in a single scan. These limitations have made multicontrast functional imaging time-consuming, and it s been difficult to capture the dynamic changes of functional information in biological tissues. ....

Lidai Wang , Chao Liu , City University Of Hong Kong , City University , Hong Kong , Advanced Photonics , Biomechanics Biophysics , Biomedical Environmental Chemical Engineering , Research Development , Nanotechnology Micromachines , குழப்பம் லியூ , நகரம் பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் ஹாங் காங் , நகரம் பல்கலைக்கழகம் , ஹாங் காங் , பயோமெக்கானிக்ஸ் உயிர் இயற்பியல் , உயிரி தொழில்நுட்பவியல் , உயிர் மருத்துவ சுற்றுச்சூழல் இரசாயன பொறியியல் , ஆராய்ச்சி வளர்ச்சி , உயிர் தகவலியல் ,

Accurate aging of wild animals thanks to first epigenetic clock for bats

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IMAGE: UMD-led study revealed age-related changes to the DNA of bats related to longevity. Clockwise from top left: common vampire bat (G. Wilkinson), greater horseshoe bat (G. Jones), velvety free-tailed bat.
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Credit: G. Wilkinson, G. Jones, S. Puechmaille, M. Tschapka
A new study led by University of Maryland and UCLA researchers found that DNA from tissue samples can be used to accurately predict the age of bats in the wild. The study also showed age-related changes to the DNA of long-lived species are different from those in short-lived species, especially in regions of the genome near genes associated with cancer and immunity. This work provides new insight into causes of age-related declines. ....

Baden Wuberg , Gerald Wilkinson , Kimbra Cutlip , Daniellem Adams , Symons Hall , College Of Computer , College Park , Nature Communications , University Of Maryland , Ohio State University , Illinois College , Paulg Allen Frontiers Group , Natural Sciences , University Of Konstanz , Bryan Arnold , Gerald Carter , Edward Hurme , Relations Contact , Developmental Reproductive Biology , Mortality Longevity , ஜெரால்ட் வில்கின்சன் , சைமன்கள் மண்டபம் , கல்லூரி ஆஃப் கணினி , கல்லூரி பூங்கா , இயற்கை தகவல்தொடர்புகள் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் மேரிலாந்து ,

New proteins 'out of nothing'

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IMAGE: Regions of the protein s flexibility: not very flexible (blue), moderately flexible (green/yellow) and highly flexible (red). However, both the central alpha helix and the N-terminus (start of the protein) display.
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Credit: Adam Damry
Proteins are the key component in all modern forms of life. Haemoglobin, for example, transports the oxygen in our blood; photosynthesis proteins in the leaves of plants convert sunlight into energy; and fungal enzymes help us to brew beer and bake bread. Researchers have long been examining the question of how proteins mutate or come into existence in the course of millennia. That completely new proteins - and, with them, new properties - can emerge practically out of nothing, was inconceivable for decades, in line with what the Greek philosopher Parmenides said: Nothing can emerge from nothing (ex nihilo nihil fit). Working with colleagues from the USA and Australia, researchers from the Universi ....

College Of The Holy Cross , United States , Australian Capital Territory , Geoff Findlay , Prajal Patel , Adam Damry , Colin Jackson , Erich Bornberg Bauer , Andreas Lange , Brennen Heames , Nature Communications , Australian National University , Institute Of Evolution , Holy Cross , Molecular Biology , கல்லூரி ஆஃப் தி பரிசுத்த குறுக்கு , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , ஆஸ்திரேலிய மூலதனம் பிரதேசம் , ஜியோஃப் கண்டுபிடிப்பு , கொலின் ஜாக்சன் , ஆண்ட்ரியாஸ் லாங்கே , இயற்கை தகவல்தொடர்புகள் , ஆஸ்திரேலிய தேசிய பல்கலைக்கழகம் , நிறுவனம் ஆஃப் பரிணாமம் , பரிசுத்த குறுக்கு , உயிர் வேதியியல் ,

A computational guide to lead cells down desired differentiation paths

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IMAGE: The collaborative team successfully used their computer-guided design tool IRENE to reconstruct the gene regulatory network controlling the identity of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Credit: Wyss Institute at Harvard University
(BOSTON) There is a great need to generate various types of cells for use in new therapies to replace tissues that are lost due to disease or injuries, or for studies outside the human body to improve our understanding of how organs and tissues function in health and disease. Many of these efforts start with human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that, in theory, have the capacity to differentiate into virtually any cell type in the right culture conditions. The 2012 Nobel Prize awarded to Shinya Yamanaka recognized his discovery of a strategy that can reprogram adult cells to become iPSCs by providing them with a defined set of gene-regulatory transcription factors (TFs). However, progres ....

Boston University , United States , University Of Massachusetts Medical School , Massachusetts Institute Of Technology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , Tufts University , Pais Vasco , Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital , Lucie Debroux , Shinya Yamanaka , Evan Appleton , Donald Ingber , George Church , Benjamin Boettner , Muhammad Ali , Nature Communications , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Technology Alliance , Charitable Foundation , Severo Ochoa Centre Of Excellence , Basque Research , Wyss Institute , Army Research Office , Wyss Institute Synthetic Biology , Harvard Johna Paulson School Of Engineering , Bizkaia Technology Park ,

Researchers test using environmental DNA to monitor grass pollen levels

Credit: Carsten A. Skjøth
Grass pollen is a major outdoor allergen, responsible for widespread and costly respiratory conditions including allergic asthma and hay fever (rhinitis). Now, researchers re-porting in the journal
Current Biology on March 11 suggest that environmental DNA could help to better understand which grasses are the worst offenders.
These findings represent a first step towards changing and improving our understanding of the complex relationships between pollen and population health, said Benedict Wheeler of the University of Exeter, UK. If confirmed and refined, this research could help to improve pollen forecasts and warnings in the future, supporting individual and community-level prevention strategies and management of healthcare system responses. ....

United Kingdom , Benedict Wheeler , Simon Creer , Georgina Brennan , Nicholas Osborne , University Of Queensland , Bangor University , Natural Research Council , University Of Exeter , Current Biology , Francis Rowney , Natural Environment Research Council , Cell Press , Ecology Environment , Plant Sciences , Immunology Allergies Asthma , Public Health , ஒன்றுபட்டது கிஂக்டம் , பெனடிக்ட் சக்கர வாகனம் , சிமோன் சரீர , ஜார்ஜினா ப்ரென்னன் , நிக்கோலஸ் ஆஸ்போர்ன் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் குயின்ஸ்லாந்து , பாங்கர் பல்கலைக்கழகம் , இயற்கை ஆராய்ச்சி சபை , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் எக்ஸெடர் ,