event at the new america foundation, looking at new online radicalization. the debate over radicalize asian and homegrown extremism has been renewed after the boston marathon bombing. peter bergson, author of the longest war and peter newman and strategy of terrorism. coming up at 6:00 we will show you an event looking at u.s.- russia of relations. he resigned from the state department of the iraq war. the offer fellowship alumni association is hosting the event. ntsb wants to lower the legal blood alcohol limit. here is a preview from the meeting. >> today we meet to consider the safety report reaching zero, actions to eliminate alcohol- impaired driving. this is critical. impaired driving remains one of the biggest killers in the united states. our nationo today saw the deadliest alcohol impaired driving crashed in u.s. history. pickup,driver drove his he hit a school bus and killed 24 children and three adult chaperons, injuring 34 more. today our thoughts are with those families in kentucky to a recognizing this 25th anniversary of that crash. driverse year impaired would kill thousands more. let us look at how well we are doing as a nation to address the national epidemic of alcohol impaired driving. as i will explain we have made progress since that deadly night in kentucky. it has been not nearly enough. of the the first year 21,113 peoplem, died in u.s. crashes involving alcohol impaired driving. this represented nearly one-half of all highway deaths. the percentage of alcohol- impaired driving is about one- third of all highway fatalities. from one- percentage half to one-third of highway fatalities has taken a great effort by thousands of dedicated people in many organizations. >> you can see the entire meeting on drunk driving regulations tonight. we will talk with david clark to get his take on the proposed rules. we will hear from you via facebook and your phone calls. it starts tonight at 8:00 eastern. onlineup next, a look at teaching and its impact. an increasing number of colleges are developing as part of their curriculum discuss their benefits and including accessibility. the form was hosted by the university of pennsylvania which was the first group of colleges to offer free on-line courses. the president of the university moderate's the event. [applause] >> good afternoon. it is wonderful to see some many of you is here on a beautiful, sunny friday afternoon. 2013 forum.ur i would like to extend a special welcome on behalf of all to over four hundred 50 wonderful guests from near philadelphia and boston and as far away as attenborough, and melm, hong kong, bourne. it is quite remarkable that as we gather together on this sunny friday afternoon to explore open learning and the future of higher education we have lots of skeptics in this country and the education, whether especially higher education, changes. i would like to ask those of you here today. -- those of you here today to join with me and think about this. have many other points to explore today. i would ask that no one ever again in doubt the endless capacity of and less education and innovation to inspire great minds to work together. we have some great-here today. this is our fourth forum. it is a public discussion of globally important issues, featuring some of the foremost thinkers of our day. it is made possible and through the generous support and inspiration of the university with us.who are here would you please stand up so we can thank you? >> i would like to begin just to give an overview of our topic with a representative " about new educational technology. . this writer is skeptical. he says it is to be mistrusted because it brings the appearance of wisdom instead of wisdom itself. this could be a critique of online learning. the author is none other than play tough. dialogue recording a in the year 370 pc e. what is the technology in question, what is it that gives it the appearance of wisdom? the technology is writing. suspicious that writing is an invention that will produce forgetfulness in the minds of those who learned to use it because they will not practice their memory. new educational technologies are almost always met with suspicion, with great suspicion, with skepticism if not cynicism. at that time the purpose of that faculty was challenged as never before, but many times since. why sit through a lecture to gain knowledge when on your own time you can simply read it in a book? from that time until now our universities have not only survived, they have thrived. they have changed dramatically, as well. we are here to talk about one which certainly seems dramatic. how do we wisely judged and prudently plan for the new internet technologies and education, particularly as we experienced an explosion of whatve online courses of are now called "mooks?" this new educational technology burst onto the scene just five years ago. failure isard that an orphan while success has many parents. countless individuals and universities are willing to claim heritage. course ontanford artificial intelligence that true what hundred 60,000 students in the fall of 2011. it cost everyone to sit up and pay attention. year, 2012, became the year of the mooks. three university collaboration's emerged to promote this new technology and the offer high-quality courses to anyone in the world with an internet connection who can speak the language and they offered it for free. and then it turns out if you did not speak the language there would be some online who translated for you. penn is one of the founding far -- pounding partners -- founding partners. that was less than one year ago. our faculty has since completed tenet courses on the class forms with the total enrollment of more than four hundred 50,000 students. those are just the courses we have completed. there are another 400,000 students enrolled right now. those 450,000 are more than 18 times the total enrollment at hand. you begin to understand the possibilities and the opportunities that this new technology provides. how it us knows exactly will play out. i have from the beginning called this a bold experiment. are we heading for an educational revolution or will this just allow us to do more of what we have always done and in a somewhat new way? what are the opportunities and what are the most likely unforeseen consequences. i am delighted to say we have a stellar group of panelists with us today to answer my probing questions. i have the privilege of asking questions and they are on the spot for answering them. those are the rules. those are one of my to privileges as president. pulitzer prize-winning journalist and a columnist who has been with the new york times for more than two decades, serving in capacities that have ranged from middle east bureau chief to achieve diplomatic correspondent, white house correspondent, and international economic correspondent. "the 1995 he has served as new york times" for affairs columnist, on which he has written extensively on which technology changing the lives of individuals and society in which they live. his best-selling and pulitzer prize-winning bookhas been read all around the world. i have everyone of them on my bookshelf marked up. it is a fabulous privilege. come. theha has been undersecretary of education in the obama administration since to the us nine. to oversees policies related post secondary education, adults in career technical education, federal student aid, and a wide range of other white house educational initiatives. president obama has set a goal for this country to have the best educated, most competitive work force in the world by 2020 as measured by the proportion of college graduates. the president has charged under secretary cantor with implementing the policies to make this happen. prior to appointment she served as chancellor of one of the largest community college districts in the nation, located in the heart of california's silicon valley. combinesis someone who an understanding and appreciation of education and innovation it is certainly more cantor.certainly martha welcome, martha. [applause] william kerwin has been chancellor of the university system of maryland for more than a decade. ,e were just talking earlier when i spent a year at the university of maryland college .ark and william was there previously he served as president of ohio state university and before that as president of the university of maryland's college park. he is a widely respected and saw after expert on the biggest challenges facing higher education in america, especially affordability, cost containment, and innovation. chancellor car when it shares of national resources board higher education. chairsellor kerwin the national resources board of higher education. welcome. is the professor in the computer science department at stanford university. her broad expertise includes machine learning with applications for biology, and personalized medicine. she helped usher -- he era is a social entrepreneurship company -- sara is a social entrepreneurship company. year itry of this included a 62 partners offer a 300 classis with more than 200 -- with more than 2.5 million students enrolled. welcome and thank you, daphne. [applause] let us get started. daphne, you are on the spot. the last shall be first. 2012ew york times called the year of the mooks. online education has been here for decades. is this hype or is there something special about mooks? >> i think there is something special about mooks. it has to do with several things. massive m l is the mooks.n o in the what we have been able to do by of technology and design is to provide an outstanding educational experience to people everywhere in what is effectively 0% margin of cost to students. these are people that would never have access to the educational experience that we take for granted. been said that mooks are a good thing for leap schools but, "there will be negative effects on smaller colleges." for system runs the gamut what you would call a flagship state university. do you expect dramatically different effects on different campuses? >> i do. because i think college park will be a producer of mooks. my hope is all of higher education can take advantage of new ideas and innovations like mooks to address what i think is the most pressing issue facing our country, and that is our inability to educate our next generation to the quality degree that are demanded. risk inwe are at great the united states. we talk about the competitiveness requirements. ist cannot be looked over the social equity aspect. to come from the lowest quartile of income have an 8% chance of getting a college degree. if you are in the upper quartile it is an 80% chance. tolege has become a gateway a good job and successful career. cannot be the america we have been if we do not reach out and educate a low income students. cost and access can only be addressed in this -- through innovations like and i am so excited about the potential they all offer. >> i think of this as mooks 101. the basics are you can deliver a lot with a very low marginal cost. is it going to work? we are talking about the basics -- you said low income students are the most left out. it is absolutely true. no matter what outrage cases like penn do, and we do a lot -- we are not going to capture all of those students. are we promising -- are your people in your neck avoids of demos and excited by this? are we promising too much? >> i cannot speak to the journalism side so let me try to put into context. all of thetalk about separate boxes, and that its technology, education, and the workplace. to me they are seamlessly connected. i will do the one minute version of "the world is flat" updated. maybe two. i have one rule of business -- whatever can be done will be done. the only question is will it be done by you or to you? just do not think it will not be done. "by you or toy you" that means by the united states? clocks that a strike again >> this is constructive competition creed -- >> that is right. >> this is constructive competition. a platformcreated where more people can meet, connect, and collaborate at zero everfrom more places than before. that was thanks to the merger of three things, the personal computer in which everyone offers their own content, the internet which allows people to transmit their content digitally anywhere, and the allowsce software that people to collaborate on each other's content. that all came together between 1995 and 2004. revolutionthe mooc's possible was a second revelation between 2004 and today. you have seen a huge inflexion was was the size -- that disguised by the post 9/11 prices. 9/11 crisis. when i sat down to the new book with michael the first thing i did was get the first edition of "the world is flat." i opened up the index and looked under f, facebook wasn't in it. facebook did not exist, twitter in was ahere, linked prison, skype was a type. o. [laughter] [applause] all that happened after "the world is flat." we went from connected to hyper- connected. the last point i will make is that it has raised the whole global curve. the whole global curve just rose because every person has cheaper, easier, faster access to above average software, above average in addition, above average innovation, and above average genius. what is most important social and economic factor of the time is that average is officially over. -- to taket is over the current point -- if you do not have a high-school degree there is nothing for you. the technology is related to the inequality and opportunity. in a very put this , it just som happens to crescent wintley be given by the press -- to coincidently be given by a professor named to robert price. the first course is to get accredited by the american council of the council -- american council of education. it is visually stunning. he is not only a great scholar and a teacher applied math but he is an artist. dante.s this course is going to be available for everybody around the world. subjectthat it will be -- will be something that inspires more young people who did not have access to it in a traditional education sense to learn advance cup tennis. calculus.d you are on the spot, you care about access and quality. arnie duncan has said, "every capable hard-working and responsible student should be able to afford to go to college ." that is not a democratic or republican dream, that is the american dream. quizis a multiple choice -- automatic grading would be easy but i am sure you will have a somewhat untraditional answer to this. >> we will deal with this. a.) increase access, b.) decrease the quality of education to young both, or d.)) none of the above. b.they will do both a and they have already increased access so they will continue to increase access. that is a no-brainer. >> that is a headline. that really is the headline because there is no doubt -- this is quite remarkable because we are living through this. there is no doubt that have already increased access. there is an autistic young the americanok poetry course online because that young person, because of his optimism, he could not do it in person. that is amazing. >> we have been doing panels all year since then together. i was so struck in your introduction because i wrote the first, about this in may. at the time it was two hundred 30,000 students. -- two hundred 30,000 students. >> 3.2. same calendarthe year. >> when we started we were four universities. he has really carried this forward. he and ed of ross, we moved -- nobody should say that higher education cannot move quickly when we want to move quickly. just to piggyback on what tom lab -- i thought of being a scientist and having a. petrie dish. church to have two and then for and then eight -- first you have two and then a four and then eight. do we have 24 now? are redoubling? it is quite remarkable and it is good. let me get back to martha. access and quality, how can we bring them together? >> i had a meeting this week with the head of higher education in one of our 50 states. he just completed four mooc courses and "introduction to computer science" in four different moocs. he said he had how those courses were taught, and when he came away with. my first question was, did you finish? he finished all four courses. what i said in answer to b, it has the potential to increase quality and decrees quality, it is that variation that we in the federal government and many people across the country want leadership, who is dispersed all over the world right now -- >> they are all right here. givek them to continue to us the best quality and demonstrate how you are giving us that best quality and what we are learning from what we -- you are doing. i asked daphne a couple of weeks courses, is taking mooc and you said 80% of course takers and coursera have a baccalaureate degree. my question is who does not have a baccalaureate degree and are they completing mooc courses, and at what level? do they have the potential to teach basic math and how to process that we can get more students completing advanced calculus so we can get more people ready for the jobs that are going to be here that tom talks about? >> it is a great question. step to an essential speak to your point. if we are going to raise the level of society within the united states and equally and even more so across the world, we need access to education, even more so than we do here, you have to start from the basics. the basics are introductory opera, physics, calculus, and then you bring them up to the next level when they can complete a baccalaureate degree. it is essential that we provide a pathway to success for students to come in with so very little. on thent to comment quality issue. that is so central to this discussion. we, in higher education, cannot meet our higher obligation to society look into the future if we cannot find lower-cost means of delivering high quality higher education. overcoming what bill calls the cost disease. the thing that excites me about the moocs -- but i still have questions -- is can they be used in traditional campuses to drive down the cost but maintain the quality of the delivery? we have to answer that question. we are actually running some experiments, working with ithaca, the not-for-profit in new york, in partnership with the gatesfunding from foundation, running side-by-side comparisons, where classes are being taught in traditional ways but we are using the mooc in other sections of the same class. then we will compare the cost and the outcome. we have to answer that question. >> so let's be clear about this. teaching is not the same thing as learning and what we really care about is not what is taught, but what is learned. daphne, what is the potential for assessing learning via moocs? in other words, the front page ,f "the new york times" today it is very hard to wake up any morning and not see some article about moocs or on-line learning. story aboutge had a a new automated trading system that uses artificial intelligence. this is your field, daphne. artificial intelligence technology to instantly grade students assignments with no human input. moocs andure of higher education that students learn with no human input, other than the creation of the moocs themselves? how do we best push moocs forward so that a high proportion of students are learning, not just that we are teaching them in innovative ways. to first answer the middle part of your question, do we hope most students will learn without human intervention. that is certainly not our hope. for me, the best model is the one that the chancellor was just describing, where the mooc content is embedded in a live setting, with a live instructor. >> that is called the blended model. >> i think it is really important because that personal relationship between a stude