hello, i'm darn jordan and go out with a quick reminder. the top stories here are now to 0. police and brazil say a suspect has confessed to fatal shooting indigenous expert buena pereira and veteran british journalist dom phillips, investigators say the suspect, led them to a remote part of the amazon, where the bodies were buried. herrera and phillips went missing more than a week ago. after receiving threats, monica, you knock him as the latest from rio de janeiro. what happened was one of the 2 suspects, the one that was odd that they detained more recently. he confessed, they took him, he said that he had taken the 2 men. he said that they had submerged their boat, had killed them and taken them to bury them inside the forest are 3 kilometers inside the fours. that means to carry their bodies. you'd have to go with the small canoe through these rivers. ah, after saying that after confessing the police accompanied the man to the site where he said that these are 2 people had been buried and there they found human remains . the police was saying that they were very sorry for what happened to the families of these 2 men. journalist dom phillips was writing a book about saving the amazon and indigenous expert. but a little bit era who is one of results most experienced people in un contacted tribes. they had been in the job id valley, which is a huge indigenous reservation is the size of morocco and home to the largest number of un contacted friday. and are bruno was working with the indigenous people. the locals are to try and stop the illegal fishermen. poachers are miners from invading their territories. he was helping them map this out. and he was travelling with dom phillips when these both men were ambushed according to the police. the u. s. federal reserve has higher interest rates by 3 quarters of a percentage point to try to curb inflation. the increase the larger since 1994, our g castro has more from washington dc. this is a very aggressive move as resent this is the highest 11 time rate hike in 28 years in the us. and the goal here is to react to the alarm rate of inflation that we saw in a report just last week. now at 6.8 percent, a historic high in the us federal board chair reserve board chair jerome. how will also called these extraordinarily challenging and uncertain times for the us economy. now, he has quite the challenge ahead of him. he's trying to cool down this roaring hot economy. i've raising that interest rate to lower the amount of money that's available in the economy. but he has to do so on the board has to do so without triggering a recession. there are some fear of that happening possibly next year, even in the u. s. according to some economists, how will did not predict that. he said that he and among the boards releasing the economic projection for the next 3 years in the u. s. finding that by 2024 around then is when the u. s. economy may fall down to a healthier level where unemployment rate and the inflation rates are at the target levels at the federal reserve was the year in refugee agency says that the number of people to space worldwide is, wasn't record 100000000. the biggest fact that the moment is russia's war in ukraine, the by the ministration as an additional $1000000000.00 in the military aid for ukraine that includes anti ship rocket systems, artillery and ammunition is also 220 $5000000.00 and humanitarian assistance leaders of germany. france and italy are on their way to keep the 1st time shorts among the macro. my a drug trouble there since rushes invasion began. and the government's refusing to rule out abandoning a european human rights packed up for judge, blocked it from deporting some asylum seekers to rolanda the last minute intervention by the european court of human rights for the 1st flight to be cancelled on tuesday night. the court is unrelated to the european union, which left the united kingdom in 2020. well, those are that lines and he's continues here now to 0 after drug trafficking politics and power station been soldier by fluff. ah. ready sh ah, this is a copy failed. once cut the cord of the clans, secretes a miraculous, milky fluid called latex, bass, opium, used by man as a bomb for more than 5 millennia opium released pain and the pieces the mind. and that should have been the end of it. ah, for this drug would play a part in some of mankind's greatest upheavals, imperialism colonization, the cold war, and more recently, globalization without the backing of states. drug trafficking would never have existed. released into the heart of the system, drugs have dictated their own jeer politics in the shadows, secret operations. widespread corruption. drugs are now part of the very flesh of the world's democracies. from wall street to the jungles of columbia, from shanghai to cabo cartels mafia banks, pharmaceutical labs and political parties have all lived of drug trafficking. the results of devastating whole population stigmatized or displaced families torn apart. to day we stopped counting the dead. ah. this documentary series looked back at the sinew as history of drug trafficking, starting with opium, which the farmers call the gift from the gods. ah ah! at the town of the 19th century, britain was engaged in a frantic race to conquer new territories and new resources. with cotton t peppa and other commodities. the british empire liberalize the world in india, britain laid its hands on a particularly strategic resource. it was close to the city of benares in the ganges valley that the highest quality of opium grew. the british structured its farming and intensified production. with this opium, britain hoped to win the power struggle against the world's greatest power at the time the empire of china. china refused all free trade. it sold massive amounts of porcelain and t, so appreciated by the british. but bought nothing at all in return. there wasn't much the china neither. china was the oldest operating carmen, the world ending back millennia was a self contained economy. and so coming up of goods the, that the world's most advanced consumer economy, ah, needed that there was an impossibility into the chinese elite, had long sought evasion. i stuffing that pipes with all kinds of spices, saffron, camphor, on one day opium and its walk, the smoke could soon caused it spell on chinese high society. in a panic, the emperor decided to banish the mutton. history of drugs started here with the prohibition of an addictive substance and the greed of the british empire. these substances have out one very powerful, an advantage from a cynical business perspective. so the fact that drugs are addictive, ah, but creates an out of a lay, possibly olu, billing consumers, unwilling consumers. they let people literally get hooked on the substance. the next step was purely logistical. the british crown couldn't be seen to be involved in smuggling. so it gave the job to private traders the most avid amongst them, william jardine and james matheson loaded thousands of chests of opium on to their ships in india and set sail for china. the distinction between private mercantile interests and the government. these were not completely separate there, there was a commonality of interest, lily, age of imperialism, of commerce was good for the empire. the empire was good for commer. so, so these things very much one together on behalf of the british crown, jardin and madison to scottish gentlemen in embroidered waste coats and patent leather slippers invented international drug trafficking. in the bay of canton, the 2 traders bribed the port authorities unsold their cargoes of opium to the chinese emperor's worst enemies. the triads. these powerful secret societies had a single claim to overthrow the dynasty and power loop. humor, would you see? i done it. lavish, only the millionaire tells you, ah, this in me, and he forced to define it book with her to say it says you there. she fina alexander. companies. don't said these are gonna buy data or nobody's. if he he good to you man. the play fake it to a pure man. they also connected to a human kid of an m and on the 10th on p. so they are on the pallet these up him under the buck gun. the content did publish, you know, in 1839. the emperor felt under threat. he imprisoned thousands of smugglers and had 20000 chests. the british opium destroyed jordan and madison seized on this is a pretext back in london, they convinced the highest authorities that war was the only way to open up the huge market that china represented with a 3rd of the wills population. so in the name of profit, britain launched, the opium was in fact, in china, many chinese historians day, the modern era from the opium wars. this is, this is one china, which had been a self sufficient empire for, for hundreds or thousands of years, suddenly becomes the victim of imperialism. the defeated emperor was forced to legalize opium and open up his country to foreign trade. he seated hong kong to the british, who turned the island into an outright opium hub. in 15 years, sales of the drug had risen from 3000 to almost 6000 tons a year. to finance this boom in opium trading, a bank was founded. the hong kong and shanghai banking corporation, hsbc. these glass towers are the heritage of an era which saw the birth of what is now the 7th largest bank in the world in terms of assets and the jobs in matheson group, a pillar of world trade and the 1st business to grow, make a rich from drug trafficking, the symbolism really was a bed. the colonial power was shoving opium, literally down the throats of the chinese people and sentencing chinese men and women of 2. 0, there were stating drug addiction did the ability to de lives that kept them often torn from their families, m. economically deprived following the opium was uprisings broke out across china, resulting in millions of deaths. the empire sank into a slow agony to avoid the total collapse of its economy. china began growing its own poppies. china's borders were finally opened. millions of chinese fled to the world's main ports, light london, amsterdam, and san francisco. and they took the practice of opium smoking with them. so if the original san was that the west or western imperialist foisted opium on the chinese, the chinese and away had their revenge because with this great diaspora of the chinese immigrant community on opium smoking is transplanted all over the world are in the united states at the time of the gold rush, chinese work is provided easily exploitable labor opium spread through the china towns of the big cities. in europe, opium also made nations heddie. the drug would make the dreams of colonial grandeur come true. for various countries, france, the eternal rival of great britain, intended to turn into china into a mountain colony, a mirror of its own power. it constructed expensive infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and railroads. the colonization re topic with the french budget. citronella as if i going to walk really couldn't you had body raj or, or jenny? how's hebrew to be glued. he could do it after a local degree of know, heard the quality, sort of what our shall do, the daily more do best use boy, equally by law lobby j. ah, in 1882 france started buying war opium in india and china and refining it in a modern factory in the city center, a saigon opium became a standardized ready to smote, product called sion do on said in a 1000 or so stores with the r o sign that a she to low p. m opium regime, france jealously guarded it's monopoly and severely punished any smuggling the more opium addicts are wearing in the china, the full of the colonial coffin became the regime would supply almost a 3rd of indo, china's budget this lucrative model was copied by the other colonial powers and the british spanish and dutch, soon founded their own regimes. the opium industry would run on full steam until the end of world war 2, dragging millions of people across asia. now there was opposition to this and this in the 19th century, one very important group opposing this traffic was of course the missionaries because they saw the traffic in drugs as being opposed to their essential mission of christian izing, these lamps. and so there's, there's certainly tension between the merchants and the governments and the imperial administrations that are interested in revenue and the missionaries who are interested in souls. this tension reached a peak in china in the early 20th century. the empire had become the world's largest opium producer, overtaking india from deep within the country. huge cargoes descended the yangtze river to shang i. within a few years, the port city had dethroned hong kong shanghai was the new well capital of opium. the european powers controlled entire districts of the city known as concessions where the opium trade was booming. in shanghai, different qualities of opium were available. foreign refined opium coveted by the wealthy youth, or cut chinese opium for the poor classes. in 190613 1000000 chinese people were opium addicts. it was carnage. a massive prohibition campaign was conducted across the empire the europeans, not yet attics of the drug, but of its trade ignored the ban and continued business as usual. so china turned towards a new power. liz, emily got good credit. lo till i could to have work. let poor be sure does sir, is to be sure. lou them or baskets from pottery? polly postcolonial ellie's? i mean, i don't know, but clooney. bob ols on label. for say, equal pranks on, they say that they are the a c a m c, the hog above a body, obasi lee, lee preschool, toyota, so member law her, your daughter didn't even see him said, what is it does need to get in the country thought, urge montague sonata in 19 o 9 in shanghai, the united states and china convened the 1st international opium convention. the european nations unanimously refused to reduce their production. but paris, london and amsterdam would soon reconsider that position. when they realized how far opium addiction had spread across the west, ah, throughout the 19th century, europe had gone through its various industrial revolutions. millions of farm laborers had left the countryside and crammed into the centres of monstrous manufacturing cities. with the insulin serious living and working conditions, the slightest comp became infected cases of gangrene increased. epidemics were rife, typhoid tuberculosis, cholera, doctors were at a loss. then suddenly the pain stopped from the tree to the poppy chemist managed to extract a miraculous substance. they named it after mafia's, the greek god associated with sleep and dreams. villamore athena la syntheses de la motor fina full, not liberal sheehan. but alas, conscientious if where, where more defeat gorn listed amanela the infant that had quintal in the lot. edwin alex young. in the law morale, luckily possible. what full man, ah, in the mid 19th century, the german heinrich emanuel mac pioneered the large scale commercial production of morphine. within a few decades, his small lab had turned into germany's 1st pharmaceutical empire. to day. it's the 5th largest pharmaceutical group in the world. from 1861. during the american civil war, 10000000 doses of morphine were given to union soldiers. during this 1st massive blood bath of the modern era, the quality of war surgery also improved greatly. thanks to morphine doctors could ease pain, operate and if necessary, even amputate on the battlefield. the invention of the hypodermic needle accompanied this progress, injected intravenously. morphine grip tightened. patients no longer suffered but they became totally hooked. so the pharmaceutical industry set out to find an antidote and came up with a multi usage substance, which could unhook opium addicts, cocaine advocated by young viennese doctor sigmund freud, lecoq. i enough it all seem one of them will certainly that it will not go so common when webber go more. go more. gussie mackey kennels have yet like a leather lassie unsealed or beer. you would go to a pharmacy and you would, the pharmacist would have a little jarnard, will take cocaine and would dispense you cocaine for a variety of ailments. mm. cocaine became a slight shit product sold in the form of an alexia ointment, spray, or cigarette newspapers were full of ads. the main targeted customer was the well to do woman. she didn't work. so her major suffering was boredom. throughout the 19th century and in to the early 20th century, drugs became cheaper and people discovered that all you can inject cocaine or snorted up the nose. or you can mix morphine and cocaine and you can check them in this it's, it's very, it produces a very powerful euphoria in 1898. the industrial pharmaceutical lab buyer came up with a new opium derivative guaranteed a 100 percent non addictive. results of the 1st tests performed on dogs were hardly conclusive intense drowsiness, a tendency of vomiting and abundant salivation. by a none the less launched its new product under the triumphant name of heroine, recommended for the treatment of asthma and infant teething pains. if you look at the history of morphine, if you look at the history of heroine, if you look at the history of cocaine, these things do not enter the world as evil underworld drugs. they enter the world as medicines. it's almost like a genie that escaped the bottle. ah, there was no q of morphine addiction was still each new product attracted its own band of addicts. throughout the 19th century, the industrialization of western nations turned living conditions, hygiene and education upside down. new work organization practices, place the individual at the center of their concerns. the 20th century dawned with new models. there was a, arise of the idea that the state had the responsibility. and in order to produce a strong citizenry for of military mobilization for national development. that the state had a responsibility to regulate how the body was used, the unfettered market in addictive drugs, was a real social problem and a real social evil that needed to control drug control, including prohibition, was born of the same progressive international movement that gave us the regulatory state that gave us the wall 1st aid, the gave us social reform that gave us protections for workers for unions. prohibition was finally enforced. the united states began by banning opium in 19 o 9. this voltage shot in san francisco shows hundreds of opium pipes going up in flames. in 1914, with the harrison act, the u. s. regulated and taxed opiates and coca products. indispensable for surgery from then on cocaine moving and harrowing would only be available by prescription thousands of drug uses. he once built their daily fix over the pharmacy counter, didn't know where to turn to ease that terrible cravings. 2 cl estella, these 2 bro, evil estimate guns here. and so there, monday in school, fed lucas, i must ask, is a can it element gullow? nick mc gallow could viola lake, the genesis done these 1st to sub, literally, excuse me. nice to meet demand, the criminal underworld learned how to refine heroine in mexico, in the fertile region of sinaloa farmers grew poppies to supply the american pharmaceutical industry. in the early 19 twenties, they saw new customers suddenly turn up. the 1st big figure in mexican drug trafficking was ignacio eso, alias la natur, she bought roar opium in sinaloa, and had it transformed into a brown heroine of mediocre quality by chemist in her employ. now natur set up a clandestine laboratories close to the border with the united states in c, a dad why's to up? why this is that big owl? i luckily met us. you. that is the lonely then say, is el paso, texas impulses isn't bundle. and then what your flu cordless, it can be, any less dollars pass up. what a r a mass, the net or grow less, e colored glasses o. kettles. look at that b