dig up old tapes of those artists 20 or 30 years from now. we'll see where the technology is at that point. >> if someone cares about it. that's the thing. all this stuff that we're hearing in 50 or 100 years, the only thing left is going to be those four guys. >> absolutely. well said. great to talk to you. thank you, everybody, for joining me this evening. don't forget to turn those clocks back an hour and maybe play some beatles later on tonight. i'll see you again tomorrow night at 5:00. "full story" is next. welcome to the whole story. i'm anderson cooper in tel aviv. the attack by hamas left at least 1,400 people dead, month are than 200 people held hostage according to israeli officials and many more people are still unaccounted for. in response, israel began a bombing campaign in gaza according to the hamas- controlled health ministry, more than 4,000 people dying there so far. the story of hamas is complex. itits roots date back to the formation of israel in 1948. it has many factions, including the so-called military wing which perpetrated the terror attack. over the next hour we bring you the whole story of hamas. we want to warn you, some of the images you'll see in this hour may be disturbing. >> pure unadulterated evil. >> i can't even try to comprehend these monsters. >> terrorists. >> this is not islam. >> they should be spit out. >> we cannot expect that israel will continue to blockade gaza, deprive them of their freedom and assume at some point they will not resist. at some point it's going to boil over. >> october 7th was different. october 7th changed everything. is. >> what happened on october 7th is unprecedented. what mass has targeted israeli civilians before. that's not new. what is new is simply the scale and just the ruthlessness. >> how do you define hamas? who and what is hamas? >> hamas is a social political movement. >> there are plenty of palestinians who cannot stand hamas, but they recognize some of their neighbors, some of their family members, are hamas supporters. hamas has several aspects to it. it certainly does have a military wing, but it also has a political wing. it has social services. it calls itself the islamic resistance movement and the movement is a comprehensive one. >> hamas is a nationalist movement that's committed to the notion of arms struggle for the liberation of palestine. out of all the different palestinian factions that exist, hamas is the only party that has an organized military and a very well resourced military force. so what that means is that for many palestinians hamas is the only party that can actually defend palestinian civilians against israeli aggression. >> that's the reality. that is how many palestinians view and consider them, a line of defense. >> since 2007 hamas has governs the gaza strip with more than 2 million people largely cut off by the israeli blockade, an area humanitarian rights group have called an open air prison. but the rise of hamas and what led up to its massacre of more than 1,000 men, women, and children in israel is a story that begins long before hamas ever existed. >> this did not start on october 7th. >> the british had a mandate to govern palestine after world war i and the mandate said you should prepare this territory for independence, but you should also facilitate a jewish national home. >> the british tried various mechanisms to make them agree on some kind of settlement. >> the british found they couldn't do both. so they gave up. they just left after world war ii and they handed the problem over to the u.n. and said, "we can't deal with it." >> the palestine problem moves into another stage of discussion. >> the u.n. sets up a commission that comes to the conclusion that the best solution here is to take this land and to divide it, roughly speaking, half to the palestinians, half to the israelis. the jews accept that deal. the arabs do not. >> so war broke out. >> arabs and jewish nationals fought each other bitterly and relentlessly. >> as a result of that war, the state of israel declared itself and took control not simply of the territory that the u.n. had allotted to it, but some other territory as well, a lot of which had significant palestinian population. >> the new jewish state, israel, was born in a bath of blood. >> the birth of the state of israel for palestinians is called a word which means the catastrophe because in order to pave the way to establish israa jewish state, there needed to be a mass ethnic cleansing of palestinians. more than 700,000 palestinians fled our side of the land of palestine and palestine was essentially decimated. >> captives are held for evacuation. women flee with what belongings they can carry. >> israel said essentially we're not allowing them to return. so you may have thought you were leaving for a week, but you're never coming back. >> by the end of 1948 a newly formed israel had claimed 78% of the land of historic palestine. the palestinians, who hadn't fled to neighboring countries, settled in the remaining 22% of land that israel had yet to conquer. >> what is left is the west bank in gaza. so the egyptians control gaza. the jordanians control the west bank and that's how it was until the 1967 war when arab armies amassed on israel's border. >> on the frontier of the gaza strip, just a mere kilometer away. >> 19ticket 7 1967 is one of the biggest historic moments in the middle east. >> israeli forces have routed the armed might of their arab neighbors. >> the israelis conquer the west bank in gaza and this is a moment of great exhilaration in israel because they feel as though they have defeated the arab arms in an extraordinary military success. they have not figured out what they're going to do with the millions of palestinians on that land. >> after the six-day war the millions who fled to gaza and the west bank in 1948 are officially under israeli occupation. >> which left all these people in gaza in the west bank citizens of nowhere. they weren't citizens of the israeli state, so they were just stuck. >> palestinians begin to say we need to liberate ourselves. >> throughout the '70s and '80s bursts of violence between palestinians and israelis were commonplace. the palestinian liberation organization, which is formerly recognized by the world, was led by yassir arafat who was operating in exile outside the palestinian territories, but inside israeli-occupied gaza a new resistance movement was underway. >> the biggest civil society and actors against the military occupation and the idea was they would disrupt the occupation apparatus. so they refused to open shops. they blocked highways. they refused to a period of si agitation. >> around the same time islamists within gaza and the west bank were shifting focus to a more aggressive approach towards their israeli occupiers and a new armed resistance group would emerge officially known as hamas. >> a spiritual leader in the gaza strip and one of the earliest founders and leaders of the muslim brotherhood chapters in palestine and when hamas was established in 1987, he emerged as leader of the movement and in some ways the spiritual guide of the movement. >> unlike the secular palestinian resistance known as fattah, the newly established hamas was not interested in liberating gaza and the west bank alone. instead, it set out to eliminate the state of israel altogether as outlined in its 1988 charter, a goal that made hamas an outsider to any peace negotiations, including the oslo accords. >> the oslo accords really set off earthquakes in both palestinian and israeli society. >> as our wars have been long, so must our healing be swift. >> but the oslo accords ultimately resulted in that the plo recognized the state of israel and so conceded 78% of the land of historic palestine and in return the israeli government recognized the plo as the sole legitimate representative of the palestinian people. there was jubilation globally and many palestinians despite this historic concession believed that this might pave the way to the establishment of a state on 22% of their land, but this was by no means nonhad controversial noncontroversial or unchallenges and for hamas specifically, this was something they were fundamentally opposed to. >> one of the deadliest attacks to derail peace came in february 1994, just months after the signing and historic white house photo op. >> a jewish settler entered the mosque while muslims were worshiping there. the dozens of dead and scores of injured were rushed to hospitals in nearby towns. >> that was a turning point because hamas then decided to begin employing suicide bombing as a form of resistance. >> 41 days after the mosque attack hamas responded detonating its first lethal suicide attack, killing seven israelis at a bus stop. >> the big reason oslo failed was violence. the perception of both sides is that their adversary is not serious. israelis say arafat is not completely stopping terrorism. palestinians say the israelis are dragging their feet on a pullout. they're increasing settlement building even as they're promising to leave. >> the fundamental reason hamas has gained strength is that the palestinian authority, which is their competition, has been seen as corrupt and unable to deliver on its core promise, which was a palestinian state. >> but to the west hamas was not a negotiating partner. instead it became a threat. in 1997 the u.s. officially designated hamas a foreign terrorist organization. >> if you protest nonviolently and so on, you are shot at. you are imprisoned. so they left only one avenue actually, which is armed resistance. >> hamas has decided that it is going to use violence. it is going to use violence against civilians. it is going to be brutal. >> the next decade hamas continued its violence and i it would d meet m more violenence rereturn. will they go home with a deal? the latest from camp david. >> this wooded maryland retreat of u.s. presidents, camp david, was the site of a possibly historic summit in the summer of 2000. >> you had yassir arafat, the legendary leader of the palestinian liberation organization, who had a lot of credibility with palestinians, barack, a distinguished israeli mililitary officicer. >> if they cannot make p progre now, t there wilill be more hostility and more bitterness. >> if seemed as though they had kind of come to an agreement and then arafat pulls out the last minute, best we can tell, because he believed that if he didid this, hamas would gain power. >> so the israeli story on camp david is that the israeli prime minister offered significant concessions and the palestinians said no. the palestinian view was that they were set up at camp d davi ththat israel and the united states made offers they knew that yassir arafat could not accept and as a result, they were made to look bad. >> just two months after those talks failed to get an agreement a former israeli defense minister who many arabs called the butcher of beirut for israel's 1982 invasion of lebanon made a provocative heavily guarded visit to the temple mount. a holy site in christianity, judaism and islam, also a flash important of contention over who should control it, israelis or arabs. >> the violence that observers believe to be inevitable erupted. >> just the first sparks of what became the second violent and deadly conflict between israelis and palestinians over israeli occupation of the west bank in gaza. the second conflict would last nearly five years, a half decade fight in which hamas became known for their routine use e of both terror andnd destruruction. >> over time more and more of israel came to range as hamas' missiles got better and better. >> israeli forces demolished over 4,000 palestinian homes and arrested thousands. israel shut down and bombed ministries and infrastructure trying to coerce palestinian leaders to end the violence. between 2000 and 2005 there were over 4,300 registered fatalities with a palestinian to israeli ratio of just over 3- 1. finally in february 2005 came this announcement from the palestinian authority and israel. >> we have agreed with the prime minister to cease all acts of violence. >> later that year israeli unilaterally began implementing its so-called disengagement plan to evacuate israel's settlements and military posts from gaza and a section of the west bank. thouousands of settltlement reresidents lolost their h home > it was both a phyhysical, also a p psychologicical disesengagement t on behalf of israelis from gaza. it was no longer their problem. >> there was a very, very difficult, painful step for israel to take, to pull settlers out and howow d did palelestinians r respond? by shooting rockets s and there is some trtruth to thahat. it's's also true, thoughgh, whe israel pulled out of gaza, it continued to envelope it in a blockade. >> a blockade to isolate hamas and attempt to prevent smuggling of weapons, but it also severely limited the transport of b basic necesessit for papalestinian n citizens i gaza. >> t the blockckade was quite hohorrific. there was s an immediaiate coll in thehe q quality of lilife in medicicines, food d items, w wa alall of the items of a normal life were immemediately suspend and ththe immedidiate impapact significicant increaease in pov and destititution. >> the yeaears leaeading up to palestinian election in 2006 saw an unprecedented wave of violence. i remember being in the city where i was raising my young son and feeling unsafe to simply go out about my daily life in the streets. >> and from gaza hamas cocontinued toto terrorizeze is >> so o israrael was operaratin ununder the assumption despite millllion paleststinians beiein imprisoneded it t could still expect c calm. whwhat h hamas w was doing was this period shattetering that t illusionon. so evevery few months s and if years, it would fire rockets in order to force israel to reconsider. >> in 2006, nearly a year after the announcement of the ceasefire, elections for the palestinian legislative council were held in gaza. cnn chief correspondent christy chriristiane amamanpour wawas t >> the group of amamericans who belilieved that t the iraqaq wa 2003 w would briring demococrac the wider r mimiddle east,t, t a very flawed assumption and the americans insisted on this election even though the isisraelis andnd the palesestin authority y warned thehe united states notot to lelet thisis el go ahead because they feared the hamas would prevail and that is exactly what happened. >> the hamas victory was resounding, winning 76 of 132 seats in the legislature, shocking results for the u.s. and israeli officials, bringing to power a group the united states had designated as a terrorist organization, but a group that had been making a difference in the lives of everyday palestinians. >> for many palestinians hamas is a lifeline. for two decades they've built a grassroots network of affordable social services l li thisis medical c clinic that chcharges $2 a visisit. >> they y providided educatitio theyey were veryry well entrenc with the citizens and civilians. so that is o one of ththe reaso why hamas s wowon in gaza in 20 >> s so after the e 202006 elec and hahamas vivictory, there ar ququestions on the scope of hamas' power. is it still under palestinian authority or independent and there are questions about who runs particular parts of gaza. hamas is worried there will with be a coup. as a result, it effectively does a coup. >> the coup in 2007 known as the battle of gaza was relatively brief, bloody and left no doubt hamas was not part of the palestinian authority which governed the west bank. hamas was a much m more extreme and violenent group now solely charge of gaza. >> it ceases power in gaza in 2007 and it violently goes after the individuals associated with the palestinian authority. some were thrown from windows, many arrested, tortured. >> but one thing is clear. hamas managed to do what fattah was unable to do prioror to 200 which isis to secure the street in gaza, to put an end to the rampant lawlessness ththat we wewere seeing.g. >> havaving hamas in c charge o gazaza meaeant the blockade wou continue. >> so the cutoff of goods going in and out of gaza have a big impact on hamas. they know make it hard for hamas to provide any degree of prosperity to ordinary gazans. >> i visited gaza in 2012. you might have power a couple hohours a day y and thesese conditioions were gettining wor and d woworse and worsrse. insiside the gaza ststrip haham nonot a popular movement. there's no elections, no way to get rid of them or anything like that. so people in the gaza strip just lived with them. >> and the conflict between israel and hamas would not abate, hamas attacking israel -- >> that was the explosion. we just heard one explosion going off. i think it came from that direction over there. >> -- israel firing on gaza. you look to your left, destruction. i reported from both gaza and israel telling stories of destruction and dismay. around 3:30 this morning here in gaza city a massive explosion. we know there have been at least four bombardments. and it would only escalate in 2014 after the israel security agency identified ha masses members as responsible for the kidnapping and killing of three israeli teenagers from a jewish settlement in the west bank. and weeks later the abduction and murder of a palestinian teen whose body was found in jerusalem. outrage and anger on both sides would not be contained, erupting in the 2014 gaza war. > israel l puput together an operation which consisted of about 50 days with 70,000 israeli callups for the defense forces. they went into gaza a anand on three e different t axises in n north, i in the center andnd th south. it resulteted in 66 israeli deaths of soldiers, six israeli citizens. u.n. estimates 2,100 palestinian and hamas deaths duringng that sameme operationo it wasas after that that the israeli government really started taking a different look at hamas and what they were doing in thehe gaza stririp. is it possible my network could take my business to the next level? it is with comcast business. powering all your devices with gig-speed wifi. and you get fast downloads and uploads. pick it up! pick it up! oh we got this! because it's powered by the next generation 10g network. more speed for your business? it's not just possible. it's happening. get started for $59.99 a month for 12 months. plus, ask how to get an $800 prepaid card with a qualifying internet bundle. comcast business, powering possibilities. more than 2,100 palestinians were killed. more than 60 israeli soldiers were killed. >> going in in 2014 into gaza after that sustained bombing, you just had this huge sense of the utter scale of the destruction. it was really hard, near impossible to find anyone who genuinely supported what hamas had done. >> i hope god won't let anyone taste our sufferering, t this w in g gaza said. . >> in the west bank where a majority of palestinians lived, the year 2021 was a very bloody year. >> a flash point has definitely been the possible eviction of some palestinian families, some of which had been living there for generations. >> according to the u.n., since prime minister benjamin netanyahu's reelection in 2009, there were over 14,000 instances where palestinians were forcibly removed from their land by israeli settlers. this includes east jerusalem. >> there are sirens going off all around jerusalem now. this usually means there is the popotential of rocockets coming > in 202021 w was the first thatat thehe palestininians mob as a a single people demanding single thing, which is to dismantle israel's regime of apartheid and for hamas it becomes the military power that is protecting the mobilization of palestinians. >>s israel once again fires back. >> 11 days of bloodshed that killed almost 250 palestinians in gaza according to