intensifying climate change and sand dredging. downstream communities living on the region's largest lake, the tonle sap in cambodia, are reporting a decline in fish stocks by more than 80% over the past twenty years. 0ur asia pacific correspondent, laura bicker, is in cambodia to ask if the mighty mekong can be saved. a world of water, once renowned for an abundance of fish. in recent years, thousands like this man have been asking where are they? translation: the been asking where are they? translation:— been asking where are they? translation: , , ., , translation: the past few years, there is less _ translation: the past few years, there is less and _ translation: the past few years, there is less and less _ translation: the past few years, there is less and less water - translation: the past few years, there is less and less water and - there is less and less water and fewer and fewer fish. now, there is less and less water and fewer and fewerfish. now, we have children and every morning i need around $5 to get them to school. these days, i have knowing term. it has taken four or five days, that is all i get. i have no fish to sell. —— | all i get. i have no fish to sell. —— i have no income. all i get. i have no fish to sell. -- i have no income.— all i get. i have no fish to sell. -- i have no income. since the 19905, -- i have no income. since the 1990s. some _ -- i have no income. since the 1990s, some countries - -- i have no income. since the 1990s, some countries have i -- i have no income. since the . 1990s, some countries have allied -- i have no income. since the - 1990s, some countries have allied to the mekong river as a potentially powerful energy resource. china has built 11 dams on the mainstream, and dozens more are planned. exports who monitor water levels are worried. you'll occur rainfall that would normally fall during the wet season is much lower than normal. at the same time, upstream dams are restricting water during the wet season. ., , . ., , ., season. climate restrictions are chanauin season. climate restrictions are changing the — season. climate restrictions are changing the way _ season. climate restrictions are changing the way that _ season. climate restrictions are changing the way that the - season. climate restrictions are i changing the way that the mekong river flows, changing the way that the mekong riverflows, much for the changing the way that the mekong river flows, much for the worse. studies suggest river nutrients and fish are now struggling to make it downstream. and when they do, they are struggling to survive. elsewhere, the mekong has other gifts to give. sand. 60 million tonnes of sand is dredged from the mekong every year to help construct developing southeast asian cities. that is the equivalent of 950 0lympic —sized swimming pools. this 25—year—old was jailed for more than a year for organising protests to protect the river. translation: imilieu protect the river. translation: when i see this, it— protect the river. translation: when i see this, it makes _ protect the river. translation: when i see this, it makes me _ protect the river. translation: when i see this, it makes me worry - protect the river. translation: wren i see this, it makes me worry about the mekong's state, and its impact on the cambodian people as a whole. the cambodian government has long been accused of profiting from plundering the country's natural resources, which it denies. but cambodia is not alone in its insatiable desire for sand. it is the world's most mined mineral. the problem here is that they are dredging atan problem here is that they are dredging at an already fragile ecosystem, that scientists fear is on the edge of irreversible collapse. there is a call now for governments in this region to work together, to monitor water levels and dam construction. the flow of the mighty mekong is not yet been stilled. but its fate now depends on the resilience of the people it supports and how far they are willing to go to defend it. the british prime minister rishi sunak says he will introduce emergency legislation so he can press ahead with plans to send some asylum seekers to rwanda. the policy was ruled unlawful by the supreme court. mr sunak said the uk was also working on a new treaty with rwanda. graham satchell reports. how do you stop the boats? the government's plan was to send asylum seekers to a third country, rwanda, where their applications would be processed. that plan has been left in tatters after the supreme court ruled it was unlawful. hands off refugees now! the courtjudgment said rwanda was not a safe country for refugees, particularly because there was a risk they could be forced back to their country of origin, where their life could be in danger. the ruling is a significant blow for the prime minister, rishi sunak, who's made tackling illegal migration a key pledge. we are a reasonable government and this is a reasonable country. but the british people's patience can only be stretched so thin, and they expect the boats to be stopped. the government has now announced a series of measures to resurrect its immigration plans — a new treaty with rwanda, which would prevent the removal of asylum seekers back to their home country, and emergency legislation to mark rwanda as a safe country. we pre—empted this. we have been working on this for well over a year now. we are in the final stages of turning it into a treaty. that can be done quickly. the legislation that needs to go through the house will be tight, simple and passed quickly. critics, including the labour party, say the government is now in disarray, and that sending asylum seekers to rwanda will never work and is not a deterrent. the only thing that is a deterrent is people knowing they're coming into a well organised, a functional asylum seeking process, and if they don't qualify, they are returned swiftly. the plan to send asylum seekers to rwanda was announced in 2022. it has already cost at least £140 million and no one has yet been sent to the country. but the government says it intends to see flights starting in the spring. graham satchel, bbc news. joining me now is our chief political correspondent henry zeffman in westminster. good morning. so, it is almost 24—hour since the supreme court gave theirjudgment. where are we on rishi sunak�*s pledged to stop the boats now? rishi sunak's pledged to stop the boats new?— rishi sunak's pledged to stop the boats now? ~ ~' boats now? well, i think even those in government _ boats now? well, i think even those in government who _ boats now? well, i think even those in government who were _ boats now? well, i think even those in government who were braced - boats now? well, i think even those in government who were braced for| boats now? well, i think even thosel in government who were braced for a defeat in the supreme court yesterday, for the possibility of a defeat, were taken aback by how conference of it was. that is why how the government proceeds is especially fascinating. i wouldn't say they have quite moved to plan b, i think it is more a souped up plan a. we have rishi sunak talking about upgrading the memorandum of understanding, more which underpins the deal on this to a treaty, which would be ratified in parliament. they hope that would overcome some legal objections. there would also be what we are told is emergency legislation in parliament to declare rwanda a safe country. but it is still hard to see how all of that, never mind the question of how quickly it might or might not be able to happen, can overcome the supreme court ruling, which seemed to be based on the historic behaviour of the rwandan asylum system, and what that would mean for any assurances the rwandan government might give the uk. find government might give the uk. and how is this being reflected, there is lots of talk about the european rules and the government riding roughshod over it and bringing in emergency legislation, how possible is that? lay out what the options are. . , , ., ., ., are. the emergency legislation would be to declare — are. the emergency legislation would be to declare rwanda _ are. the emergency legislation would be to declare rwanda a _ are. the emergency legislation would be to declare rwanda a safe - are. the emergency legislation would be to declare rwanda a safe country, | be to declare rwanda a safe country, that would be designed to make it harderfor that would be designed to make it harder for deportations to be challenged in uk courts. it's true that if the government back wants to pass very quickly in the house of commons, they probably would be able to do so, given they have quite a large majority in the house of commons. at legislation also has to be passed by the house of lords, and there, i think it would have a harder task. there, i think it would have a hardertask. both there, i think it would have a harder task. both on speed and on substance of it. even then, we still have the possibility of deportations, flights to rwanda, being blocked by the european court in strasbourg, under the european convention on human rights. that is what happened when the first plane was meant to take off for rwanda in june last year. that is what you have conservative mps, or some conservative mps, eagerfor have conservative mps, or some conservative mps, eager for rishi sunak to consider either leaving the convention altogether, orfinding sunak to consider either leaving the convention altogether, or finding a way to diss supplier to for these purposes. again, on the speed question, i think that is very hard to see, because there would be a furious debate in the conservative party and more generally if he went for that option. so if you think about the politics of this, what conservative mps are desperate to see happen is planes to take off, or a plane to take off for rwanda before the next general election. i think that is looking a lot less likely this morning than it did yesterday morning.— likely this morning than it did yesterday morning. thank you for that. pedro sanchez, the spanish acting prime minister, could be re—elected today and secure another term in office. he's likely to get the votes, after agreeing to present an amnesty law to congress — the product of a deal with catalan politicians. the draught has been highly criticised by right wing groups and thousands of people have protested on the streets of the capital for days. lets get more on this and join our news correspondent in madrid, guy hedgecoe. brings up—to—date with the latest. it looks like the boat will be passed today and he could be re—elected today, but it has been a turbulent time in spanish politics? yes, it has. iam turbulent time in spanish politics? yes, it has. i am outside the congress building. you can see there are fences up to court and off the building, to stop protesters from getting any closer. there aren't many protesters around at the moment because it is quite early in the day, but there is a big police presence, as you can see behind me. inside congress, we are expecting that a vote to take place in the next few hours, and we are expected pedro sanchez, the socialist leader, to win that, to secure a narrow majority that will allow him to form a new coalition government. you mentioned the controversy surrounding this, which is based on this amnesty law, which he has negotiated with catalan nationalists. it is an amnesty that will benefit catalan nationalists, more than 300 catalan nationalists, who have been facing legal action over the last few years because of separatist —related activity that they may have carried out. among those that is going to benefit is the former president of catalonia, who has been living in belgium for the last six years, to avoid the spanishjudiciary. that is the last six years, to avoid the spanish judiciary. that is very controversial and has provoked the process we have been seeing over the last few days in spain. for process we have been seeing over the last few days in spain.— last few days in spain. for those eo - le last few days in spain. for those peeple who _ last few days in spain. for those people who are _ last few days in spain. for those people who are not _ last few days in spain. for those people who are not experiments last few days in spain. for those i people who are not experiments in spanish history, the catalan issue has been divisive for decades, that is it is proving so controversial? —— expert in spanish history. yes. -- expert in spanish history. yes, it is an issue _ -- expert in spanish history. yes, it is an issue that _ -- expert in spanish history. yes, it is an issue that has _ -- expert in spanish history. yes, it is an issue that has been - —— expert in spanish history. yes it is an issue that has been very much at the fore of spanish politics, particularly over the last decade or so, especially since 2017, when that north—eastern region tried to break away from spain via a referendum, which the constitutional court deemed illegal. really, that referendum and the attempted break away has had repercussions ever since, whether it is people who have gone to prison, and then been pardoned, or now this amnesty which is causing so much controversy. but the catalan territorial issue, catalonia's relationship with the rest of spain in relationship with madrid and the spanish government, it remains a very live issue, and it looks like it is going to continue to be a very live issue in spanish politics for some time to come. thank you for the moment, we will be back to you, i am sure. around the world and across the uk. this is bbc news. bbc news — bringing you different stories from across the uk. cyber technology has become embedded in our daily lives. 0ur phones, our cars, how our data is processed. it's constantly evolving, but brings security risks as well — to the public, businesses, the government. the north—west is now at the heart of the cyber economy, and at this career�*s event, schoolchildren have been practising since the skills needed to develop cyber technology and take on the threats it poses. it was a lot of fun, but the skills that we need is to persevere and to communicate. do you think something like this would be good as a job later on? yeah. the north—west is becoming a cyber corridor, stretching from manchester, through to preston and onto lancaster. manchester has the government's intelligence agency hub, while preston has businesses like bae systems and will have the national cyber force, protecting the country from cyber attacks. for more stories from across the uk, head to the bbc news website. you're live with bbc news. let's turn now to the israel—gaza war. we can go live to southern israel to our correspondent mark lowen for all the latest. israeli police have said that they killed a suspect involved in an attack on a checkpoint injerusalem. 0lette speak to yolande knell. —— letter speak to. this is a checkpoint between the occupied west bank and jerusalem, it is a road mostly used by israelis from the settlements. at a busy time this morning, there was an attack there. we have heard from the israeli police now that three gunmen have been killed. we understand they arrived at the scene in a car with false license plates, which may have led the security police to believe it was an israeli car, and they began to open fire. several israelis have been wounded in that attack, one of them in a critical condition in hospital, the israeli police are continuing, they say, to scan the area. this is indicative of the kind of attacks that really have been expected by palestinians especially from the west bank, with ongoing operations in gaza really ratcheting up operations in gaza really ratcheting up tensions extremely high, after they had been simmering away for the past year anyway inside the west bank. . ., , . past year anyway inside the west bank. , ., , , ., . ., bank. the israeli defense force have be . un bank. the israeli defense force have begun releasing _ bank. the israeli defense force have begun releasing video _ bank. the israeli defense force have begun releasing video footage - bank. the israeli defense force have begun releasing video footage of- begun releasing video footage of what they say has been discovered inside al—shifa hospital, in that operation, with some grenades, kalashnikovs, flakjackets and the like. what is your take on what they have revealed so far, and whether thatis have revealed so far, and whether that is going to in some ways add credibility to their war effort in the eyes of the international committee?— the eyes of the international committee? there is an israeli military video _ committee? there is an israeli military video that _ committee? there is an israeli military video that has - committee? there is an israeli military video that has been i committee? there is an israeli - military video that has been widely shared that shows the weapons that they have. 0ne shared that shows the weapons that they have. one of our colleagues, lucy williamson, was taken with the israeli military, towards the end of the rate of al—shifa hospital yesterday, she was able to see that cache of weapons for herself. she was also shown the laptops they had taken, that they said had been used by hamas operatives until a few days ago inside the hospital, they said there were some information on their which indicated that they knew more about the hostages being held in the gaza strip. we have not been able to independently verify any of this, but at the moment this falls far short of what the israeli military said about the al—shifa hospital, that it had been used as a sophisticated command and control centre by hamas, and they previously put out a 3d model which showed what they said was a vast underground tunnel network. we have not yet seen any evidence of tunnels there. but they say they are continuing their search operation, they have been widening in scope. we did hearfrom a doctor at the hospital earlier that there had been a bulldozer scene near the southern gate. your live now to colonel moshe tetro — the head of co—ordination and liaison at cogat, the israeli defence ministry body handling civil affairs in gaza. thank you for being with us bbc news. i don't know if you heard the middle east correspondence saying that the finding so far, as released to the media, fall far short of what the israeli military had promised. we have seen a dozen ak—47s, some grenades, laptops. your defence minister called al—shifa hospital, the beating heart of hamas. does this amount to the operational command centre you had promised? well, as i am sure that you have already known and understand, the core strategy of hamas, isis hamas, is to operate from within civilian facilities, from within the population. as we have shown in the hospitals, as we know from other places, when they are operating from un facilities, from inside schools, from around civilian shelters etc, we are currently conducting the search operation in al—shifa hospital. we have shown what we have found until now. and when we will finish this operation, of course, we will share all of what we have found. ., , ., ., will share all of what we have found. ., ., ., ~ found. no sign of a tunnel network disclose so — found. no sign of a tunnel network disclose so far, _ found. no sign of a tunnel network disclose so far, though? _ found. no sign of a tunnel network disclose so far, though? i - found. no sign of a tunnel network disclose so far, though? i also - found. no sign of a tunnel network| disclose so far, though? i also want to remind us _ disclose so far, though? i also want to remind us all— disclose so far, though? i also want to remind us all that _ disclose so far, though? i also want to r